Download or read book Towards a Professional Model of Surrogate Motherhood written by Ruth Walker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book delves deeply into modern surrogacy arrangements, responding to both practical and ethical critiques by offering a radically new model for surrogate motherhood. Current practice distinguishes between two models of surrogacy – the altruistic (unpaid) model and the commercial (paid) model, both of which present social, ethical, and conceptual challenges. This book proposes a novel arrangement for surrogate motherhood – the professional model. Inspired by professions, such as nursing, teaching, and social work, the professional model acknowledges the caring motives that surrogate mothers have while at the same time compensating them for their work. Walker and Van Zyl adopt an evidence-based approach to explain that the professional model enables trust between intended parents and surrogates, provides professional support at every stage of the relationship, affords legal protections against exploitation and commodification, and recognizes the rights and interests of all parties, including the intended baby. The model applies to both transnational and domestic surrogacy and will be of great interest to policy makers, social researchers, bioethicists, legal scholars, fertility professionals, clinicians, and graduate students in psychology, philosophy, medicine and ethics.
Download or read book Generosity Versus Altruism written by Karen Wright and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Paradox of Generosity written by Christian Smith and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Paradox of Generosity, Christian Smith and Hilary Davidson offer vital insight into how American adults conceive of and demonstrate generosity. Focusing not only on financial giving but on the many diverse forms philanthropy can take, they show the impact--both positive and negative--that giving has on individuals.
Download or read book Doing Good Better written by William MacAskill and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of us want to make a difference. We donate our time and money to charities and causes we deem worthy, choose careers we consider meaningful, and patronize businesses and buy products we believe make the world a better place. Unfortunately, we often base these decisions on assumptions and emotions rather than facts. As a result, even our best intentions often lead to ineffective—and sometimes downright harmful—outcomes. How can we do better? While a researcher at Oxford, trying to figure out which career would allow him to have the greatest impact, William MacAskill confronted this problem head on. He discovered that much of the potential for change was being squandered by lack of information, bad data, and our own prejudice. As an antidote, he and his colleagues developed effective altruism, a practical, data-driven approach that allows each of us to make a tremendous difference regardless of our resources. Effective altruists believe that it’s not enough to simply do good; we must do good better. At the core of this philosophy are five key questions that help guide our altruistic decisions: How many people benefit, and by how much? Is this the most effective thing I can do? Is this area neglected? What would have happened otherwise? What are the chances of success, and how good would success be? By applying these questions to real-life scenarios, MacAskill shows how many of our assumptions about doing good are misguided. For instance, he argues one can potentially save more lives by becoming a plastic surgeon rather than a heart surgeon; measuring overhead costs is an inaccurate gauge of a charity’s effectiveness; and, it generally doesn’t make sense for individuals to donate to disaster relief. MacAskill urges us to think differently, set aside biases, and use evidence and careful reasoning rather than act on impulse. When we do this—when we apply the head and the heart to each of our altruistic endeavors—we find that each of us has the power to do an astonishing amount of good.
Download or read book Reputation and the Evolution of Generous Behavior written by Pat Barclay and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Science of Generosity written by Patricia Snell Herzog and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book advances understanding of the manifestations, causes, and consequences of generosity. Synthesizing the findings of the 14 research projects conducted by the Science of Generosity Initiative and offering an appendix of methods for studying generosity, this comprehensive account integrates insights from disparate disciplines to facilitate a broader understanding of giving—ultimately creating a compendium of not only the latest research in the field of altruistic behaviors, but also a research roadmap for the future. As the author sequentially explores the manifestations, causes, and consequences of generosity, Patricia Snell Herzog here also offers analyses ranging from the micro- to macro-level to paint a full picture of the individual, interpersonal and familial, and collective (inter)actions involved in altruism and generosity. The author concludes with a call to stimulate further interdisciplinary generosity studies, describing the implications for emerging scholars and practitioners across sociology, economics, political science, religious studies, and beyond.
Download or read book Handbook of the Economics of Giving Altruism and Reciprocity written by Serge-Christophe Kolm and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-09-08 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive set of reviews of literature on the economics of nonmarket voluntary transfers.
Download or read book Altruism written by George Herbert Palmer and published by Namaskar Book. This book was released on 2024-02-02 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the profound impact of selflessness and compassion with "Altruism" by George Herbert Palmer. Explore Palmer's exploration of the power of altruism as he delves into the transformative effects of acts of kindness and compassion. Experience the enlightening insights of Palmer as he examines the inherent value of altruistic behavior in shaping individual lives and communities. Through compelling anecdotes and thoughtful analysis, Palmer illuminates the profound connections between selflessness, compassion, and personal fulfillment. But amidst the reflections on altruism lies a fundamental question: What motivates individuals to act selflessly, and how do such actions contribute to the greater good? Are there universal principles and values that underpin acts of kindness and generosity? Delve into the depths of Palmer's exploration as he sheds light on the transformative power of altruism in fostering empathy, understanding, and social cohesion. With each chapter, Palmer offers readers a deeper appreciation for the profound impact of compassionate action. Are you ready to embrace the transformative power of "Altruism"? Prepare to be inspired by Palmer's insights into the inherent goodness of human nature and the potential for positive change through acts of selflessness and compassion. Engage with Palmer's exploration of altruism as you immerse yourself in "Altruism." With Palmer as your guide, you'll embark on a journey of self-discovery and social responsibility, where every act of kindness has the power to make a difference. Join the movement toward greater compassion and altruism with "Altruism." Let the journey begin! Don't miss your chance to explore the transformative potential of selflessness and compassion. Purchase your copy of "Altruism" by George Herbert Palmer now and discover the power of altruistic action to create a more compassionate and interconnected world. ```
Download or read book Birthing a Mother written by Elly Teman and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2010-03-04 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Birthing a Mother is the first ethnography to probe the intimate experience of gestational surrogate motherhood. In this beautifully written and insightful book, Elly Teman shows how surrogates and intended mothers carefully negotiate their cooperative endeavor. Drawing on anthropological fieldwork among Jewish Israeli women, interspersed with cross-cultural perspectives of surrogacy in the global context, Teman traces the processes by which surrogates relinquish any maternal claim to the baby even as intended mothers accomplish a complicated transition to motherhood. Teman’s groundbreaking analysis reveals that as surrogates psychologically and emotionally disengage from the fetus they carry, they develop a profound and lasting bond with the intended mother.
Download or read book Why People Give written by Ratna Vira and published by SAGE Publications Pvt. Limited. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do people really give? Does giving indicate a kind heart? Is altruism about feeling good or is there more to it? We regularly see numerous displays of altruistic behaviour and instances of philanthropy, where the beneficiaries are often complete strangers. We cannot understand philanthropy without considering the motivation for giving: Why people give, their beliefs and, more importantly, the realization that in giving we receive. This book is passionately argued, deeply researched and full of indelible stories of real people. The authors build a case for altruism and the urgent need for empathy in an increasingly self-centred and materialistic world. Through stories drawn from real life, this book will change how we look at the act of giving. It shows that each one of us can bring about a change, if only we have the will. We don’t have to wait for governments or big corporations to act because the power lies within us—we can be the catalysts.
Download or read book The Science of Giving written by Daniel M. Oppenheimer and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans donate over 300 billion dollars a year to charity, but the psychological factors that govern whether to give, and how much to give, are still not well understood. Our understanding of charitable giving is based primarily upon the intuitions of fundraisers or correlational data which cannot establish causal relationships. By contrast, the chapters in this book study charity using experimental methods in which the variables of interest are experimentally manipulated. As a result, it becomes possible to identify the causal factors that underlie giving, and to design effective intervention programs that can help increase the likelihood and amount that people contribute to a cause. For charitable organizations, this book examines the efficacy of fundraising strategies commonly used by nonprofits and makes concrete recommendations about how to make capital campaigns more efficient and effective. Moreover, a number of novel factors that influence giving are identified and explored, opening the door to exciting new avenues in fundraising. For researchers, this book breaks novel theoretical ground in our understanding of how charitable decisions are made. While the chapters focus on applications to charity, the emotional, social, and cognitive mechanisms explored herein all have more general implications for the study of psychology and behavioral economics. This book highlights some of the most intriguing, surprising, and enlightening experimental studies on the topic of donation behavior, opening up exciting pathways to cross-cutting the divide between theory and practice.
Download or read book The Moral Economy written by Samuel Bowles and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-28 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Should the idea of economic man—the amoral and self-interested Homo economicus—determine how we expect people to respond to monetary rewards, punishments, and other incentives? Samuel Bowles answers with a resounding “no.” Policies that follow from this paradigm, he shows, may “crowd out” ethical and generous motives and thus backfire. But incentives per se are not really the culprit. Bowles shows that crowding out occurs when the message conveyed by fines and rewards is that self-interest is expected, that the employer thinks the workforce is lazy, or that the citizen cannot otherwise be trusted to contribute to the public good. Using historical and recent case studies as well as behavioral experiments, Bowles shows how well-designed incentives can crowd in the civic motives on which good governance depends.
Download or read book The Paradox of Generosity written by Christian Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determining why, when, and to whom people feel compelled to be generous affords invaluable insight into positive and problematic ways of life. Organ donation, volunteering, and the funding of charities can all be illuminated by sociological and psychological perspectives on how American adults conceive of and demonstrate generosity. Focusing not only on financial giving but on the many diverse forms generosity can take, Christian Smith and Hilary Davidson show the deep impact-usually good, sometimes destructive-that giving has on individuals. The Paradox of Generosity is the first study to make use of the cutting-edge empirical data collected in Smith's groundbreaking, multidisciplinary, five-year Science of Generosity Initiative. It draws on an extensive survey of 2,000 Americans, more than sixty in-depth interviews with individuals across twelve states, and analysis of over 1,000 photographs and other visual materials. This wealth of evidence reveals a consistent link between demonstrating generosity and leading a better life: more generous people are happier, suffer fewer illnesses and injuries, live with a greater sense of purpose, and experience less depression. Smith and Davidson also show, however, that to achieve a better life a person must practice generosity regularly-random acts of kindness are not enough. Offering a wide range of vividly illustrative case studies, this volume will be a crucial resource for anyone seeking to understand the true impact and meaning of generosity.
Download or read book The How of Happiness written by Sonja Lyubomirsky and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2007-12-27 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to achieve the happiness you deserve "A guide to sustaining your newfound contentment." —Psychology Today "Lyubomirsky's central point is clear: a significant portion of what is called happiness . . . is up for grabs. Taking some pages out of the positive psychology playbook, she coaches readers on how to snag it." —The New York Review of Books You see here a different kind of happiness book. The How of Happiness is a comprehensive guide to understanding the elements of happiness based on years of groundbreaking scientific research. It is also a practical, empowering, and easy-to-follow workbook, incorporating happiness strategies, excercises in new ways of thinking, and quizzes for understanding our individuality, all in an effort to help us realize our innate potential for joy and ways to sustain it in our lives. Drawing upon years of pioneering research with thousands of men and women, The How of Happiness is both a powerful contribution to the field of positive psychology and a gift to people who have sought to take their happiness into their own hands.
Download or read book Wombs in Labor written by Amrita Pande and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-23 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surrogacy is India's new form of outsourcing, as couples from all over the world hire Indian women to bear their children for a fraction of the cost of surrogacy elsewhere with little to no government oversight or regulation. In the first detailed ethnography of India's surrogacy industry, Amrita Pande visits clinics and hostels and speaks with surrogates and their families, clients, doctors, brokers, and hostel matrons in order to shed light on this burgeoning business and the experiences of the laborers within it. From recruitment to training to delivery, Pande's research focuses on how reproduction meets production in surrogacy and how this reflects characteristics of India's larger labor system. Pande's interviews prove surrogates are more than victims of disciplinary power, and she examines the strategies they deploy to retain control over their bodies and reproductive futures. While some women are coerced into the business by their families, others negotiate with clients and their clinics to gain access to technologies and networks otherwise closed to them. As surrogates, the women Pande meets get to know and make the most of advanced medical discoveries. They traverse borders and straddle relationships that test the boundaries of race, class, religion, and nationality. Those who focus on the inherent inequalities of India's surrogacy industry believe the practice should be either banned or strictly regulated. Pande instead advocates for a better understanding of this complex labor market, envisioning an international model of fair-trade surrogacy founded on openness and transparency in all business, medical, and emotional exchanges.
Download or read book Generosity written by Tibor R. Machan and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 1998 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is generosity part of a good life? Do we have a legally enforceable obligation to be generous? Is the welfare state a form of generosity? What is generosity, and under what conditions are people generous? In Generosity: Virtue in Civil Society, Tibor Machan offers answers to those and many other questions. His work continues the long tradition of virtue ethics and shows how generosity is one of the benevolent virtues, which also include charity, kindness, and compassion, and can only be realized in combination with the "master virtue" of integrity or prudence. Machan argues that if people who spend their time defending and attempting to expand the welfare state were to devote similar attention to practicing the virtue of generosity and promoting it among their neighbors, relatives, coworkers, and friends, we would certainly live in a freer and more generous world. The abdication and usurpation of personal responsibility are the greatest moral failures of the modern welfare state.
Download or read book The Altruism Question written by C. Daniel Batson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are our efforts to help others ever driven solely by altruistic motivation, or is our ultimate goal always some form of self- benefit (egoistic motivation)? This volume reports the development of an empirically-testable theory of altruistic motivation and a series of experiments designed to test that theory. It sets the issue of egoism versus altruism in its larger historical and philosophical context, and brings diverse experiments into a single, integrated argument. Readers will find that this book provides a solid base of information from which questions surrounding the existence of altruistic motivation can be further investigated.
