Download or read book Fusion neutron Production in the TFTR with Deuterium Neutral beam Injection written by Alan Coulter England and published by . This book was released on 1986* with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fusion neutron Production in the TFTR with Deuterium Neutral Beam Injection written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We report measurements of the fusion reaction rate in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) covering a wide range of plasma conditions and injected neutral beam powers up to 6.3 MW. The fusion-neutron production rate in beam-injected plasmas decreases slightly with increasing plasma density n/sub e/, even though the energy confinement parameter n/sub e/tau/sub E/ generally increases with density. The measurements indicate and Fokker-Planck simulations show that with increasing density the source of fusion neutrons evolves from mainly beam-beam and beam-target reactions at very low n/sub e/ to a combination of beam-target and thermonuclear reactions at high n/sub e/. At a given plasma current, the reduction in neutron source strength at higher n/sub e/ is due to both a decrease in electron temperature and in beam-beam reaction rate. The Fokker-Planck simulations also show that at low n/sub e/, plasma rotation can appreciably reduce the beam-target reaction rate for experiments with co-injection only. The variation of neutron source strength with plasma and beam parameters is as expected for beam-dominated regimes. However, the Fokker-Planck simulations systematically overestimate the measured source strength by a factor of 2 to 3; the source of this discrepancy has not yet been identified.
Download or read book Fusion Neutron Production During Deuterium Neutral Beam Injection Into PLT written by Patrick L. Colestock and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characteristics of Confinement and Fusion Reactivity in JT 60U High beta rho and TFTR Supershot Regimes with Deuterium Neutral Beam Injection written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high performance regimes achieved in JT-60U and TFTR have produced peak DD fusion neutron rates up to 5.6[times] 10[sup 16]/s for similar heating beam powers, in spite of considerable differences in machine operation and plasma configuration. A common scaling for the DD fusion neutron rate (S[sub DD][proportional-to] P[sub abs][sup 2.0] H[sub ne] V[sub p][sup[minus]0.9]) is obtained, where P[sub abs] and H[sub ne] are the absorbed beam power and beam fueling peaking factor, respectively, and V[sub p] is the plasma volume. The maximum stored energy obtained in each machine has been up to 5.4 MJ in TFTR and 8.7 MJ in JT-60U. Further improvements in the fusion neutron rate and the stored energy are limited by the[beta]-limit in Troyon range, [beta][sub N][approximately] 2.0--2.5. A common scaling for the stored energy (W[sub tot][proportional-to] P[sub abs]V[sub p]H[sub ne][sup 0.2]) is also proposed.
Download or read book Fusion Power Production in TFTR written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up to 9.3 MW of fusion power has been produced from deuterium-tritium (DT) fusion reactions in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR). The total fusion yield from a single plasma pulse has reached 6.5 MJ. The experiments in TFTR with deuterium-tritium plasmas fueled and heated by neutral beam injection span wide ranges in plasma and operating conditions. Through the use of lithium pellet conditioning to control the edge recycling, the plasma confinement in TFTR has been improved to the point where the stability of the plasma to pressure driven modes is limiting the fusion power for plasma currents up to 2.5 MA. The central energy and fusion power densities in these plasmas are comparable to those expected in a thermalized DT reactor, such as ITER.
Download or read book Fusion Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conceptual Design of a Neutral beam Injection System for the TFTR written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The neutral-beam injection requirements for heating and fueling the next generation of fusion reactor experiments far exceed those of present devices; the neutral-beam systems needed to meet these requirements will be large and complex. A conceptual design of a TFTR tokamak injection system to produce 120 keV deuterium-ion beams with a total power of about 80 MW is given. (auth).
Download or read book Systems Approaches to Nuclear Fusion Reactors written by Frederick B. Marcus and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an overall review, applying systems engineering and architecture approaches, of the design, optimization, operation and results of leading fusion experiments. These approaches provide a unified means of evaluating reactor design. Methodologies are developed for more coherent construction or evaluation of fusion devices, associated experiments and operating procedures. The main focus is on tokamaks, with almost all machines and their important results being integrated into a systems design space. Case studies focus on DIII-D, TCV, JET, WEST, the fusion reactor prototype ITER and the EU DEMO concept. Stellarator, Mirror and Laser inertial confinement experiments are similarly analysed, including reactor implications of breakeven at NIF. The book examines the engineering and physics design and optimization process for each machine, analysing their performance and major results achieved, thus establishing a basis for the improvement of future machines. The reader will gain a broad historical and up-to-date perspective of the status of nuclear fusion research from both an engineering and physics point of view. Explanations are given of the computational tools needed to design and operate successful experiments and reactor-relevant machines. This book is aimed at both graduate students and practitioners of nuclear fusion science and engineering, as well as those specializing in other fields demanding large and integrated experimental equipment. Systems engineers will obtain valuable insights into fusion applications. References are given to associated complex mathematical derivations, which are beyond the scope of this book. The general reader interested in nuclear fusion will find here an accessible summary of the current state of nuclear fusion.
Download or read book Nuclear Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Second Topical Meeting on the Technology of Controlled Nuclear Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutron Production in a High intensity Deuterium Neutral Beam Facility written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurement of d-d neutron yields incidentally produced in multi-megawatt neutral deuterium beam injectors used in magnetic fusion experiments is discussed. Unavoidable neutron production in the neutralizer, ion-beam dump, neutral beam calorimeter and beam collimator sections of an injector is measured to provide data for the design of radiation shielding and beam diagnostic experiments. At 120 kV, 10A, 0.5s pulsed injector operation, neutron yields plateau at an instantaneous yield from the calorimeter of 1011 n/s. Beam diagnostic applications of neutron measurements are adjustment of beam source conditions to maximize the full-energy fraction of the neutral beam on target, and measurement of density in the neutralizer. (RME).
Download or read book Fusion Energy an Overview of the Magnetic Confinement Approach Its Objectives and Pace written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fusion Neutron Production Using Deuterium Fuel in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device at 10 to 200 Kilovolts written by Aaron N. Fancher and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work details the advancement and understanding of fusion neutron generation capabilities using a deuterium fueled spherical gridded inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) device operating up to 200 kV at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The goal of this work was to extend the experimental and theoretical understanding of gridded IEC operations to previously unachieved 200 kV cathode operation and to investigate long term trends in the neutron production rate performance. To support this experimental investigation, hardware with the capability to reliably sustain 200 kV operation was successfully developed by constructing a resistively divided 2-stage high voltage vacuum feedthrough. Repeated measurements of the neutron production rate under fixed experimental conditions were performed over the span of 100 operational runs, which showed an upward trend in the neutron production rate performance. An investigation into the impact of impurity gas in the chamber during operation showed the reduction of impurity gas in the system and an increase in neutron production rate are correlated. An estimation of the neutron production rate increase over these runs due to embedded fusion reactions in the chamber wall showed a fuel density build up near the surface by the implantation of fast neutral deuterium particles leaving the system can plausibly account for the upward trend in neutron production rate measurements. Parametric studies measured the neutron production rate with variations in the device cathode voltage (10-200 kV), cathode current (30-100 mA) and chamber pressure (0.2-1.7 mTorr D2), and comparisons with a theoretical model are made. The results of this study showed the neutron production rate scales linearly with current as expected with a beam-target fusion regime and scales in a complex manner with voltage and pressure. Comparisons made to a theoretical model of the neutron production rate using an integral transport code showed the absolute neutron production rate prediction by the model is a factor of 7.8 lower than experimental measurements. A new record for steady-state D-D neutron production rate of 3.8x108 neutrons/s has been achieved in a gridded IEC device at a cathode voltage of 200 kV, cathode current of 100 mA, and chamber pressure of 1.0 mTorr D2.
Download or read book Nuclear Fusion written by C.M. Braams and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusion research started over half a century ago. Although the task remains unfinished, the end of the road could be in sight if society makes the right decisions. Nuclear Fusion: Half a Century of Magnetic Confinement Fusion Research is a careful, scholarly account of the course of fusion energy research over the past fifty years. The authors outline the different paths followed by fusion research from initial ignorance to present understanding. They explore why a particular scheme would not work and why it was more profitable to concentrate on the mainstream tokamak development. The book features descriptive sections, in-depth explanations of certain physical and technical issues, scientific terms, and an extensive glossary that explains relevant abbreviations and acronyms.
Download or read book Fission detector Determination of D D Triton Burnup Fraction in Beam heated TFTR Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor Plasmas written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the end of a neutral-beam injection pulse into a low-density TFTR plasma, once the beam-injected deuterons have thermalized, the neutron emission is dominated by the 14-MeV neutron production from D-D triton burnup. Ordinary fission detectors can measure the 14-MeV emission rate, which can be extrapolated back in time to estimate the equilibrium triton burnup fraction. The fractional burnup determined by this method is in the range of 0.3 to 1.5% for TFTR discharges to date, and is consistent with classical confinement and slowing down. 10 refs., 3 figs.
Download or read book Neutronics Calculations for the TFTR Neutral Beam Injectors written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates, based entirely on one-dimensional transport calculations, of some of the effects of radiation on the operation and maintenance of the neutral beam injector for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) to be built at the Plasma Physics Laboratory of Princeton University are presented. Radiation effects due to 14-MeV neutrons produced by D-T reactions in the plasma and due to 2.6-MeV neutrons produced by D-D reactions in the calorimeter and in the charged-deuteron beam dump are considered. The results presented here are intended to indicate potential radiation problems rather than to be an accurate estimate of the magnitude of the actual radiation effects that will exist in the vicinity of the final injectors.
