Download or read book Genetic Analysis of a Bobcat lynx Rufus Population in South Texas written by Jan Janecka and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Landscape Genetics of Bobcats Lynx Rufus Across Western Texas written by Imogene A. Davis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various environmental, ecological, and anthropogenic factors impact the genetic structure of natural populations. I compared the heterozygosity of a highly mobile, generalist species, the bobcat (Lynx rufus), to environmental variables throughout western Texas to determine whether landscape-level changes impact population structure. Tissue samples from 102 bobcats were collected from 5 diverse ecoregions throughout western Texas. Bobcats were genotyped for 9 microsatellite loci to estimate genetic variation and population structure. I observed high genetic variation with little population structure (K=2) throughout western Texas. Bobcats were significant for isolation by distance (P = 0.009), but also exhibited significant differences in allele frequencies throughout the sample set and in comparisons AMONG ecoregions. Bobcats also demonstrated a relatively high inbreeding coefficient (FIS = 0.1002), possibly as a result of philopatry and sensitivity to habitat fragmentation. Factoria l detrended correspondence analysis indicated weak affinity for ecoregion locations within a single cluster, which is likely the result of habitat affinities and local adaptations to a highly variable landscape. To examine specific environmental variables, I performed local and regional scale ordination analyses. Canonical correspondence analyses indicated that ~25% of the variation in heterogeneity was explainable by the nine environmental variables used. At the local level, mesquite-lotebush plant associations most strongly impacted bobcat heterozygosity, while mesquite-lotebush and urbanization were the variables most strongly correlated to increased heterozygosity at the regional scale. Mean patch size, mean patch edge, and Shannon's diversity index of patch size were also selected as meaningful variables for both scales, suggesting the relevance of spatial heterogeneity to bobcat gene flow. Bobcat genetic structu7re in western Texas appears to be partially impacted by habitat variation, vegetation composition, and spatial heterogeneity, though more information is needed to determine if other direct or indirect environmental gradients influence gene flow. There was very little variation in the genetic data, however, which reduced the meaningfulness of any correlations. My study suggested that local variables can impact population structure even when species are highly mobile and occupy variable ranges. As a result, managers should consider a myriad of landscape factors instead of individual barriers before making assumptions about the adaptations and flexibility of ecological generalists. Identifying landscape variables relevant to population structure has important management and conservation implications for maintaining genetic variation in highly mobile populations.
Download or read book Development of Noninvasive Genetic Techniques to Monitor Elusive Carnivores written by Jennifer Mae White and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating Seasonal Abundance of Bobcats Lynx Rufus and Coyotes Canis Latrans in East Texas Using a Photographic and Genetic Mark recapture Model written by Abby Elizabeth Davis and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite translocations dating back to 1924, eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) densities in East Texas remain low. Reasons for slow population growth are unknown, and are especially puzzling because wild turkey reintroductions into other portions of the southeastern U.S. have resulted in established and stable or growing populations. Because predation is a predominant cause of mortality for eastern wild turkeys, predation pressure may be a factor limiting the success of wild turkey reintroductions in East Texas. In particular, bobcats (Lynx rufus) and coyotes (Canis latrans) are the most important mammalian predators in East Texas and they have been reported as dominant predators of wild turkey adults and poults. These predators are difficult to study using traditional live-capture methods because of their elusive behavior, low population densities, and nocturnal habits. Due to these challenges, their distribution and abundance may be poorly understood, despite widespread interest and management concerns. Non-invasive survey techniques do not require handling or direct observation of the target species and can provide valuable information about predator population dynamics. I evaluated utility of two non-invasive techniques, remote cameras and fecal genotyping, to estimate seasonal abundance and density of bobcats and coyotes in East Texas. For one month each season in 2009, remote cameras and fecal DNA analysis were used to identify individual bobcats and coyotes on two 1,335 ha study areas in Nacogdoches County in East Texas. I used Program MARK to derive seasonal abundance estimates for each species. I compared the effectiveness and feasibility of remote camera and fecal DNA survey methods for estimating seasonal abundance of these mammalian predators. I concluded that bobcats were sampled most effectively using the photographic mark-recapture method because relatively high photographic capture rates allowed more reliable estimation of seasonal abundance than fecal surveys. Unique natural markings on bobcats greatly facilitated individual identification, especially compared to coyotes. Low numbers of fecal samples limited the utility of fecal DNA surveys. The two techniques provided comparable seasonal abundance estimates for coyotes; however, I placed more confidence in the genetic mark-recapture results because of concerns about behavioral bias in coyotes and the potential for misidentifications due to seasonal changes in pelage. In general, I did not find evidence for unusually high mammalian predator density in East Texas and found only limited evidence for seasonal changes in abundance that coincided with vulnerable life history periods for wild turkeys (e.g., nesting and brood-rearing).
Download or read book Observations on the Genetic Diversity of Bobcat Lynx Rufus Populations in Oklahoma written by Timothy Ewan Mathews McSweeny and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bobcats (Lynx rufus) have been recorded in a majority of counties within the state of Oklahoma, and are regularly harvested for their pelts statewide. There have been a limited number of studies on bobcats in Oklahoma due to annual hunting seasons, human alterations to the environment, and regular long-distance dispersals of male bobcats, questions have been raised regarding the genetic diversity and structure of the population in the state. To better understand the current genetic diversity of Oklahoma’s bobcats, tongue samples from harvested individuals were collected by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and deposited in laboratories at the University of Central Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University. I extracted DNA from tissue samples collected across 25 counties and performed fragment analyses using 10 microsatellite loci, plus a sex-determining locus. This allowed me to assess the current genetic structure of bobcats within the state, as well as levels of genetic diversity. My data shows that there is currently a high level of heterozygosity across the state, representing a sustainable level of genetic diversity. Results of genetic structure analyses indicate that there is a single population distributed across the state, allowing for the maintenance of genetic diversity through high levels of gene flow.
Download or read book Genetic Relationship Among Populations of Bobcats Lynx Rufus Determined by Analysis of Microsatellite Loci written by Jennifer Rae Bowles and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Population Genetics and Phylogeography of Bobcats Lynx Rufus Using Microsatellites and Mitochondrial DNA written by Emily Katherine Croteau and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are generalist carnivores with an expansive range from southern Canada to northern Mexico, in which 11 - 12 subspecies have been described. Presently, there is little information on the genetic structure of bobcat populations at large spatial scales. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the current isolation of bobcat populations is a historic feature, or whether recent landscape alterations have disrupted dispersal among previously connected populations. These data reveal that bobcats have not historically experienced large barriers to dispersal. Recent habitat alterations may be disrupting dispersal over large scales.
Download or read book Population Genetic Structure of Bobcats Lynx Rufus in South Dakota written by Stuart C. Fetherston and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bobcat written by Kevin Hansen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bobcat: Master of Survival tells the story of the most adaptable and resilient wild feline in the world. While half the wild cat species worldwide are in danger, the bobcat is thriving, even expanding its range in North America. Why are bobcats flourishing when so many other wild felines are advancing towards extinction? The book explains how scientists apply the latest in wildlife research technology to probe this diminutive predator's habits and behavior. The reader is invited inside the bobcat's world to see how they hunt, kill prey, raise their young, coexist with humans, and deftly navigate the endless obstacles to survival.The bobcat is both the most studied and the most exploited wild feline in the world. Millions have been killed for the fur trade. They were the focus of major controversy in the 1970s that transformed international conservation of wild felines. The book discusses how economics and politics play a far greater role in bobcat management and conservation than does science. Bobcat is the most comprehensive and up-to-date book on the natural history and management of bobcats to appear in 40 years.
Download or read book Occupancy Abundance and Population Genetics of Bobcats in Western Maryland USA written by Kevin J. Lamp and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring the status and trends of bobcat (Lynx rufus) distribution, abundance, and population genetics are important to wildlife professionals tasked with bobcat conservation and management. In Maryland, USA, bobcats are expanding their distribution east of bobcat range (i.e., Garrett and Allegany counties, Maryland), likely indicating an increase in abundance and prompting interest in bobcats' status within western Maryland. My objectives were to 1) evaluate the efficacy of non-invasive genetic sampling techniques to detect and individually identify bobcats, 2) evaluate and predict bobcat occupancy, 3) estimate and compare bobcat abundance using 2 methods, and 4) assess bobcat population structure and genetic diversity in western Maryland. I conducted my study on 3 study areas in western Maryland including areas within and surrounding Potomac-Garrett, Savage River, and Green Ridge State Forests. On each study area, I overlaid a 5 x 8 grid network of 40 cells, each cell 5.5 km2 in size, to evenly distribute hair snare and camera locations. During January-March 2019 I conducted hair snaring surveys, scat collection surveys, and snow tracking surveys to compare each non-invasive genetic sampling technique by detections using mitochondrial DNA and individually identified samples using 10 microsatellite loci. During January-March 2019 and 2020, I placed 1 camera in each grid cell and visited cameras weekly to collect photo data and re-bait each location. I used single-season occupancy and Royle-Nichols models to estimate bobcat occupancy and abundance, respectively, over both years and all study areas. I surveyed transects consisting of hiking trails, closed or lightly used roads, and off-highway vehicle trails from May-August 2019 to collect scat samples. I screened scats by species and identified bobcat scats to the individual level for use in spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR) models. I assessed population structure using the Bayesian clustering method in program STRUCTURE and principal coordinate analysis. In addition, I examined genetic diversity using heterozygosity and number of alleles per locus.
Download or read book Seasonal and Habitat based Prey Diversity of Bobcats Lynux Rufus in Big Bend National Park Texas written by Ellen Stringer Browning and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bobcat (Lynx rufus) population in Big Bend National Park (BIBE) provides an excellent opportunity for study due to the varied arid habitat in which they exist, the dynamic nature of their environment, and the paucity of scientific documentation on this unexploited population. As an abundant carnivore, the bobcat is crucial to BIBE's community ecology and trophic structure, emphasizing the need to investigate, in depth food habits in relation to environmental factors. Bobcats feed on a variety of small vertebrates, primarily lagomorphs and rodents, and are also known to take down large prey, such as mule deer and white tailed deer. Previous research found bobcat diet within BIBE in relation to a reduction in the mule deer abundance in the park from 1972-74 to 1980-81. Their findings suggest that bobcats increase consumption of lagomorphs, a primary prey item when mule deer populations decline. However, they did not address habitat type or seasonality. Taking into account the five major ecosystems of BIBE (floodplain arroyo, desert scrub, sotol grassland, pinion-juniper-oak forest, cypress-pine-oak forest) and seasonal variation from winter to summer, I investigated differences in bobcat diet based on time of year and habitat type. I hypothesized that while lagomorphs and rodents would make up the majority of bobcat diet, ratios and species would vary by season and location, with significant differences between 1) cooler months following monsoon season (January) and the hottest, driest time of year (May/June) and 2) high elevation woodland/grassland, low desert, and riparian floodplain. My findings support the assumption that bobcats in BIBE primarily consumed lagomorphs and rodents, with lagomorphs consumed at a higher percentage for all samples combined (44%). Rodents comprised 28% of prey found in scat collected. Differences between seasons included an increase in number of taxa from May/June to January, including carnivores and deer. Seasonal changes also included a reduction in lagomorph occurrence (51% - 39%) and an increase in rodent occurrence (26% - 33%). Prey diversity did not differ significantly across ecosystem type and was quite low; May/June H' = 0.22, January H' = 0.20 (P > 0.1), and increasing sample size by combining both seasons resulted in a lower diversity measure (H' = 0.18) in other words, a lower evenness in prey species. Dietary niche breadth was higher in the summer (Bs = 0.53) than in the winter (Bs = 0.35), and overall dietary niche breadth was Bs = 33. Both diversity and niche breadth measures followed a similar trend, with summer being the highest and combined measures being lowest. Because diversity and dietary niche breadth are measures of the relationship between species richness and relative abundance, an increase in species diversity alone does not increase diversity, especially if those species exist in low relative abundance.
Download or read book Small Wild Cats written by James G. Sanderson and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the behavior, biology, and conservation of the more than 30 small wild cat species.
Download or read book Relatedness Assessment and Analysis of Road Mortality Effects on Lynx Rufus in Ohio written by William J. Heffern and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The state of Ohio is currently assessing the merits of opening a harvest season on Lynx rufus following their removal from the state threatened species list in 2014. Bobcats were extirpated from Ohio by 1850 but have naturally recolonized in the 21st century. Prior research has uncovered two genetically distinct subpopulations in the state with one occurring in the eastern region, and one in the southern. In assessing the current state of L. rufus in Ohio, genetic analysis will paint a better picture regarding genetic admixture of the two subpopulations. We additionally analyze demographic biases in road mortality in order to quantify the effect on population growth trends in the state. In the subsequent decades following L. rufus reestablishment in the state, abundance is increasing as indicated by increase of verified sightings. Refining previous population assessments, we determined that the formerly distinct subpopulations have now thoroughly admixed. Analysis of road mortality specimens demonstrates a bias towards males and dispersal-aged individuals, leading to lower actual recruitment than expected. Based on life tables, road mortality does lead to a reduction in net reproductive rate, though this reduction does not appear to be significant.
Download or read book The Mammals of Texas written by David J. Schmidly and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2016-08-09 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From reviews of previous editions: “This is the standard reference about Texas mammals.” —Wildlife Activist “A must for anyone seriously interested in the wildlife of Texas.” —Texas Outdoor Writers Association News “[This book] easily fills the role of both a field guide and a desk reference, and is written in a style that appeals to the professional biologist and amateur naturalist alike. . . . [It] should prove useful to anyone with an interest in the mammal fauna of Texas or the southern Great Plains.” —Prairie Naturalist The Mammals of Texas has been the standard reference since the first edition was coauthored by William B. Davis and Walter P. Taylor in 1947. Revised several times over the succeeding decades, it remains the most authoritative source of information on the mammalian wildlife of Texas, with physical descriptions and life histories for 202 species, abundant photographs and drawings, and distribution maps. In this new edition, David J. Schmidly is joined by one of the most active researchers on Texas mammals, Robert D. Bradley, to provide a thorough update of the taxonomy, distribution, and natural history of all species of wild mammals that inhabit Texas today. Using the most recent advances in molecular biology and in wildlife ecology and management, the authors include the most current information about the scientific nomenclature, taxonomy, and identification of species, while also covering significant advances in natural history and conservation.
Download or read book An Ecological Study of the Bobcat Lynx Rufus Schreber in West central South Carolina written by Joe Kight and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Habitat Selection and Population Ecology of Bobcats Lynx Rufus in South Dakota USA written by Cory E. Mosby and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
