Download or read book Gas Around Galaxies and Cluster written by Joo Heon Yoon and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence of warm (T10super5/super K) and cold (T10super4/super K) gas and the dependence of its properties on environment are investigated in this thesis. Gas is a fundamental source of fuel for stars and galaxies and therefore it is an important tool for understanding galaxy evolution. We completed the first systematic survey of QSO absorption line observations in a galaxy cluster. In addition to these absorption line data, atomic hydrogen data of spiral galaxies in the Virgo Cluster are used to study (1) the distribution and flows of Ly&alpha absorbers, i.e., warm gas, in and around a galaxy cluster, (2) the effect of environment on the circumgalactic medium, and (3) the cause of neutral hydrogen gas extended beyond optical disks. Little warm gas is detected in the cluster center while there is abundant warm gas in the cluster outskirts and in the places where the Virgo substructures exist. The cluster is fully surrounded by low column density (NsubHI/sub &sim 10super13/super cm

Download or read book The Interaction of Gas and Galaxies Within Galaxy Clusters written by Jill Cornell Tarter and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spectral Constraints on Models of Gas in Clusters of Galaxies written by Mark J. Henriksen and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thermal Properties of the Gas in Early type Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters written by Rachel L.S. Frisbie and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the baryons, or "normal" matter, found in galaxies and galaxy clusters are found in the hot, X-ray emitting gas known as the circumgalactic medium (CGM) or intracluster medium (ICM). The hot gas traces the gravitational potential well and is affected by both thermal and gravitational processes, so we use observations of the hot gas to explore changes across the galaxy or cluster's radius. Heating and cooling in the central regions of galaxies and clusters is primarily driven by feedback processes, including Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) and Type Ia supernovae. We can use X-ray observations of the hot gas to understand its thermal history and how the various feedback mechanisms affect the gas at small and large radii. Furthermore, we use X-ray gas properties (temperature, density, entropy, concentration, centroid shift, and power ratios) to characterize galaxies and clusters, understand their evolution, and classify them in meaningful ways. The combination of observations along with theoretical models and simulations explored in this thesis provides key insight into understanding how feedback processes affect the hot gas.I begin by presenting gas property results for a uniformly reduced sample of 348 galaxy clusters and show how those results can be used to characterize the sample and for further galaxy cluster science. I will then turn my focus to early-type galaxies for the remainder of this work. I examine a sample of 12 nearby early-type galaxies with powerful radio sources and find that IC 4296 exhibits unusually low central entropy as previously observed in NGC 4261. We also find some evidence that the minimum of the ratio between the cooling time and free-fall time, if it occurs at the galaxy center, may indicate the presence of a powerful radio source. Finally, I examine the galactic atmospheres of a sample of 49 early-type galaxies. I will show that the equilibrium pressure and density radial profiles for single- and multiphase galaxies agree with the Voit et al. (2020) theoretical model. I also find evidence for a correlation between the central velocity dispersion and entropy profile slope of the galaxies in the sample that agrees with the theoretical model.

Download or read book Cooling Flows in Clusters and Galaxies written by A.C. Fabian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray astronomers discovered the diffuse gas in clusters of galaxies about 20 years ago. It was later realized that the central gas density in some clusters, and in elliptical galaxies, is so high that radiative cooling is a significant energy loss. The cooling time of the gas decreases rapidly towards the centre of the cluster or galaxy and is less than a Hubble time within the innermost few hundred kiloparsecs. This results in a cooling flow in which the gas density rises in order to maintain pressure to support the weight of the overlying gas. The rate at which mass is deposited by the flow is inferred to be several hundreds of solar masses per year in some clusters. The fraction of clusters in which cooling flows are found may exceed 50 per cent. Small flows probably occur in most normal elliptical galaxies that are not in rich clusters. The implications of this simple phenomenon are profound, for we appear to be witnessing the ongoing formation of the central galaxy. In particular, since most of the gas is undetected once it cools below about 3 million K, it appears to form dark matter. There is no reason why it should be detectable with current techniques if each cooling proton only recombines once and the matter condenses into objects of low mass.

Download or read book Clusters of Galaxies Beyond the Thermal View written by Jelle Kaastra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existence of soft excess emission originating from clusters of galaxies, de ned as em- sion detected below 1 keV in excess over the usual thermal emission from hot intracluster gas (hereafter the ICM) has been claimed since 1996. Soft excesses are particularly - portant to detect because they may (at least partly) be due to thermal emission from the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium, where as much as half of the baryons of the Universe could be. They are therefore of fundamental cosmological importance. Soft excess emission has been observed (and has also given rise to controversy) in a number of clusters, mainly raising the following questions: (1) Do clusters really show a soft excess? (2) If so, from what spatial region(s) of the cluster does the soft excess or- inate? (3) Is this excess emission thermal, originating from warm-hot intergalactic gas (at 6 temperatures of?10 K), or non-thermal, in which case several emission mechanisms have been proposed. Interestingly, some of the non-thermal mechanisms suggested to account for soft excess emission can also explain the hard X-ray emission detected in some clusters, for example by RXTE and BeppoSAX (also see Petrosian et al. 2008—Chap. 10, this issue; Rephaeli et al. 2008—Chap. 5, this issue).

Download or read book Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters IAU C195 written by International Astronomical Union. Colloquium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-12-16 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Colloquium no. 195, held in Torino, Italy in 2004. The meeting investigated the formation of galaxies within a full cosmological context, focusing on the outer regions of galaxy clusters. The observed correlation of optical and radio properties of galaxies with their environment indicates that the formation and evolution of galaxies is intimately linked to the formation of large scale structure. With chapters written by leading authorities in the field, this timely volume investigates the role of the environment in determining the properties of galaxies. It describes the distribution of matter and galaxies on the largest scales in the Universe, the processes of cluster and galaxy formation, their role and interplay. This is a valuable collection of review articles for professional astronomers.

Download or read book TheInteraction of Gas and Galaxies Within Galaxy Clusters written by Jill Cornell Tarter and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters written by L. Feretti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers are the mechanisms by which galaxy clusters are assembled through the hierarchical growth of smaller clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the Universe since the Big Bang. Many of the observed properties of clusters depend on the physics of the merging process. These include substructure, shock, intra cluster plasma temperature and entropy structure, mixing of heavy elements within the intra cluster medium, acceleration of high-energy particles, formation of radio halos and the effects on the galaxy radio emission. This book reviews our current understanding of cluster merging from an observational and theoretical perspective, and is appropriate for both graduate students and researchers in the field.

Download or read book Gas Flow in Galaxies and Clusters written by James Christopher Baker and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Clusters of Galaxies Physics and Cosmology written by Andrei M. Bykov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-10-31 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clusters of galaxies are large assemblies of galaxies, hot gas and dark matter bound together by gravity. Galaxy clusters are now one of the most important cosmological probes to test the standard cosmological models. Constraints on the Dark Energy equation of state from the cluster number density measurements, deviations from the Gaussian perturbation models, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect as well as the dark matter proles are among the issues to be studied with clusters. The baryonic composition of clusters is dominated by hot gas that is in quasi-hydrostatic equilibrium within the dark matter-dominated gravitational potential well of the cluster. The hot gas is visible through spatially extended thermal X-ray emission, and it has been studied extensively both for assessing its physical properties and as a tracer of the large-scale structure of the Universe. Magnetic fields as well as a number of non-thermal plasma processes play a role in clusters of galaxies as we observe from radioastronomical observations. The goal of this volume is to review these processes and to investigate how they are interlinked. Overall, these papers provide a timely and comprehensive review of the multi-wavelength observations and theoretical understanding of clusters of galaxies in the cosmological context. Thus, the volume will be particularly useful to postgraduate students and researchers active in various areas of astrophysics and space science. Originally published in Space Science Reviews in the Topical Collection "Clusters of Galaxies: Physics and Cosmology"

Download or read book Gas Around Galaxies as a Probe of Structure Formation and Galaxy Evolution written by Yakov Faerman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cooling Flows in Clusters and Galaxies written by A C Fabian and published by . This book was released on 1988-05-31 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Heating versus Cooling in Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies written by Hans Böhringer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-27 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume documents recent developments that have advanced our understanding of the heating and cooling mechanisms in galaxies and galaxy clusters. Chapters detail results from multi-wavelength observations and advances in numerical hydrodynamical simulations. An additional section covers new research findings on feedback and self-regulatory mechanisms during cosmic structure formation in general and in galaxy formation in particular.

Download or read book Molecular Gas Dust and Star Formation in Galaxies IAU S292 written by Tony Wong and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our knowledge of the molecular gas content in galaxies has advanced rapidly in the past decade with systematic surveys from ground-based radio facilities, coupled with advances in observations and modeling of the thermal dust emission associated with the gas. This Symposium Proceedings provides a timely overview of the latest observations of molecular gas and dust in the Milky Way and in other galaxies. It also covers related topics including the initial conditions for star formation, observational tracers of star formation and interstellar conditions, and simulations of the turbulent, multiphase interstellar medium. Featuring ten review articles by leaders in the field, and including early results and prospects for the ALMA observatory, this volume will prove especially useful for graduate students or scientists who are pursuing or planning research in this area.

Download or read book X Ray Emission from Clusters of Galaxies written by Craig L. Sarazin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-03-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1988, this book is a comprehensive survey of the astrophysical characteristics of the hot gas which pervades clusters of galaxies. In our universe, clusters of galaxies are the largest organised structures. Typically they comprise hundreds of galaxies moving through a region of space ten million light years in diameter. The volume between the galaxies is filled with gas having a temperature of 100 million degrees. This material is a strong source of cosmic X-rays. Dr Sarazin describes the theoretical description of the origin, dynamics, and physical state of the cluster gas. Observations by radio and optical telescopes are also summarised. This account is addressed to professional astronomers and to graduate students. It is an exhaustive summary of a rapidly expanding field of research in modern astrophysics.

Download or read book A Pan Chromatic View of Clusters of Galaxies and the Large Scale Structure written by Manolis Plionis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-02-17 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reviews presented in this volume cover a huge range of cluster of galaxies topics. Readers will find the book essential reading on subjects such as the physics of the ICM gas, the internal cluster dynamics, and the detection of clusters using different observational techniques. The expert chapter authors also cover the huge advances being made in analytical or numerical modeling of clusters, weak and strong lensing effects, and the large scale structure as traced by clusters.