Download or read book Fusarium Head Blight scab of Small Grains written by Marcia P. McMullen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Head Blight scab of Small Grains written by Marcia P. McMullen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat and Barley written by Kurt J. Leonard and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 2003 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a comprehensive record of current knowledge on the nature of Fusarium head blight, the damage it causes, and current research on how to control it. The book begins with a historical account of Fusarium head blight epidemics that gives context to recent attempts to control epidemics in wheat and barley. A review of pathogen taxonomy and population biology helps scientists to see relationships among head blight pathogens and other Fusarium species. The information on epidemiology included in this review also provides an understanding of the weather conditions and cultural practices that promote explosive epidemics. New information on infection processes will lead the reader to a better understanding of how to breed for resistance in wheat and barley.

Download or read book CURRENT Research on Fusarium Head Blight of Small Grains written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Epidemiology of Mycotoxin Producing Fungi written by Xiangming Xu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the aegis of COST Action 835 `Agriculturally Important Toxigenic Fungi 1998-2003', EU Project (QLK 1-CT-1998-01380)

Download or read book Fusarium Head Blight in Latin America written by Teresa M. Alconada Magliano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-07 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium head blight (FHB) on small-grain cereals is one of the most devastating diseases. Several species can cause head blight, though Fusarium graminearum is the predominant pathogen in most regions. F. graminearum is one of the most intensively studied fungal plant pathogens. This book presents the current state of knowledge regarding mycological aspects that make wheat-Fusarium interaction, such as hyphal growth, morphogenesis in germinating spores, visualization of enzymatic hydrolysis, production of mycotoxins, inhibition of the hyphal growth by antagonist microorganisms, use of natural substances or by modification of the host resistance, as well as genetic analysis and expression of genes that regulate the infection. Fungal ecology and epidemiology will also be discussed. Just as the analysis of environmental requirements for the establishment of the disease, the use of forecasts of disease risk with meteorological base and integrated management and control. This book includes the study of disease in Latin America, therefore will be of interest to researchers who are working on the issue, as for those who are interested in knowing about the disease.

Download or read book Mycotoxins in Plant Disease written by A. Logrieco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an urgent need to expand our knowledge of both the nature of the toxigenic fungi that are widespread on economically-important plants and the effect of their toxic secondary metabolites on human health. Informa tion about the production of mycotoxins by plant pathogens, particularly by species of Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium, their occurrence in infected plants, as well as their role in the plant-pathogen interaction, for example as virulence/pathogenicity factors, is a pre-requisite for preventing plant disease and hence for reducing the Ievels of mycotoxin contamination. Fusarium infections in cereals and other crops are a particular problern world-wide and recent epidemics on wheat in Europe, the USA and Canada have again focused attention on this problem. Fur thermore, species ofAspergillus and Penicillium and their related mycotoxins, particularly Ochratoxin A, represent another consistent problern on cereals and grapes, especially in Europe where 40% of the global grape crop is grown. The aim of this publication is to gather together specialist updated reviews based on papers originally presented during a Workshop of EU Cost Action 835 entitled 'Agriculturally Important Taxigenie Fungi', held in Rome, 7-8 October 1999 at the Plant Pathology Research Institute. We hope the diversity of the contents will stimulate discussion, encourage the sharing of information and result in cross-fertilization of ideas needed for the solution of the present problems. This special issue will be of particular value to interdisciplinary scientists and especially mycologists, mycotoxicologists, plant pathologists and those concerned about the quality of food and food products.

Download or read book Mycotoxins written by John F. Leslie and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an outcome of the MycoGlobe conference in Accra. Most of the chapters are based on invited oral presentations made at the conference. The chapters in this book touch on issues including health, trade, ecology, epidemiology, occurrence, detection, management, awareness and policy. This book serves as a source of information on the occurrence and impact of mycotoxins on everything from trade and health to agricultural production in addition to suggesting opportunities for their management in Africa and elsewhere by researchers, policy makers and development investors.

Download or read book Small Grain written by Luther Foster and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fusarium blight scab of Wheat and Other Cereals written by Dimitŭr Atanasov and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modeling the Effects of Fusarium Head Blight on Wheat Grain Yield and Quality and Developing Cost effective Strategies for Minimizing Losses written by Jorge David Salgado and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Fusarium head blight (FHB) or head scab, caused predominantly by Fusarium graminearum in North America, is a disease of economic importance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Ohio and other parts of the world. FHB reduces grain yield (YLD) and test weight (TW; weight per unit volume), and causes Fusarium damaged kernel (FDK) and deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin contamination of grain. Data were collected from several field experiments conducted in Ohio to i) model FHB/YLD and FHB/TW relationships as influenced by cultivar and the severity of Stagonospora nodorum leaf blotch (SLB, another disease of economic importance in Ohio); ii) develop integrated management programs to minimize losses caused by FHB, and iii) conduct economic analyses of FHB management programs. Depending on the objective of the study, plots of FHB susceptible and moderately resistant cultivars were planted and inoculated with different spore concentrations of F. graminearum and S. nodorum to generate a range of FHB and SLB intensities and corresponding YLD and TW values, treated with a fungicide, and harvested with different combine harvester settings. Linear mixed model variance and covariance analyses and random-effects meta-analyses were used to quantify FHB index (IND)/YLD and IND/TW relationships, and to determine the effects of cultivar, fungicide, and grain harvesting strategy (modification to combine settings to remove small and lightweight kernel) on IND, FDK, DON, YLD, and TW. The final models for both relationships were of the form y=a+b(IND). YLD and TW decreased as IND increased, with the rates of reduction ranging from -54 to -46 kg ha-1 %-1 for YLD and -3.2 to -2.3 kg m-3 %-1 for TW. Neither cultivar nor SLB affected the IND/YLD relationship, but SLB affected the height of the IND/TW regression lines, and cultivar affected the rate of TW reduction per unit increase in IND. The level of IND at which a 1 MT ha-1 yield loss was predicted to occur ranged from 19 to 22%, whereas a 100 kg m-3 reduction in TW was predicted to occur between 31 and 44% IND. Several FHB management programs were developed. The greatest percent reduction in FDK (25 to 62%) and DON (33 to 52%) and increase in YLD (18 to 26%), relative to the reference program (without any management intervention), was observed for programs that included moderate resistance and fungicide treatment. The greatest percent increase in TW (8 to 10%) relative to the reference was observed when modified combine setting was integrated with resistance and/or fungicide. Overall, the most effective management programs all included fungicide treatment, two included moderate resistance, and two modified combine setting. Relative to the reference, these programs resulted in 30 to 51% reduction in total estimated price discount, $127 to 312 ha-1 increase in gross cash income, and economic benefits ranging from $31 to 272 ha-1, depending on the level of IND (5 to 15%), grain price ($118 to 276 MT-1), and fungicide application cost ($40 to 96 ha-1). Results from these studies will be used in more general models to evaluate the economics of FHB/DON management strategies.

Download or read book Identifying Wheat and Barley Seed Affected by Fusarium Head Blight written by S. J. Symons and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fusarium Head Blight head Scab of Wheat written by Jeffrey Todd Edwards and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wheat Blast written by Sudheer Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat Blast provides systematic and practical information on wheat blast pathology, summarises research progress and discusses future perspectives based on current understanding of the existing issues. The book explores advance technologies that may help in deciding the path for future research and development for better strategies and techniques to manage the wheat blast disease. It equips readers with basic and applied understanding on the identification of disease, its distribution and chances of further spread in new areas, its potential to cause yield losses to wheat, the conditions that favour disease development, disease prediction modelling, resistance breeding methods and management strategies against wheat blast. Features: Provides comprehensive information on wheat blast pathogen and its management under a single umbrella Covers disease identification and diagnostics which will be helpful to check introduction in new areas Discusses methods and protocol to study the different aspects of the disease such as diagnostics, variability, resistance screening, epiphytotic creation etc. Gives deep insight on the past, present and future outlook of wheat blast research progress This book’s chapters are contributed by experts and pioneers in their respective fields and it provides comprehensive insight with updated findings on wheat blast research. It serves as a valuable reference for researchers, policy makers, students, teachers, farmers, seed growers, traders, and other stakeholders dealing with wheat.

Download or read book Diversity and Baseline Fungicide Sensitivity of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat and Malting Barley written by Joseph A. Cinderella and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium head blight (FHB), primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a top disease of concern to wheat and barley production, contributing to both yield losses and grain contamination across the United States (US). FHB is of particular importance to small grain production in the East Coast and Mid-Atlantic region, with widespread occurrence annually. F. graminearum is well adapted to the climate of the Mid-Atlantic; able to thrive during warm and wet conditions and able to infect wheat, barley, corn, beans, and other small grain crops. For many years, triazole/ demethylation inhibitor (DMI, FRAC Group 3) fungicides were the only group labeled for FHB. In 2019, Miravis Ace (Syngenta, Switzerland), was registered for use in the management of FHB, containing propiconazole (DMI) and pydiflumetofen, a Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor (SDHI, FRAC Group 7). In vitro poison plate mycelial assays were performed on Fusarium isolated from wheat and malting barley to determine baseline sensitivities to pydiflumetofen. Wheat samples were submitted from 16 states and malting barley samples were submitted from three states as part of the United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative (USWBSI) National FHB Collection. In total, 177 Fusarium graminearum isolates from wheat were obtained across 2020 (n=98), 2021 (n=65), and from historic isolate collections ranging from 1991-2014 (n=14) with no exposure to pydiflumetofen. The effective concentration to reduce mycelial growth by 50% (EC50) was determined for wheat isolates using potato dextrose agar (PDA) Petri dish assays amended with pydiflumetofen to final concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.25, 1.0, and 5.0 Îơg/mL. Wheat EC50 values ranged from 0.18 to 0.73 Îơg/mL, averaging 0.4 Îơg/mL and 0.37 Îơg/mL, in 2020 and 2021 respectively. The average EC50 value of historic isolates was 0.35 Îơg/mL. Malting barley production has been expanding across the Mid-Atlantic. From 2020-21, malting barley isolates were collected to identify species diversity and screen for fungicide baseline fungicide sensitivity to pydiflumetofen. In the preliminary set of 28 barley isolates, 79% were identified as F. graminearum, 7% F. verticillioides, 7% F. acuminatum, 3.5% F. poae, and 3.5% F. asiaticum. Diversity of Fusarium species recovered from malting barley samples merits continued exploration. In vitro assays were conducted on amended yeast bacto agar (YBA) plates and a subset of isolates were also tested on amended PDA to compare growth. Media plates were amended with pydiflumetofen to final concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.25, 1.0, and 5.0 Îơg/mL. Average EC50 values for barley isolates on YBA were 1.09 Îơg/mL for F. graminearum (n=22), 1.07 Îơg/mL for F. verticillioides (n=2), 1.51 Îơg/mL for F. acuminatum (n=2), 1.09 Îơg/mL for F. poae (n=1), and 1.09 Îơg/mL for F. asiaticum (n=1). Isolates grown on YBA and PDA responded to treatment similarly, with EC50 values of 1.09 and 1.04 Îơg/mL, respectively. YBA-grown isolates experienced more uniform lateral growth and were more amenable to rating than PDA-grown isolates. The established baseline fungicide sensitivity levels in wheat and malting barley will aid fungicide research and allow for monitoring of sensitivity levels in F. graminearum populations in small grain production regions of the United States as SDHI fungicide use expands.

Download or read book Diseases of Small Grain Cereal Crops written by T.D. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The small grain cereals wheat, barley, oats and rye are cultivated worldwide. They form the foundation of most agricultural systems and are essential in the manufacture of staple products such as bread, pasta and fermented beverages. Reflecting the global and economic importance of cereal crops, this book aims to make identification of diseases aff

Download or read book Toxigenic Fusarium Species Identity and Mycotoxicology written by W. F. O. Marasas and published by Penn State University Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The taxonomy of fungi in the genus Fusarium is complex and confusing because of the different taxonomic systems in use in various parts of the world. Taxonomy of the genus is further complicated by its extreme variability in culture and by the fact that Fusarium species mutate and degenerate rapidly in culture. This situation has led to great confusion in the extensive literature on Fusarium mycotoxicoses because the same fungus is known under a variety of different names in different countries. This book, a comparative taxonomic study of Fusarium species reported to be toxigenic in published findings, represents the first serious attempt to clarify the confusion in the taxonomy and nomenclature of toxigenic Fusarium species. It is a catalog of the isolates in the International Toxigenic Fusarium Reference Collection, which is made up of isolates collected from research workers around the world. Information on each isolate includes the correct identification, references to publications in which the isolate is cited, and information on the toxic properties of and mycotoxins reported to be produced by each isolate. The nomenclature used follows the system given in Fusarium Species: An Illustrated Manual for Identification. These two volumes will be useful to anyone interested in the mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species.