Download or read book Gender Differences in Patenting in the Academic Life Sciences written by Waverly W. Ding and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze longitudinal data on academic careers and conduct interviews with faculty members to determine the scope and causes of the gender gap in patenting among life scientists over a 30-year period show that women faculty members patent at about 40 percent of the rate of men. We find that the gender gap has been improving over time, although it remains large.

Download or read book Patent Intensity and Economic Growth written by Daniel Benoliel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic growth has traditionally been attributed to the increase in national production arising from technological innovation. Using a panel of seventy-nine countries bridging the North-South divide, Patent Intensity and Economic Growth is an important empirical study on the uncertain relationship between patents and economic growth. It considers the impact of one-size-fits-all patent policies on developing countries and their innovation-based economic growth, including those policies originating from the World Intellectual Property Organization, the World Trade Organization and the World Health Organization, as well as initiatives derived from the TRIPS Agreement and the Washington Consensus. This book argues against patent harmonization across countries and provides an analytical framework for country group coalitioning on policy at UN level. It will appeal to scholars and students of patent law, national and international policy makers, venture capitalist investors, and research and development managers, as well as researchers in intellectual property, innovation and economic growth.

Download or read book Patent Law and Women written by Jessica C. Lai and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the gendered nature of patent law and the knowledge governance system it supports. The vast majority of patented inventions are attributed to male inventors. While this has resulted in arguments that there are not enough women working in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, this book maintains that the issue lies with the very nature of patent law and how it governs knowledge. The reason why fewer women patent than men is that patent law and the knowledge governance system it supports are gendered. This book deconstructs patent law to reveal the multiple gendered binaries it embodies, and how these in turn reflect gendered understandings of what constitutes science and an invention, and a scientist and an inventor. Revealing the inherent biases of the patent system, as well as its reliance on an idea of the public domain, the book argues that an egalitarian knowledge governance system must go beyond socialised binaries to better govern knowledge creation, dissemination and maintenance. This book will appeal to scholars and policymakers in the field of patent law, as well as those in law and other disciplines with interests in law, gender and technology.

Download or read book From Scarcity to Visibility written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-10-16 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although women have made important inroads in science and engineering since the early 1970s, their progress in these fields has stalled over the past several years. This study looks at women in science and engineering careers in the 1970s and 1980s, documenting differences in career outcomes between men and women and between women of different races and ethnic backgrounds. The panel presents what is known about the following questions and explores their policy implications: In what sectors are female Ph.D.s employed? What salary disparities exist between men and women in these fields? How is marital status associated with career attainment? Does it help a career to have a postdoctoral appointment? How well are female scientists and engineers represented in management? Within the broader context of education and the labor market, the book provides detailed comparisons between men and women Ph.D.s in a number of measures: financial support for education, academic rank achieved, salary, and others. The study covers engineering; the mathematical, physical, life, and social and behavioral sciences; medical school faculty; and recipients of National Institutes of Health grants. Findings and recommendations in this volume will be of interest to practitioners, faculty, and students in science and engineering as well as education administrators, employers, and researchers in these fields.

Download or read book Great Debates in Gender and Law written by Rosemary Auchmuty and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first textbook to consider gender perspectives in relation to the whole undergraduate law curriculum in England and Wales. Gender is of central importance in every area of law and every area of people's lives but is rarely mentioned in the formal LLB syllabus; this book is designed to fill some of those gaps. 18 chapters, written by experts in the field, cover all the core modules on the English LLB together with 11 of the most popular options. Aimed at students and lecturers on undergraduate and postgraduate Gender and Law modules, the book will also be useful for all LLB and LLM students studying English law, who may use it to accompany their studies from their first to their final year, and also for prospective law students, legal scholars from outside England and Wales, and scholars in other disciplines.

Download or read book Identifying the gender of PCT inventors written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2016 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the gender of inventors in international patent applications. We compile a worldwide gender-name dictionary, which includes 6.2 million names for 182 different countries to disambiguate the gender of PCT inventors. Our results suggest that there is a gender imbalance in PCT applications, but the proportion of women inventors is improving over time. We also find that the rates of women participation differ substantially across countries, technological fields and sectors.

Download or read book A Lab of My Own written by Neena B. Schwartz and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What was it like to be a woman scientist battling the “old boy’s” network during the 1960s and 1970s? Neena Schwartz, a prominent neuroendocrinologist at Northwestern University, tells all. She became a successful scientist and administrator at a time when few women entered science and fewer succeeded in establishing independent laboratories. She describes her personal career struggles, and those of others in academia, as well as the events which lead to the formation of the Association of Women in Science, and Women in Endocrinology, two national organizations, which have been successful in increasing the numbers of women scientists and their influence in their fields.The book intersperses this socio-political story with an account of Schwartz’s personal life as a lesbian and a description of her research on the role of hormones in regulating reproductive cycles. In a chapter titled “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,” she examines the “evidence” from a scientist’s point of view for the hormonal and genetic theories for homosexuality. Other chapters provide advice on mentoring young scientists and a discourse on why it matters to all of us to have more women doing and teaching science. She also describes the process of putting together an interdisciplinary Center on Reproductive Science at Northwestern, which brought together basic and clinical scientists in an internationally recognized program of research and practice.

Download or read book A Research Agenda for Entrepreneurship and Innovation written by David B. Audretsch and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies and explains the most salient opportunities for future research in the fields of entrepreneurship and innovation. It draws on the experiences and insights of leading scholars in the world on a broad array of rich and promising topics, ranging from entrepreneurial ecosystems to finance and to the role of universities.

Download or read book Leadership and the Sexes written by Michael Gurian and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-28 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Gurian's trademark use of brain science in gender studies together with real life examples of what is currently happening in business leadership make this an important resource for businesses and organizations. It provides new vision and useful practical applications, helping women and men in the workplace become more effective and fulfilled, and ultimately helping businesses and business leaders realize increased profits. Through examples and case studies from companies like Kodak, Nike, Nintendo, Home Depot, Proctor & Gamble, Avon, and Disney, the book shows readers how ignoring gender diversity actually impedes the true potential of any business.

Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Global Female Entrepreneurship written by Colette Henry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature in female entrepreneurship has witnessed significant development in the last 30 years, with the research emphasis shifting from purely descriptive explorations towards a clear effort to embed research within highly informed conceptual frameworks. With contributions from leading and emerging researchers, The Routledge Companion to Global Female Entrepreneurship brings together the latest international research, concepts and thinking in the area. With a strong international dimension, this book will facilitate comparative discussion and analysis on all aspects of female entrepreneurship, including start-ups, socio-economic influences, entrepreneurial capital and minority entrepreneurship. Reflecting the subject’s growing importance for researchers, academics and policy makers as well as those involved in supporting women’s entrepreneurship through training programmes, networks, consultancy or the provision of venture capital, The Routledge Companion to Global Female Entrepreneurship will be an invaluable reference resource.

Download or read book Technology and Organization written by Nelson X. Phillips and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-02 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Joan Woodward, one of the founding figures of organization studies, died in 1971 at the age of 54 after a relatively brief but highly distinguished career as a management researcher and teacher, and just six years after the publication of her book "Industrial Organization".

Download or read book Gender and Entrepreneurial Activity written by Albert N. Link and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing interest in the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial activity. In this book, 37 eminent scholars from diverse academic disciplines contribute cutting-edge research that addresses, from a gender perspective, three general areas of importance: key characteristics of entrepreneurs, key performance attributes of entrepreneurial firms, and the role of financial capital in the establishment and growth of entrepreneurial firms and in their growth.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Gifted Education written by Carolyn M. Callahan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of gifted education is characterized by a confusing array of perspectives concerning such fundamental issues as definition, philosophy, curriculum, social and emotional development, and underserved populations. The mission of this book is to provide a coherent framework that instructors and service providers can use in planning effective programs, providing appropriate counseling services, and evaluating programs for the gifted. Most sections are organized around fundamental issues confronting the field and follow a common structure: an introductory chapter that provides historical and theoretical background and organizing questions followed by several point-of-view chapters written by experts that provide varied perspectives on the topic at hand. Distinguishing Features Comprehensive Coverage - The book's forty-five manageable-length chapters cover the full range of topics that must be considered in planning programs and services for gifted students both within and outside of school. Coherent Structure - Section introductions provide background information and organizing questions to guide chapter authors who provide varying views of the issue at hand. The emphasis is not on the "right way" or the "wrong way" (except when clearly documented bad practice is discussed), but on how best practice stems from well-informed and logical decision-making. Decision Making Focus - The book's introductory chapter addresses the need for a clearly developed and consistently applied set of values to guide decision making. Likewise, each section introduction includes a decision making framework regarding some aspect of educating, counseling, or parenting gifted students. This book is appropriate for introductory level courses in gifted education or courses in program development and planning. It is also suitable for school personnel responsible for making program planning decisions in the area of gifted education and for academic libraries with holdings in this area.

Download or read book Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science Engineering and Mathematics Faculty written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty presents new and surprising findings about career differences between female and male full-time, tenure-track, and tenured faculty in science, engineering, and mathematics at the nation's top research universities. Much of this congressionally mandated book is based on two unique surveys of faculty and departments at major U.S. research universities in six fields: biology, chemistry, civil engineering, electrical engineering, mathematics, and physics. A departmental survey collected information on departmental policies, recent tenure and promotion cases, and recent hires in almost 500 departments. A faculty survey gathered information from a stratified, random sample of about 1,800 faculty on demographic characteristics, employment experiences, the allocation of institutional resources such as laboratory space, professional activities, and scholarly productivity. This book paints a timely picture of the status of female faculty at top universities, clarifies whether male and female faculty have similar opportunities to advance and succeed in academia, challenges some commonly held views, and poses several questions still in need of answers. This book will be of special interest to university administrators and faculty, graduate students, policy makers, professional and academic societies, federal funding agencies, and others concerned with the vitality of the U.S. research base and economy.

Download or read book The Changing Frontier written by Adam B. Jaffe and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1945, Vannevar Bush, founder of Raytheon and one-time engineering dean at MIT, delivered a report to the president of the United States that argued for the importance of public support for science, and the importance of science for the future of the nation. The report, Science: The Endless Frontier, set America on a path toward strong and well-funded institutions of science, creating an intellectual architecture that still defines scientific endeavor today. In The Changing Frontier, Adam B. Jaffe and Benjamin Jones bring together a group of prominent scholars to consider the changes in science and innovation in the ensuing decades. The contributors take on such topics as changes in the organization of scientific research, the geography of innovation, modes of entrepreneurship, and the structure of research institutions and linkages between science and innovation. An important analysis of where science stands today, The Changing Frontier will be invaluable to practitioners and policy makers alike.

Download or read book Gender Diversity and Innovation written by Owalla, Beldina and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-05-06 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together leading European scholars, this thought-provoking Research Handbook provides a state-of-the-art overview of the scope of research and current thinking in the area of European data protection. Offering critical insights on prominent strands of research, it examines key challenges and potential solutions in the field. Chapters explore the fundamental right to personal data protection, government-to-business data sharing, data protection as performance-based regulation, privacy and marketing in data-driven business models, data protection and judicial automation, and the role of consent in an algorithmic society.

Download or read book Innovation Policy and the Economy written by Adam B. Jaffe and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007-02-09 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists discuss the effect of public policy on the innovation process, with topics that include productivity in the pharmaceutical industry, economic incentives for producers of digital goods, and a science of crisis management.