Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Novel Traits in Holstein Dairy Cattle written by Larissa Carolina Novo and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The availability of new technologies, as well as a greater attention to the needs ofconsumers and society, has promoted the development of novel traits in dairy cattle. However, several steps must be followed from the proposal until the implementation of novel traits into breeding programs. This process requires efforts from the definition of the new trait, exploration of the genetic basis of the trait, the development of proper methods, and finally the implementation of a national genetic evaluation. This thesis addresses different aspects of the development and implementation of novel traits, including definition of the phenotype, better understanding of the biological processes affecting the trait, identification of putative causal variants and genes, and finally a feasibility study of a national genetic evaluation. Specifically, this thesis evaluated different body temperature phenotypes as potential indicators of feed efficiency traits, investigated visceral fat deposition and its relationship with metabolic disorders, uncovered putative causal variants for periparturient hypocalcemia, and explored the implementation of a national genetic evaluation for Johne's disease. The first study showed that body temperature can be used as an indicator of feed efficiency and energy-related traits. The second study revealed that visceral fat accumulation is associated with inflammation, insulin resistance, and immune response, and its genetically linked to displaced abomasum. The third study identified genetic variants and individual genes affecting postpartum blood calcium concentration. The last study showed that a national genetic evaluation for Johne's Disease in Holsteins is feasible. Overall, this work has performed a comprehensive investigation of the different steps required for the development and implementation of novel traits in dairy cattle.
Download or read book Genetic analysis of health traits in German Holstein dairy cattle written by Dirk Hinrichs and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Complex Traits in Dairy Cattle written by Christine Margaret Najdowski and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Daily Milk Yield Variability in Holstein Dairy Cattle written by Victoria Moncur and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increased availability of daily milk yield measurements, data exists for analyses of additional traits that could be related to health and fertility. The objective of this thesis was to determine if day-to-day variation in milk yield is heritable, how it is correlated with daily milk yield (dMY), and how it is correlated with commonly measured production, health, and fertility traits. 789,266 dMY records were retrieved from 5 to 305 days in milk (DIM) for 2,366 lactations among 1,184 Holsteins. dMY was merged with the previous days milk yield (pMY) to derive the absolute value of dMY - pMY (ABS), and relative change in milk yield (REL), which was ABS/pMY. The average REL, ABS and dMY for four lactation segments were calculated and included in a series of single-step genomic evaluations in ASReml. Three-trait models with lactation segments of 5 to 50 DIM, 51 to 100 DIM, and 101 to 200 DIM were fit separately for dMY, ABS, and REL; this was followed by a series of two-trait models of DIM 5 to 200 with one of 5 to 50 DIM, 51 to 100 DIM, or 101 to 200 DIM for dMY, ABS, and REL. Finally, a three-trait model of dMY, ABS, and REL from 5 to 200 DIM was fit. The fixed effects included lactation group (lactations 1, 2, 3), age at calving, and year-season of calving while the random effects included the genomic relationship effect, permanent environment, and residual error. The genomic relationship matrix was generated with PREGSF90 and included 7007 animals of which 516 had 40K SNP genotypes and phenotypic records. Genomic estimated breeding values (gEBV) for dMY, ABS, and REL from 642 cows with genotypes were merged with their official genomic predicted transmitting abilities (gPTA) for several traits from Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding national genetic evaluations. All traits were heritable across all segments with dMY generally having the highest heritability (23% for 5 to 200 DIM) and REL having the lowest (16% for 5 to 200 DIM). Genetic correlations within trait indicated that variable milk yield in early lactation was strongly correlated with variable day-to-day yield for the remainder of lactation. Variation defined as ABS was strongly correlated with both dMY (0.73 from 5 to 200 DIM) and REL (0.62 from 5 to 200 DIM), where dMY and REL were independent (-0.08 from 5 to 200 DIM). Higher gEBV for dMY, ABS, or REL was unfavorably correlated with gPTA for health and fertility traits such as daughter pregnancy rate or somatic cell score. In conclusion, daily milk yield variability was heritable, and REL was more independent of milk yield than ABS. Milk yield variability was also associated with unfavorable health and fertility outcomes. Genome wide association analysis suggests that milk yield variability is largely polygenic but with some influence from major genes.
Download or read book Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle written by Julius Van der Werf and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Lifetime Production and Reproduction Traits of Dairy Cattle written by Ranjodhan Singh Sahota and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Functional Traits in Dairy Cattle Under Experimental Management System written by Burak Karacaören and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Production Fertility and Health Traits of Dairy Cows written by Rashid Hussain Pirzada and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits written by Bruce Walsh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 1504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative traits-be they morphological or physiological characters, aspects of behavior, or genome-level features such as the amount of RNA or protein expression for a specific gene-usually show considerable variation within and among populations. Quantitative genetics, also referred to as the genetics of complex traits, is the study of such characters and is based on mathematical models of evolution in which many genes influence the trait and in which non-genetic factors may also be important. Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits presents a holistic treatment of the subject, showing the interplay between theory and data with extensive discussions on statistical issues relating to the estimation of the biologically relevant parameters for these models. Quantitative genetics is viewed as the bridge between complex mathematical models of trait evolution and real-world data, and the authors have clearly framed their treatment as such. This is the second volume in a planned trilogy that summarizes the modern field of quantitative genetics, informed by empirical observations from wide-ranging fields (agriculture, evolution, ecology, and human biology) as well as population genetics, statistical theory, mathematical modeling, genetics, and genomics. Whilst volume 1 (1998) dealt with the genetics of such traits, the main focus of volume 2 is on their evolution, with a special emphasis on detecting selection (ranging from the use of genomic and historical data through to ecological field data) and examining its consequences.
Download or read book The Genetics of Cattle 2nd Edition written by Dorian Garrick and published by CABI. This book was released on 2014-11-28 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the time of domestication more than 10,000 years ago, cattle have played an increasingly crucial role in the development of human civilizations. Progress has been quite remarkable since the turn of the century; the sequencing of the bovine genome in 2009 launched new avenues for furthering our understanding of theoretical and practical aspects of cattle genetics. Covering a vast array of questions, this book reviews major topics from molecular and developmental genetics, disease resistance and immunogenetics to genetic improvement of dairy and beef breeds, addressing all current problems in the field. This second edition includes a new team of authors and completely new chapters on the genetics of fat production, nutrition, feed intake and efficiency, growth and body composition. Fully updated throughout, it provides a valuable resource on cattle genetics for researchers, breeders, veterinarians and postgraduate students.
Download or read book Development of Methods for Genetic Analysis of Discrete Traits of Economic Importance in U S and Israeli Dairy Cattle Populations written by Daniel Gianola and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Methods for Genetic Analysis of Discrete Traits of Economic Importance in U S and Israeli Dairy Cattle Populations written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics of Animal Health and Disease in Livestock written by Bianca Castiglioni and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood surface attributes can be established by examining its several different physical or chemical properties. Differences in the wood surfaces occur between the manufacturing and post-treatment processes as well. Understanding how their unique anisotropic molecular organization, chemical linkages, branching, and other molecular features govern micro- and macroscale accessibility is essential for coating and complex modification processes. It is therefore important for scientific as well as practical reasons to qualify and quantify the effects of wood surface treatments and modifications. Challenges still exist to fully understanding the effect of the numerous applied chemicals and the wide range of treatment processes on wood surfaces.
Download or read book Breeding for robustness in cattle written by Marija Klopcic and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has revealed unfavourable trends in e.g. fertility, udder health and locomotion in some major dairy cattle breeds due to a large increase in production and insufficient consideration of functional traits in the breeding goals. Such unfavourable trends in some functional traits increase costs. Additionally, the enlargement of herds leads to less available labour time per individual cow. This asks for cows that are easy to handle. At the same time, society is demanding a higher welfare standard of animals. These contradicting developments have increased the desire for so called more robust animals. Robustness can be defined as 'the ability to maintain homeostasis in commonly accepted and sustainable herds of the near future'; or 'the ability of the cow to function well in the environment she lives in as well as in a wide range of climates and production systems'. This book contains a series of articles (26) dealing with the concept of robustness, including aspects like evolution, genetics, environment, animal health and welfare, and integrity. Besides the major functional traits also the links to energy balance, hot climatic conditions, and the attitude and input of stakeholders towards robustness as part of the breeding program are discussed. This book is the first attempt to summarise the available knowledge concerning this topic in cattle, making this book unique. The contributions are from authors of 16 countries from all over the world. However, the focus is presently on farm animal level, while in future robustness of the whole production system may also require additional attention.
Download or read book A Genetic Analysis of the Production Records of a Herd of Purebred Dairy Cattle written by Marshall Cole Hervey and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mendel s Principles of Heredity written by William Bateson and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bateson named the science "genetics" in 1905-1906. This is the first textbook in English on the subject of genetics.
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Fertility in Brown Swiss Dairy Cattle written by Francesco Tiezzi Mazzoni Della Stella Maestri and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
