Download or read book General Activity and Maintenance Behavior of Coyotes in Captivity written by Leonard Waldemar Mottus and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General activity and maintenance behavior of six captive coyotes (Canis latrans) was studied near Edmonton, Alberta. The general activity was associated with several meteorological elements. The animals were diurnal in their activity pattern, with the peak of activity occurring shortly after dawn. The highest levels of activity occurred at 30 to 60°F, low relative humidity, and low barometric pressure, with pressure influencing activity the most. Winds of less than 14 miles per hour stimulated activity, while winds of more than 14 miles per hour reduced activity, especially if accompanied by a falling pressure. The possibility of a lunar influence on barometric pressure and general activity was also discussed. Maintenance as a non-social behavior exhibited by coyotes in captivity was studied primarily in one litter (two males and one female). Meteorological elements appeared to be of secondary importance in the location of the bed site, with the structural characteristics of the cage being most important. The behavior associated with lying down was discussed. The significance of scratching, biting, and licking was presented. No seIf-grooming patterns of rubbing or rolling were observed. Elimination in captivity appeared to occur at a reduced frequency, probably because of the lack of novelty in the cage. Pre-elimination exploration suggests that both sexes are involved in scent marking. The postures of elimination are similar to those of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris), although the males never displayed the leg-lifting posture of urination. Urination sites appeared to be randomly distributed, while defecation sites appeared to be located away from the bed site.
Download or read book Spatial and Behavioral Patterns of Captive Coyotes written by Jeffrey T. Schultz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental enrichment is a technique used at many captive animal facilities that can improve the well-being of their animals. It seeks to enhance habitat features and promote natural behavior by providing a variety of practical ways for captive animals to control their environmental settings, especially during stressful circumstances. Enclosure features, such as shelter structures, are one tool that promotes wild behavior by adding complexity to an enclosure's physical environment. Enrichment efforts for captive wildlife are most effective when they are specialized to the biological needs of the animals. Human activity may alter captive animal behavior and utility of enclosure features, and there is concern that human presence can negatively impact the welfare of some captive animals. Captive coyotes (Canis latrans) at the USDA-National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) Predator Research Facility in Millville, UT, USA, are maintained for research on biology, ecology, physiology and behavior. Coyotes at the research facility are routinely noticed utilizing shelter structures to hide, rest, and display vigilant behavior. Because they regularly use these simple structures, new and more complex enrichment shelter structures were installed to be evaluated. Specific research objectives aimed to assess (1) coyote enclosure utilization and shelter structure preferences, and (2) coyote spatial and behavioral responses to human activity. Using 32 mated coyote pairs rotated through eight 1.5-acre enclosures for 28-day trials over the winter months (January - March) of 2015 and 2016, spatial and behavioral patterns were monitored via the implementation of GPS-collars and live behavioral observations. Coyotes showed preference for shelter structure designs, but still spent most of their time at the perimeter and open areas of their enclosures. Complex structures were preferred over simple structures. Coyotes most often demonstrated inactive and vigilant behavior without human activity, but showed increased vigilance when there was human activity. Human activity also stimulated coyotes to become more active than inactive and reduce their utilization of enrichment structures. Although there was no clear preference for one specific type of enrichment structure, composite evidence from GPS-collars and behavioral data suggest the ramp may have heightened biological suitability. This study advances the knowledge of captive coyote spatial patterns and helps improve environmental enrichment planning for captive animals by exploring effective methods of adding complexity to animal enclosures.
Download or read book Canadian Theses written by National Library of Canada and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Social Status and Learning on Captive Coyote Canis Latrans Behavior written by Lynne Barbara Gilbert-Norton and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many canids live within hierarchical social systems that could promote differences in learning or in behavior between ranked individuals. Differences in foraging and territorial behavior have been observed between ranked coyotes (Canis latrans), yet effects of learning and social status on coyote behavior are not thoroughly understood. I explored a) coyote response to an artificial scent boundary and whether response differed by status, b) how foraging coyotes tracked temporal resource change, and c) how coyotes find spatially distributed food, and the effect of dominance on foraging behavior. I used male/female pairs of captive coyotes at the National Wildlife Research Center Predator Research Facility in Utah. Prior to testing, I identified social rank within pairs by testing for food dominance. In study 1, I laid a scent boundary and monitored space use with GPS and observed behavioral responses directly. All coyotes investigated and crossed the boundary, but were repelled more by human presence. Subordinates investigated and marked the boundary more than dominants. Further investigation is needed to mimic natural boundaries for management purposes. In study 2, I gave eight individual coyotes an operant test with concurrent variable interval (VI) schedules. I varied the ratio of resources and measured the time spent on two choices, then fitted the generalized matching equation to the data. I found that all coyotes efficiently tracked changes in resource ratios and matched their relative rate of foraging time to relative rate of resources. Matching theory provides an effective methodology to explore foraging strategies and behavioral flexibility in coyotes. In study 3, I tested 16 coyotes in a spatial foraging task. Coyotes searched for food in eight potential locations, and were tested individually and in respective pairs. I recorded the area and number of locations searched, approach time, and frequency of marking by dominant and subordinate coyotes. Results showed individual subordinates increased efficiency by relocating, but their efficiency decreased when foraging in pairs. Dominant coyotes did not increase efficiency in company by following subordinates. Coyotes marked the correct feeder more than incorrect feeders. Results suggest coyotes use memory and odor (scent marks) to find food, but that social status overrules information use.
Download or read book Predator Damage in the West written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coyotes written by Marc Bekoff and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1978, this text pulls together much disparate research in coyote evolution, taxonomy, reproduction, communication, behavioral development, population dynamics, and ecological studies in the Southwest, Minnesota, Iowa, New England, and Wyoming. (Animals/Pets)
Download or read book U S Fish and Wildlife Service s Mammalian Predator Damage Management for Livestock Protection in the Western United States written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inhibition of Predatory Attacks by Captive Coyotes Conditioned Avoidance for a Repellent Prey and Its Mimics written by Daniel Bernard Fagre and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Zoo Animal Welfare written by Terry Maple and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zoo Animal Welfare thoroughly reviews the scientific literature on the welfare of zoo and aquarium animals. Maple and Perdue draw from the senior author’s 24 years of experience as a zoo executive and international leader in the field of zoo biology. The authors’ academic training in the interdisciplinary field of psychobiology provides a unique perspective for evaluating the ethics, practices, and standards of modern zoos and aquariums. The book offers a blueprint for the implementation of welfare measures and an objective rationale for their widespread use. Recognizing the great potential of zoos, the authors have written an inspirational book to guide the strategic vision of superior, welfare-oriented institutions. The authors speak directly to caretakers working on the front lines of zoo management, and to the decision-makers responsible for elevating the priority of animal welfare in their respective zoo. In great detail, Maple and Perdue demonstrate how zoos and aquariums can be designed to achieve optimal standards of welfare and wellness.
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Zoology written by and published by . This book was released on 2011-07 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildlife Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Canadian Field naturalist written by and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Code of Federal Regulations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Special edition of the Federal Register, containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect ... with ancillaries.
Download or read book Introduced Mammals of the World written by John L Long and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2003-08-14 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner in the Scholarly Reference section of the 2004 Australian Awards for Excellence in Educational Publishing. Introduced Mammals of the World provides a concise and extensive source of information on the range of introductions of mammals conducted by humans, and an indication as to which have resulted in adverse outcomes. It provides a very valuable tool by which scientists can assess future potential introductions (or re-introductions) to avoid costly mistakes. It also provides tangible proof of the need for political decision makers to consider good advice and make wise and cautious decisions. Introduced Mammals of the World also provides a comprehensive reference to students of ecological systems management and biological conservation. This book is a companion volume to Introduced Birds of the World, by the same author, published in 1981, and which remains the premier text of its kind in the world more than twenty years after it was published. Introduced Mammals of the World provides the most comprehensive account of the movement of mammals around the world providing details on the date(s) of introduction, the person/agency responsible, the source populations, the location(s) of release, the fate of the introductions, and the impact if known, for over 300 species of mammal.
Download or read book The Wild Canids written by Michael W. Fox and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of: New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, c1975. -- (Behavioral science series)
Download or read book Mammalian Predator Damage of Livestock written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
