Download or read book General Equilibrium of International Discrimination written by Jaroslav Vanek and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1965 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps the most important economic development of recent years has been the integration process engaged in by European countries. Today other groups of countries throughout the world either contemplate or have already undertaken similar courses of action. Although professional economists have already devoted much attention to the subject, considerable work remains to be done. The present study represents an attempt to advance our scientific knowledge in this direction. This work is entirely theoretical and fully deductive. Its contribution lies both in the method used and in the conclusions reached. In contrast to most previous studies of customs unions and economic integration, exclusive use is made of general-equilibrium analysis. Because interpretation of mathematical results bearing on comparative statistics of suboptimal situations was found impossible, the author has depended wholly upon geometry. While the geometrical method does not allow inclusion of large numbers of variables, it often leads to, or at least intuitively suggests, important generalizations. The findings, summarized in 107 points at the end of the study, can be classified in two distinct categories. On the one hand, a number of results are derived concerning the trade effects of international discrimination and customs unions--that is, the effects on the volumes of exports and imports and on relative international values. On the other hand, the more important portions of this work study the effects of customs unions on the welfare of the union, the welfare of the rest of the world, and the global efficiency of resource allocation in the world as a whole. Inter-country welfare comparisons and the use of cardinal utility indexes are entirely avoided. Rather, the author uses the concept of ordinal utility, and makes extensive use of utility-possibility analysis. With respect to the latter, the study of customs unions actually suggests a new method applicable to a wide range of other suboptimal situations in general equilibrium.
Download or read book A General Equilibrium Model of International Discrimination written by Richard Berner and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economics of Discrimination written by Gary S. Becker and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-08-15 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Gary S. Becker's The Economics of Discrimination has been expanded to include three further discussions of the problem and an entirely new introduction which considers the contributions made by others in recent years and some of the more important problems remaining. Mr. Becker's work confronts the economic effects of discrimination in the market place because of race, religion, sex, color, social class, personality, or other non-pecuniary considerations. He demonstrates that discrimination in the market place by any group reduces their own real incomes as well as those of the minority. The original edition of The Economics of Discrimination was warmly received by economists, sociologists, and psychologists alike for focusing the discerning eye of economic analysis upon a vital social problem—discrimination in the market place. "This is an unusual book; not only is it filled with ingenious theorizing but the implications of the theory are boldly confronted with facts. . . . The intimate relation of the theory and observation has resulted in a book of great vitality on a subject whose interest and importance are obvious."—M.W. Reder, American Economic Review "The author's solution to the problem of measuring the motive behind actual discrimination is something of a tour de force. . . . Sociologists in the field of race relations will wish to read this book."—Karl Schuessler, American Sociological Review
Download or read book Gender Discrimination in Competitive Markets written by Sugata Marjit and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We propose a competitive general equilibrium theory of gender discrimination in labor market where male and female workers are equally productive, but the female workers are deliberately paid less than the male due to subjective discrimination. Pioneering works of Becker (1957) and Arrow (1973), in terms of partial equilibrium models, have argued that the forces of competition would restrict subjective discrimination which leads to increasing cost for a firm and reduce the return to capital. In contrast, using a general equilibrium framework as in Jones (1965), we show that discrimination can perpetuate even in perfectly competitive markets. We also show that the return to capital can increase with discrimination if the capital intensive sector is also female worker dominated. If international trade policy, or any competitive price shock, reduces return to capital, increasing discrimination may be attempted to compensate the capital. Thus, policy intervention may be essential to contain discrimination in competitive markets.
Download or read book Finance Development September 2014 written by International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter discusses various past and future aspects of the global economy. There has been a huge transformation of the global economy in the last several years. Articles on the future of energy in the global economy by Jeffrey Ball and on measuring inequality by Jonathan Ostry and Andrew Berg are also illustrated. Since the 2008 global crisis, global economists must change the way they look at the world.
Download or read book A General Equilibrium Model of Sovereign Default and Business Cycles written by Vivian Z. Yue and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging markets business cycle models treat default risk as part of an exogenous interest rate on working capital, while sovereign default models treat income fluctuations as an exogenous endowment process with ad-noc default costs. We propose instead a general equilibrium model of both sovereign default and business cycles. In the model, some imported inputs require working capital financing; default on public and private obligations occurs simultaneously. The model explains several features of cyclical dynamics around default triggers an efficiency loss as these inputs are replaced by imperfect substitutes; and default on public and private obligations occurs simultaneously. The model explains several features of cyclical dynamics around deraults, countercyclical spreads, high debt ratios, and key business cycle moments.
Download or read book General Equilibrium Theory and International Trade written by Takashi Negishi and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Welfare Economics of International Trade written by Murray C. Kemp and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1993 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book International Economic Integration Theory and measurement written by Miroslav Jovanovic and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1998 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Globalizations and Emerging Issues in Trade Theory and Policy written by Hamid Beladi and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a collection of research findings on topical issues in international trade theory and policy. This work deals with trade liberalization and outsourcing. It examines trading clubs and preferential trading agreements. It features six chapters on the various aspects of trade and aid.
Download or read book Economic Discrimination Against the United States in Western Europe 1945 1958 written by Otto Hieronymi and published by Librairie Droz. This book was released on 1973 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economics of Trade Protection written by Neil Vousden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-08-31 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades there has been a gradual but fundamental change in the nature of trade protection. Even as international negotiation has succeeded in reducing tariffs to low levels, national governments have resorted to a range of increasingly intricate policies to protect their domestic industries from foreign competition. Direct quantitative restrictions on international trade have become particularly widespread. Such nontariff barriers often have very different effects from tariffs and require careful analysis in their own right. This book presents a systematic overview of the modern theory of trade protection. The material in the book divides naturally into four sections. The first section covers trade restrictions in competitive markets, the second trade restrictions and imperfect competition, the third the political economy of trade protection, and the fourth the theory of policy reform. The presentation makes extensive use of diagrams, with the more difficult mathematics included in six appendixes.
Download or read book Open Regionalism and Trade Liberalization written by Ross Garnaut and published by Institute of Southeast Asian. This book was released on 1996 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Open Regionalism is regional economic co-operation without discrimination against countries outside the region. The concept grew from the experience of rapid growth, and expanding trade and investment across national borders, in East Asia and the Pacific. It became the guiding idea of Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation. It is now recognized as being the means through which the growing appeal of regional trading arrangements can be reconciled with a flourishing global trade system within the framework of the new World Trade Organization.
Download or read book An Introduction to the History of Economic Thought in Central Europe written by Julius Horvath and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the comparative history of economic thought in Central European countries where there is a notable common historic heritage and political traits. The author explores issues of Central European identity, Habsburgian and Soviet influence, and nationalistic traditions, and reveals commonalities between Czech, Hungarian, Polish and Slovak economic thought: such similarities proceed to explain aspects of contemporary economic and social policies in these countries. This book aims to highlight connections among Central European economists and will be of interest to economists, economic historians, sociologists and historians.
Download or read book Trade Theory and Econometrics written by James R. Melvin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together cutting edge contributions in the fields of international economics, micro theory, welfare economics and econometrics, with contributions from Donald R. Davis, Avinash K. Dixit, Tadashi Inoue, Ronald W. Jones, Dale W. Jorgenson, K. Rao Kadiyala, Murray C. Kemp, Kenneth M. Kletzer, Anne O. Krueger, Mukul Majumdar, Daniel McFadden, Lionel McKenzie, James R. Melvin, James C. Moore, Takashi Negishi, Yoshihiko Otani, Raymond Riezman, Paul A. Samuelson, Joaquim Silvestre and Marie Thursby.
Download or read book Government Policy and Food Imports written by Grant MacDonald Scobie and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 1981 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research report on food policy and wheat imports in Egypt - examines the historical background to, and recent trends in wheat policy; describes an econometric model of wheat imports; discusses economic implications for food policy. Bibliography, graphs, statistical tables.
Download or read book Product Standards Imperfect Competition and Completion of the Market in the European Union written by Glenn W. Harrison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling the static and steady- state effects on trade, production, and market structure of completion of the European Union's internal market.
