Download or read book GAAP s Gap Part II written by M. A. Gumport and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has long recognized shortcomings in fundamental accounting principles that are exacerbated by the proliferation of increasingly complex financial instruments. The FASB has been engaged since 1986 in a project to align financial reporting with economic substance and improve consistency.The FASB recently issued its Preliminary Views. Key points are:- After a 22 year effort, the result should be good. It is not. - A carve out is provided to allow separate consideration at a future date for the treatment of compensation options. Until then, option compensation accounting (SFAS 123R), though flawed, is exempted. Hot potato!The FASB Preliminary Views lists two fundamental premises of accounting that contribute to engineered earnings and inconsistent reporting: 1) The definition of equity, and 2) The exclusion of equity items from the income statement. The FASB's proposed solution is to redefine equity and deals with only the first premise while ignoring the second. If adopted, the result will be a tedious, case by case dispute on whether an instrument qualifies to be treated as equity, and a crop of new securities will surely arise to skirt the revised rules. Meanwhile, a simple, comprehensive opportunity (the claims approach, part of a 1990 FASB Discussion Memorandum) to modernize accounting by marking equity to market within the income statement has been scrapped.
Download or read book Accounting for Risk Hedging and Complex Contracts written by A. Rashad Abdel-Khalik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the exponential growth in financial derivatives, accounting standards setters have had to keep pace and devise new ways of accounting for transactions involving these instruments, especially hedging activities. Accounting for Risk, Hedging and Complex Contracts addresses the essential elements of these developments, exploring accounting as related to today's most relevant topics - risk, hedging, insurance, reinsurance, and more. The book begins by providing a basic foundation by discussing the concepts of risk, risk types and measurement, and risk management. It then introduces readers to the nature and valuation of free standing options, swaps, forward and futures as well as of embedded derivatives. Discussion and illustrations of the cash flow hedge and fair value hedge accounting treatments are offered in both single currency and multiple currency environments, including hedging net investment in foreign operations. The final chapter is devoted to the disclosure of financial instruments and hedging activities. The combination of these topics makes the book a must-have resource and reference in the field. With discussions of the basic tools and instruments, examinations of the related accounting, and case studies to help students apply their knowledge, this book is an essential, self-contained source for upper-level undergraduate and masters accounting students looking develop an understanding of accounting for today’s financial realities.
Download or read book The SME Financing Gap Vol II Proceedings of the Brasilia Conference 27 30 March 2006 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A synthesis of the Conference discussions as well as selected papers on the credit and equity financing gaps, as well as on private equity definitions and measurements.
Download or read book SEC and Corporate Audits written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SEC and Corporate Audits Failure of ESM Government Securities written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to GAAP written by Stephen W. Lindsey and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accounting Reform and Investor Protection without special title written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-03-24 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policymakers and program managers are continually seeking ways to improve accountability in achieving an entity's mission. A key factor in improving accountability in achieving an entity's mission is to implement an effective internal control system. An effective internal control system helps an entity adapt to shifting environments, evolving demands, changing risks, and new priorities. As programs change and entities strive to improve operational processes and implement new technology, management continually evaluates its internal control system so that it is effective and updated when necessary. Section 3512 (c) and (d) of Title 31 of the United States Code (commonly known as the Federal Managers? Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)) requires the Comptroller General to issue standards for internal control in the federal government.
Download or read book Financial Institutions Reform Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 H R 1278 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Gap in the Perception of the GAAP written by Israel Klein and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial accounting is the language of the business world and generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) comprise its terminology. The dictionary-like use of GAAP in business discourse conveys a conception of accounting standards as definitional rules, i.e., as rules that merely provide consensual definitions for financial discourse without affecting the content of the discourse. As such, GAAP is believed to be neutral and bias-free and consequently, promulgation of accounting standards and the content of the GAAP have not attracted much legal attention.This article challenges the prevailing legal indifference towards the GAAP and those promulgating it. By revealing GAAP's effects on corporate behavior and on the function of many social, political and financial systems that utilize accounting parameters, this article discusses the substantive power private parties gain through the promulgation of accounting standards and how these standards imply a biased agenda that prefers the investor perspective over other contrary perspectives, thereby establishing a skewed financial perception of reality, such that subordinates the social order entirely to investors' objectives. While reviewing how the GAAP is perceived by the court, this article further argues that the existing legal perception of accounting standards as neutral definitional rules has yielded court rulings that relieved accounting standards promulgators from professional duties and has prevented judicial review of the standards themselves, leaving the GAAP and its promulgators practically immune to legal scrutiny.Attention is then drawn to a possible solution presented by a recent SEC proposal to allow domestic issuers to disclose supplemental IFRS-based financial results in addition to those required by the GAAP. It is suggested that such additional financial disclosure can curtail GAAP's hegemony, curb its promulgators and partially ease some of the existing biases of financial accounting.
Download or read book The English Dialect Dictionary D G written by Joseph Wright and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CFA Program Curriculum 2018 Level II written by CFA Institute and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-02 with total page 6455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the practical aspects of the CFA Program Curriculum with expert instruction for the 2018 exam The same official curricula that CFA Program candidates receive with program registration is now publicly available for purchase. CFA Program Curriculum 2018 Level II, Volumes 1-6 provides the complete Level II Curriculum for the 2018 exam, with practical instruction on the Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK) and how it is applied, including expert guidance on incorporating concepts into practice. Level II focuses on complex analysis with an emphasis on asset valuation, and is designed to help you use investment concepts appropriately in situations analysts commonly face. Coverage includes ethical and professional standards, quantitative analysis, economics, financial reporting and analysis, corporate finance, equities, fixed income, derivatives, alternative investments, and portfolio management organized into individual study sessions with clearly defined Learning Outcome Statements. Charts, graphs, figures, diagrams, and financial statements illustrate complex concepts to facilitate retention, and practice questions with answers allow you to gauge your understanding while reinforcing important concepts. While Level I introduced you to basic foundational investment skills, Level II requires more complex techniques and a strong grasp of valuation methods. This set dives deep into practical application, explaining complex topics to help you understand and retain critical concepts and processes. Incorporate analysis skills into case evaluations Master complex calculations and quantitative techniques Understand the international standards used for valuation and analysis Gauge your skills and understanding against each Learning Outcome Statement CFA Institute promotes the highest standards of ethics, education, and professional excellence among investment professionals. The CFA Program Curriculum guides you through the breadth of knowledge required to uphold these standards. The three levels of the program build on each other. Level I provides foundational knowledge and teaches the use of investment tools; Level II focuses on application of concepts and analysis, particularly in the valuation of assets; and Level III builds toward synthesis across topics with an emphasis on portfolio management.
Download or read book Accounting Reform and Investor Protection written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 107 2 Hearings Accounting Reform and Investor Protection S Hrg 107 948 Vol 2 March 5 6 14 19 20 and 21 2002 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Auditing Standards 2018 Revision written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-03-24 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Audits provide essential accountability and transparency over government programs. Given the current challenges facing governments and their programs, the oversight provided through auditing is more critical than ever. Government auditing provides the objective analysis and information needed to make the decisions necessary to help create a better future. The professional standards presented in this 2018 revision of Government Auditing Standards (known as the Yellow Book) provide a framework for performing high-quality audit work with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence to provide accountability and to help improve government operations and services. These standards, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), provide the foundation for government auditors to lead by example in the areas of independence, transparency, accountability, and quality through the audit process. This revision contains major changes from, and supersedes, the 2011 revision.
Download or read book Accounting for Investments Volume 1 written by R. Venkata Subramani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2008 financial crisis highlighted the need for responsible corporate governance within financial institutions. The key to ensuring that adequate standards are maintained lies with effective accounting and auditing standards. Accounting for Investments: Equities, Futures and Options offers a comprehensive overview of these key financial instruments and their treatment in the accounting sector, with special reference to the regulatory requirements. The book uses the US GAAP requirements as the standard model and the IFRS variants of the same are also given. Accounting for Investments starts from the basics of each financial product and: defines the product analyses the structure of the product evaluates its advantages and disadvantages describes the different events in the trade cycle elaborates on the accounting entries related to these events. The author also explains how the entries are reflected in the general ledger accounts, thus providing a macro level picture for the reader to understand the impact of such accounting. Lucidly written and informative, Accounting for Investments is a comprehensive guide for any professional dealing with these complex products. It also provides an accessible text for technology experts who develop software and support systems for the finance industry.
Download or read book IFRS Primer International GAAP Basics written by Irene M. Wiecek and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-19 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IFRS Primer: International GAAP Basics serves as a roadmap to provide guidance and a path through the period of transition to convergence of GAAP and international reporting standards for both students and instructors. As in introduction to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the IFRS Primer is a stand alone and logical supplement for use with existing U.S. introductory, intermediate, and advanced financial accounting textbooks.
