Download or read book Generation of Negative Ions in a Gas Discharge written by G. G. Cloutier and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of a research program on the generation of heavy negative ions in a gas discharge are reported. The design and operation of the gas discharge ion source are described in detail. The negative ions were generated by producing a discharge through a mixture of an electronegative gas and argon. Three basic types of measurements were carried out using two differen electronegative gases: SF6 and iodine. The total negative ion current extracted from the ion source, the various negative ion species in the ion beam and the concentration of negative ions in the gas discharge were the three major objects of investigations. (Author).
Download or read book Volume Generation of Negative Ions in High Density Hydrogen Discharges Revision 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An optimized tandem two-chamber negative-ion source system is discussed. In the first chamber high energy (E> 20 eV) electron collisions provide for H2 vibrational excitation, while in the second chamber negative ions are formed by dissociative attachment. The gas density, electron density, and system scale length are varied as independent parameters. The extracted negative ion current density passes through a maximum as electron and gas densities are varied. This maximum scales inversely with system scale length, R. The optimum extracted current densities occur for electron densities near nR = 1013 electrons cm−2 and for gas densities, N2R, in the range 1014 to 1015 molecules cm−2. The extracted current densities are sensitive to the atomic concentration in the discharge. The atomic concentration is parametrized by the wall recombination coefficient, .gamma., and scale length, R. As .gamma. ranges from 0.1 to 1.0 and for system scale lengths of one centimeter, extracted current densities range from 8.0 to 80. mA cm−2.
Download or read book Development and Applications of Negative Ion Sources written by Vadim Dudnikov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-22 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the development of sources of negative ions and their application in science and industry. It describes the physical foundations and implementation of the key methods of negative ion production and control, such as charge exchange, thermionic emission, plasma volume, secondary emission (sputtering) and surface-plasma sources, as well as the history of their development. Following on from this essential foundational material, the book goes on to explore transport of negative ion beams, and beam-plasma instabilities. Now in its second edition, the book has been substantially expanded and updated to address the many developments since it was first published, most importantly the development and investigation of cesiated surfaces with work function ~1.2-1.3 eV in conditions close to discharges in surface plasma sources. The book also includes a new chapter on development of conversion targets for high-energy neutral beam injectors, covering gas targets, plasma targets and photon targets for efficient conversion of high energy negative ion beams to neutral beams. With exposition accessible at the graduate level, and a comprehensive bibliography, this book will appeal to all students and researchers whose work concerns ion sources and their applications to accelerators, beam physics, storage rings, cyclotrons, and plasma traps.
Download or read book The Formation of Negative Oxygen Ions in the Collisions of Positive Oxygen Ions with Gas Molecules written by Ya. M. Fogel and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Negative Ions written by and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of High Rydberg States in the Generation of Negative Ions in Negative ion Discharges written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The generation of substantial yields of H− ions in a laser excited H2 gas has been reported by Pinnaduwage and Christoforu. These H− yields have been attributed to (2 + 1) REMP photoexcitation processes leading to dissociative attachment of doubly-excited or superexcited states (SES), or dissociative attachment of high Rydberg product states. The new feature of these experiments is the implied large dissociative attachment rates, of order 10−6 cm3 sec−1, values that are orders-of-magnitude larger than the dissociative attachment of the vibrationally excited levels of the ground electronic state. While these laser excitations are not directly applicable to a hydrogen negative-ion discharge, the implication of large dissociative attachment rates to the high Rydberg states may affect both the total negative-ion density and the interpretation of discharge performance. Within the discharge energetic electrons will collisionally excite the higher Rydberg states, and the relative contribution of the dissociative attachment of these states when compared with the dissociative attachment to the ground state vibrational levels, is the topic of this paper.
Download or read book Generation and characterization of some gas phase distonic and negative ions written by Wilfridus Petrus Maria Maas and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Ion Sources written by Bernhard Wolf and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-08-31 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Ion Sources delivers the data needed for daily work with ion sources. It also gives information for the selection of a suitable ion source and ion production method for a specific application. The Handbook concentrates on practical aspects and introduces the principle function of ion sources. The basic plasma parameters are defined and discussed. The working principles of various ion sources are explained, and examples of each type of ion source are presented with their operational data. Tables of ion current for various elements and charge states summarize the performance of different ion sources. The problems related to the production of ions of non-gaseous elements are detailed, and data on useful materials for evaporation and ion source construction are summarized. Additional chapters are dedicated to extraction and beam formation, ion beam diagnosis, ion source electronics, and computer codes for extraction, acceleration, and beam transport. Emittance and brilliance are described and space charge effects and neutralization discussed. Various methods for the measurement of current, profile, emittance, and time structure are presented and compared. Intensity limits for these methods are provided for different ion energies. Typical problems related to the operation of ion source plasmas are discussed and practical examples of circuits are given. The influence of high voltage on ion source electronics and possibilities for circuit protection are covered. The generation of microwaves and various microwave equipment are described and special problems related to microwave operation are summarized. The Handbook of Ion Sources is a valuable reference on the subject, of benefit to practitioners and graduate students interested in accelerators, ion implantation, and ion beam techniques.
Download or read book Production and Neutralization of Negative Ions and Beams written by Joseph D. Sherman and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2005-04-20 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This symposium addresses all aspects of H- and D- sources, the formation of negative hydrogen and deuterium beams from these sources, and their beam transport properties. The discussion includes both the latest theoretical and experimental work in these areas. The negative ion sources are multicusp, Penning, magnetron, rf (1-13 MHz), surface converter, microwave/ECR (GHz frequency), and polarized source types. Experimental work also includes beam chopping, space-charge lenses, optimized negative ion extraction systems, and beam diagnostics. The negative ion production mechanisms are volume (pure hydrogen or deuterium discharge) and surface production using cesium or other alkali metal to catalyze negative ion production. Theoretical analyses include plasma chemistry, particle-in-cell modeling, and H-/D- extraction physics simulations. The main applications for H- sources are in high-energy neutral beam injectors for fusion reactors and H- sources for charge exchange injection into synchrotrons or spallation neutron source storage rings.
Download or read book Negative Ions written by Sir Harrie Stewart Wilson Massey and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Negative Ions written by Boris Mikhaĭlovich Smirnov and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1982 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Formation of Negative Ions in the Gases S02 N20 C02 H2S and written by Howard Tatel and published by . This book was released on 1935 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S Government Research Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 2180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Double Layers Potential Formation And Related Nonlinear Phenomena In Plasmas Proceedings Of The 5th Symposium written by Sendai "Plasma Forum" and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-02-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with modern plasma physics and engineering, focusing on space, laboratory and fusion-oriented plasmas. It is topical and pedagogical in nature.
Download or read book Negative Ions Beams and Sources written by Elizabeth Surrey and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2009-04-03 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All papers have been peer-reviewed. The Symposium covers all aspects of negative ion production in plasma sources, their extraction into particle beams and subsequent transport, neutralization and exploitation. It is of interest to researchers in plasma physics, particle accelerators and fusion. It is the only international symposium dedicated to negative ion sources and beams.
Download or read book Enhanced Negative Ion Formation Via Electron Attachment to Electronically excited States written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
