Download or read book Generation Sampling and Analysis for Low Level GB SARIN Vapor for Inhalation Toxicology Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study tested and optimized various methodologies to generate, sample, and characterize sarin (GB) test atmospheres in an inhalation chamber, particularly at low-vapor levels. A syringe drive/spray atomization system produced GB vapor at lethal concentrations of 1-44 mg/m3. A saturator cell was used to generate GB vapor at sub-lethal concentrations from 1 mg/m down to very low GB levels approaching the TLV-TWA of 0.0001 mg/m3. Both generation techniques demonstrated the ability to produce stable vapor concentrations over extended exposure periods. This capability was important to determine sub-lethal nerve agent effects for inhalation toxicology studies. In addition, the techniques employed for producing and maintaining low-level GB vapor would lay the foundation for testing other chemical warfare agents, such as GF or VX.
Download or read book Generation Sampling and Analysis for Low Level GB Sarin Vapor for Inhalation Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study tested and optimized various methodologies to generate, sample and characterize GB test atmospheres in an inhalation chamber, particularly at low vapor levels. A syringe drive/spray atomization system produced GB vapor at lethal concentrations of 1- 44 mg/m3. A saturator cell was used to generate GB vapor at sub-lethal concentrations down to levels approaching the TLV-TWA of 0.0001 mg/m3. Both generation techniques demonstrated the ability to produce stable vapor concentrations over extended exposure periods for inhalation toxicology studies. The techniques employed for this study would lay the foundation for testing other chemical warfare agents, such as GF or VX.
Download or read book Generation Sampling and Analysis for Low Level GF Cyclo Sarin Vapor for Inhalation Toxicology Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The generation, sampling, and analysis system used for low-level GB inhalation studies was modified to test the nerve agent GF. A saturator cell used in conjunction with an inhalation chamber generated low level OF vapor at concentrations ranging from 0.004 - 0.05 mg/cu m. Additional testing with a syringe drive spray atomization system generated OF vapor concentrations from 0.7 - 2 mg/cu m. This capability was important to determine sub-lethal effects (primarily meioses) for inhalation toxicology studies. In addition, the techniques successfully employed for this study would lay the foundation for testing low-level VX.
Download or read book Generation Sampling and Analysis of GB Sarin Vapor for Inhalation Toxicology Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study tested and optimized various methodologies to generate, sample and characterize GB test atmospheres in an inhalation chamber. A syringe drive spray atomization system was used for GB vapor generation. Stable GB test atmospheres (0.5 -50 mg/cu cm) were generated over different duration's (60, 240, 360 min) and sampled with solvent bubblers as well as an automated solid sorbent sampling system. Concentrations derived from each sampling method were compared against each other and statistically evaluated. A paired t-test showed no statistical difference between the two methods at the 95% confidence interval. Future applications include the ability to generate and monitor GB levels approaching the TLV-TWA of 0.0001 mg/cu cm.
Download or read book Comparison of Bubbler Versus Sorbent Tube Sampling for the Analysis of GB Sarin Vapor for Inhalation Toxicology written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous GB (sarin) inhalation studies have typically used solvent bubblers to determine vapor concentrations, particularly at lethal exposure levels. However, investigations for future low-level GB exposures necessitate the need for a sampling system more sensitive than bubblers. To meet this requirement, an automated sorbent tube/thermal desorption system was tested and validated against sample bubblers. Data was obtained during an existing GB inhalation exposure study with vapor concentrations ranging from 2 to 7 mg/m3 GB. Samples from both techniques were drawn from the same inhalation chamber and quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography for GB vapor. Concentrations derived from each sampling method were compared against each other and statistically evaluated. A paired t-test of the data showed no statistical difference between the two methods at the 95% confidence interval. Future applications of the sorbent tube sampler would include monitoring GB levels approaching the TLV-TWA of 0.0001 mg/m3.
Download or read book Chemical Warfare Agents written by Brian J. Lukey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-17 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this book, Chemical Warfare Agents: Toxicity at Low Levels, was published just prior to the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001. Reflecting a greater sense of urgency within the field of chemical defense since this event, research related to chemical warfare agents (CWAs) continues to expand at a remarkable pace.
Download or read book Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-15 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews documents on acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for nerve agents GA (tabun), GB (sarin), GD (soman), GD, and VX, sulfur mustard, diborane, and methyl isocyanate. The documents were developed by the National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals (NAC). The subcommittee concludes that the AEGLs developed in those documents are scientifically valid conclusions based on data reviewed by NAC and are consistent with the NRC reports on developing acute exposure guideline levels.
Download or read book Emergency Response Guidebook written by U.S. Department of Transportation and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-06-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.
Download or read book Public Health Response to Biological and Chemical Weapons written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2004-01-21 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second edition of this publication which focuses on the public health aspects of the possible deliberate use of biological or chemical agents. Issues discussed include: the key principles for public health planning, risk assessment, hazard identification and evaluation, risk management strategies, and response planning as part of existing national emergency plans, disease surveillance and early warning systems, the national and international legal framework, and international sources of assistance. Technical annexes cover a range of issues including chemical agents, toxins, biological agents, principles of protection, precautions against the sabotage of drinking water, food and other products, information resources and the affiliation of WHO Member States to the international treaties on biological and chemical weapons.
Download or read book Gulf War and Health written by Committee on Health Effects Associated with Exposures During the Gulf War and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-12-12 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The men and women who served in the Gulf War theater were potentially exposed to a wide range of biological and chemical agents. Gulf War and Health: Volume 1 assesses the scientific literature concerning the association between these agents and the adverse health effects currently experienced by a large number of veterans.
Download or read book Organophosphates Chemistry Fate and Effects written by Janice E. Chambers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume pulls together a wealth of up-to-date information on the toxicology of this diverse and ubiquitous class of insecticides. Leading experts review the reactivity of organophosphorus compounds with cholinesterase, as well as their metabolism and biological effects on humans and other nontarget organisms. The book not only covers the anticholinesterase actions of organophosphates, but also other, presumably independent, effects, such as teratogenicity, delayed neuropathy, immunotoxicity, and behavioral toxicity. Offers crucial overviews of chemical and biochemical reactivity and biological responsiveness of mainly nontarget organisms Reviews new developments in assessment of metabolism and disposition of organophosphorus compounds Examines organophosphorus compound-induced toxicity mediated by mechanisms other than inhibition of acetylcholinesterase Covers new research on differences in toxicity induced by the variety of organophosphorus Analyzes current controversies on the relevance of certain biochemical parameters in actual organophosphate toxicity in vivo
Download or read book Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisonings 5th Ed written by J. Routt Reigart and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 5th ed. is an update and expansion of the 1989 4th ed. This EPA manual provides health professionals with information on the health hazards of pesticides currently in use, and current consensus recommendations for management of poisonings and injuries caused by them. As with previous updates, this new ed. incorporates new pesticide products that are not necessarily widely known among health professionals. Contents: (1) General Information: Introduction; General Principles in the Management of Acute Pesticide Poisonings; Environmental and Occupational History; (2) Insecticides; (3) Herbicides; (4) Other Pesticides; (5) Index of Signs and Symptoms; Index of Pesticide Products. Charts and tables.
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book Impact of Revised Airborne Exposure Limits on Non Stockpile Chemical Materiel Program Activities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-05-04 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Army's Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel program is responsible for dismantling former chemical agent production facilities and destroying recovered chemical materiel. In response to congressional requirements, the Center for Disease Control (CDC), in 2003, recommended new airborne exposure limits (AELs) to protect workforce and public health during operations to destroy this materiel. To assist in meeting these recommended limits, the U.S. Army asked the NRC for a review of its implementation plans for destruction of production facilities at the Newport Chemical Depot and the operation of two types of mobile destruction systems. This report presents the results of that review. It provides recommendations on analytical methods, on airborne containment monitoring, on operational procedures, on the applicability of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and on involvement of workers and the public in implementation of the new AELs.
Download or read book Mammalian Toxicology written by Mohamed Abou-Donia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-04 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mammalian Toxicology surveys chemical agents and examines how such chemicals impact on human health, emphasizing the importance in minimizing environmental exposure to chemical and physical hazards in our homes, communities and workplaces through such media as contaminated water, soil and air. Starting with the basic principles on a wide range of toxic agents, this textbook describes how they enter the body, their mechanisms of action once inside, and strategies for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Topics covered include: General principles of toxicology: pharmacological and toxicological principles underpinning the study of toxicology, risk assessments and mechanisms of cell death Disposition: routes of chemical exposures, entry into the body and various tissues, storage, metabolic biotransformation and elimination, with examples from various toxicants. Toxic agents: the occurrences, disposition in the body, health effects, toxic mechanisms, antidotes and treatments of a range of agents including pesticides, metals, solvents, gases, nanomaterials, food components and additives, pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse, natural toxins, endocrine disruptors, radiation, and warfare weapons. Toxic effects: including neurotoxicity, developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, teratogenecity, male and female reproductive toxicity, mutagenecity, carcinogenicity, pulmonary toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity and cardiovascular toxicity Toxicology and society: epidemiological studies of chemical-induced diseases in human populations, and a vision for toxicology in the 21st century. Mammalian Toxicology is an essential primer for students of toxicology, biochemistry, biology, medicine and chemistry. It is also appropriate for professional toxicologists in research or regulatory affairs, and anyone who needs to understand the adverse effects of toxic agents on the human body.
Download or read book Possible Long term Health Effects of Short term Exposure to Chemical Agents written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1982 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Aluminum Update written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001-02 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides information about aluminum and the human health effects of exposure. This chemical has been found in many sites identified by the EPA for long-term Federal cleanup activities. The report includes a Public Health Statement which explains the toxicologic properties of aluminum in a nontechnical, Q&A format, and a review of the general health effects observed following exposure; a description of health effects; how the chemical can affect children; and information on its chemical and physical properties, production, use and disposal, potential for human exposure, analytical methods, and regulations and advisories.
