Download or read book Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Jintong Mao and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is in black and white printing. It was revised on 05/30/2020. Starting from complex free induction decay (FID), this book establishes a logical framework for the discussion of the principles of MRI. Based on the framework, traditional topics and some new topics are described in detail. Every formula is derived step by step at length. Essence of MRI is thoroughly discussed. It is emphasized that Fourier transform (FT) in MRI is a natural result from data acquisition if with a linear field gradient. Each concept, particularly the concept of echo, is explained in detail. For example, it is indicated that the popular drawing of an echo following a single FID (note this "single") in time axis is misleading in MRI (but may not in NMR). An echo cannot be considered as two back to back FID, etc. If you cannot accept these statements immediately, you may need to refresh your basic knowledge of MRI. The procedure from FID to MR image is accomplished by a pair of FT. The first FT is established naturally and automatically from echo acquisition. Analog digital converter leads to discrete FID. Using Nyquist sampling and quadrature phase sensitive detection (PSD), formula FOV*dk = 2pi is derived. From FOV*dk=2pi, discrete FT is derived by the summation of discrete FID directly, without relying on continuous FT. Thus, discrete FID leads to discrete FT. On other side, a discrete echo is the summation of acquired discrete FID, if re-phasing linear gradient field follows de-phasing gradient field. Thus, discrete FID also leads to discrete echo. We have the result that the discrete echo is a discrete FT (one dimensional). A series of echoes is obtained by phase encoding (raw data in two-dimensional k-space). The k-space, therefore, is a two-dimensional discrete FT (first FT). The reconstructed image is obtained by applying inverse FT (second FT) to the series of discrete echoes (k-space). Continuous FT is used as a heuristic step. But it is not necessary for the discussion of MRI. As example from FID to MR image, simulated images are obtained for graphical phantoms by using MATLAB. In appendix, MATLAB codes for image reconstruction and for some frequency selective pulses are included. Based on the framework, the topics include basic pulse sequences; pulse train; image contrasts; signal to noise ratio; ringing artifacts; aliasing artifacts; improvement of slice profile of selective pulses (Bloch equation is solved numerically using Runge-Kutta method); fat suppression; magnetization transfer; diffusion; flow image; functional MRI (fMRI for a perceptual alternation is presented), etc. Inside of the framework, emphasized topics include pulsatile ghost artifact for flow that is simulated by MATLAB and explained by interleaved zero data in k-space; experiments show that traditional explanation of flow mis-registration is not correct; the experiment also shows that the profile of laminar flow looks like a long needle, instead of ellipsoid; Stejskal-Tanner formula for b-value can be obtained by a wrong derivation, thus, the correctness of the formula may be in question; the strength of refocusing gradient for 90d selective pulse is-0.515, instead of commonly used -0.5 (small difference in refocusing strength leads to a large difference in refocusing effects due to non-linearity of Bloch equation); etc. In addition to above topics, Bloch equation with the terms T1, T2, diffusion, flow, etc. is derived by adding independent contributions to dM/dt with the assumption that T2 functions only in x-y plane. It is the hope this book is readable. It is the hope that the journey through the book might be a joy. This book will be of value to beginners. Perhaps it is valuable to a more extensive readership as well.

Download or read book Regularized Image Reconstruction in Parallel MRI with MATLAB written by Joseph Suresh Paul and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regularization becomes an integral part of the reconstruction process in accelerated parallel magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) due to the need for utilizing the most discriminative information in the form of parsimonious models to generate high quality images with reduced noise and artifacts. Apart from providing a detailed overview and implementation details of various pMRI reconstruction methods, Regularized image reconstruction in parallel MRI with MATLAB examples interprets regularized image reconstruction in pMRI as a means to effectively control the balance between two specific types of error signals to either improve the accuracy in estimation of missing samples, or speed up the estimation process. The first type corresponds to the modeling error between acquired and their estimated values. The second type arises due to the perturbation of k-space values in autocalibration methods or sparse approximation in the compressed sensing based reconstruction model. Features: Provides details for optimizing regularization parameters in each type of reconstruction. Presents comparison of regularization approaches for each type of pMRI reconstruction. Includes discussion of case studies using clinically acquired data. MATLAB codes are provided for each reconstruction type. Contains method-wise description of adapting regularization to optimize speed and accuracy. This book serves as a reference material for researchers and students involved in development of pMRI reconstruction methods. Industry practitioners concerned with how to apply regularization in pMRI reconstruction will find this book most useful.

Download or read book Understanding Phase Contrast MR Angiography written by Joseph Suresh Paul and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-12 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing many unique MATLAB codes and functions throughout, this book covers the basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), leading to an in-depth understanding of the concepts and tools required for analysis and interpretation of Phase Contrast MR Angiography (PC-MRA). The concept of PC-MRA is often difficult, but essential for practicing engineers and scientists working in MR related areas. The concepts are better understood by uniquely combining the physical principles of fluid flow and MR imaging, laid out by modeling the theory and applications using a commonly used software tool MATLAB®. The book starts with a detailed theory of PC-MRA followed by a description of various image processing methods, including detailed MATLAB codes used for their implementation. The flow concepts in the context of MR imaging are explained using MATLAB based simulations.

Download or read book MRI written by Angshul Majumdar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has developed rapidly over the past decade, benefiting greatly from the newly developed framework of compressed sensing and its ability to drastically reduce MRI scan times. MRI: Physics, Image Reconstruction, and Analysis presents the latest research in MRI technology, emphasizing compressed sensing-based image reconstruction techniques. The book begins with a succinct introduction to the principles of MRI and then: Discusses the technology and applications of T1rho MRI Details the recovery of highly sampled functional MRIs Explains sparsity-based techniques for quantitative MRIs Describes multi-coil parallel MRI reconstruction techniques Examines off-line techniques in dynamic MRI reconstruction Explores advances in brain connectivity analysis using diffusion and functional MRIs Featuring chapters authored by field experts, MRI: Physics, Image Reconstruction, and Analysis delivers an authoritative and cutting-edge treatment of MRI reconstruction techniques. The book provides engineers, physicists, and graduate students with a comprehensive look at the state of the art of MRI.

Download or read book FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING USING MATLAB written by MAJUMDER, DWIJESH KUMAR DUTTA and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2022-07-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is designed as per the present requirement of subject. It acquaints the students/readers with fundamental image processing concepts and methodologies for better understanding and more meaningful retrieval of information of the internal structure of human organs. In the book, various concepts of image processing are discussed for different modalities of medical imaging, such as CT, MRI, PET, and SPECT. The book covers various important topics such as Programming in MATLAB, Biomedical Imaging, Artificial Neural Network, and Image Processing. The chapters on image enhancement, segmentation, shape analysis, registration, visualization, and retrieval make this book very comprehensive and useful for the students/readers. The exercises and examples given in each chapter will be very helpful to better understand the topics and to do quick revision. KEY FEATURES 1. Artificial Neural Network in image processing is described briefly. 2. Different modalities of image processing are discussed in the book. 3. Shape theoretic approach of image processing is also discussed. 4. Chapters on Programming in MATLAB, Biomedical Imaging, ANN, Medical Image Modalities, Image Enhancement, Segmentation, Shape Analysis, Registration, Visualization, and Retrieval make the book very comprehensive. TARGET AUDIENCE 1. B.Tech/M.Tech CSE, IT, Engineering Physics, and Mathematics and Computing 2. MCA

Download or read book Regularized Image Reconstruction in Parallel MRI with MATLAB written by Joseph Suresh Paul and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regularization becomes an integral part of the reconstruction process in accelerated parallel magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) due to the need for utilizing the most discriminative information in the form of parsimonious models to generate high quality images with reduced noise and artifacts. Apart from providing a detailed overview and implementation details of various pMRI reconstruction methods, Regularized image reconstruction in parallel MRI with MATLAB examples interprets regularized image reconstruction in pMRI as a means to effectively control the balance between two specific types of error signals to either improve the accuracy in estimation of missing samples, or speed up the estimation process. The first type corresponds to the modeling error between acquired and their estimated values. The second type arises due to the perturbation of k-space values in autocalibration methods or sparse approximation in the compressed sensing based reconstruction model. Features: Provides details for optimizing regularization parameters in each type of reconstruction. Presents comparison of regularization approaches for each type of pMRI reconstruction. Includes discussion of case studies using clinically acquired data. MATLAB codes are provided for each reconstruction type. Contains method-wise description of adapting regularization to optimize speed and accuracy. This book serves as a reference material for researchers and students involved in development of pMRI reconstruction methods. Industry practitioners concerned with how to apply regularization in pMRI reconstruction will find this book most useful.

Download or read book Digital Signal Processing for Medical Imaging Using Matlab written by E.S. Gopi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes medical imaging systems, such as X-ray, Computed tomography, MRI, etc. from the point of view of digital signal processing. Readers will see techniques applied to medical imaging such as Radon transformation, image reconstruction, image rendering, image enhancement and restoration, and more. This book also outlines the physics behind medical imaging required to understand the techniques being described. The presentation is designed to be accessible to beginners who are doing research in DSP for medical imaging. Matlab programs and illustrations are used wherever possible to reinforce the concepts being discussed.

Download or read book Signal Processing Image Processing and Pattern Recognition written by Tai-hoon Kim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises selected papers of the International Conference on Signal Processing, Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, SIP 2011, held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conference, FGIT 2011, in Conjunction with GDC 2011, in Conjunction with GDC 2011, Jeju Island, Korea, in December 2011. The papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions and focus on the various aspects of signal processing, image processing and pattern recognition.

Download or read book Advanced Image Processing in Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Luigi Landini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popularity of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in medicine is no mystery: it is non-invasive, it produces high quality structural and functional image data, and it is very versatile and flexible. Research into MR technology is advancing at a blistering pace, and modern engineers must keep up with the latest developments. This is only possible with a firm grounding in the basic principles of MR, and Advanced Image Processing in Magnetic Resonance Imaging solidly integrates this foundational knowledge with the latest advances in the field. Beginning with the basics of signal and image generation and reconstruction, the book covers in detail the signal processing techniques and algorithms, filtering techniques for MR images, quantitative analysis including image registration and integration of EEG and MEG techniques with MR, and MR spectroscopy techniques. The final section of the book explores functional MRI (fMRI) in detail, discussing fundamentals and advanced exploratory data analysis, Bayesian inference, and nonlinear analysis. Many of the results presented in the book are derived from the contributors' own work, imparting highly practical experience through experimental and numerical methods. Contributed by international experts at the forefront of the field, Advanced Image Processing in Magnetic Resonance Imaging is an indispensable guide for anyone interested in further advancing the technology and capabilities of MR imaging.

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Robert W. Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-02 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New edition explores contemporary MRI principles and practices Thoroughly revised, updated and expanded, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design remains the preeminent text in its field. Using consistent nomenclature and mathematical notations throughout all the chapters, this new edition carefully explains the physical principles of magnetic resonance imaging design and implementation. In addition, detailed figures and MR images enable readers to better grasp core concepts, methods, and applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Second Edition begins with an introduction to fundamental principles, with coverage of magnetization, relaxation, quantum mechanics, signal detection and acquisition, Fourier imaging, image reconstruction, contrast, signal, and noise. The second part of the text explores MRI methods and applications, including fast imaging, water-fat separation, steady state gradient echo imaging, echo planar imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and induced magnetism. Lastly, the text discusses important hardware issues and parallel imaging. Readers familiar with the first edition will find much new material, including: New chapter dedicated to parallel imaging New sections examining off-resonance excitation principles, contrast optimization in fast steady-state incoherent imaging, and efficient lower-dimension analogues for discrete Fourier transforms in echo planar imaging applications Enhanced sections pertaining to Fourier transforms, filter effects on image resolution, and Bloch equation solutions when both rf pulse and slice select gradient fields are present Valuable improvements throughout with respect to equations, formulas, and text New and updated problems to test further the readers' grasp of core concepts Three appendices at the end of the text offer review material for basic electromagnetism and statistics as well as a list of acquisition parameters for the images in the book. Acclaimed by both students and instructors, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging offers the most comprehensive and approachable introduction to the physics and the applications of magnetic resonance imaging.

Download or read book Fundamentals of MRI written by Elizabeth Berry and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-12-22 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of MRI: An Interactive Learning Approach explores the physical principles that underpin the technique of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).After covering background mathematics, physics, and digital imaging, the book presents fundamental physical principles, including magnetization and rotating reference frame. It describes how relaxati

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction written by Mehmet Akcakaya and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-11-04 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction: Theory, Methods and Applications presents the fundamental concepts of MR image reconstruction, including its formulation as an inverse problem, as well as the most common models and optimization methods for reconstructing MR images. The book discusses approaches for specific applications such as non-Cartesian imaging, under sampled reconstruction, motion correction, dynamic imaging and quantitative MRI. This unique resource is suitable for physicists, engineers, technologists and clinicians with an interest in medical image reconstruction and MRI. Explains the underlying principles of MRI reconstruction, along with the latest research“/li> Gives example codes for some of the methods presented Includes updates on the latest developments, including compressed sensing, tensor-based reconstruction and machine learning based reconstruction

Download or read book Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Zhi-Pei Liang and published by Wiley-IEEE Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1971 Dr. Paul C. Lauterbur pioneered spatial information encoding principles that made image formation possible by using magnetic resonance signals. Now Lauterbur, "father of the MRI", and Dr. Zhi-Pei Liang have co-authored the first engineering textbook on magnetic resonance imaging. This long-awaited, definitive text will help undergraduate and graduate students of biomedical engineering, biomedical imaging scientists, radiologists, and electrical engineers gain an in-depth understanding of MRI principles. The authors use a signal processing approach to describe the fundamentals of magnetic resonance imaging. You will find a clear and rigorous discussion of these carefully selected essential topics: Mathematical fundamentals Signal generation and detection principles Signal characteristics Signal localization principles Image reconstruction techniques Image contrast mechanisms Image resolution, noise, and artifacts Fast-scan imaging Constrained reconstruction Complete with a comprehensive set of examples and homework problems, Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging is the must-read book to improve your knowledge of this revolutionary technique.

Download or read book Compressed Sensing Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction Algorithms written by Bhabesh Deka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-29 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive review of the recent developments in fast L1-norm regularization-based compressed sensing (CS) magnetic resonance image reconstruction algorithms. Compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) is able to reduce the scan time of MRI considerably as it is possible to reconstruct MR images from only a few measurements in the k-space; far below the requirements of the Nyquist sampling rate. L1-norm-based regularization problems can be solved efficiently using the state-of-the-art convex optimization techniques, which in general outperform the greedy techniques in terms of quality of reconstructions. Recently, fast convex optimization based reconstruction algorithms have been developed which are also able to achieve the benchmarks for the use of CS-MRI in clinical practice. This book enables graduate students, researchers, and medical practitioners working in the field of medical image processing, particularly in MRI to understand the need for the CS in MRI, and thereby how it could revolutionize the soft tissue imaging to benefit healthcare technology without making major changes in the existing scanner hardware. It would be particularly useful for researchers who have just entered into the exciting field of CS-MRI and would like to quickly go through the developments to date without diving into the detailed mathematical analysis. Finally, it also discusses recent trends and future research directions for implementation of CS-MRI in clinical practice, particularly in Bio- and Neuro-informatics applications.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Donald W. Chakeres and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cartilage Tissue and Knee Joint Biomechanics written by Amirsadegh Rezazadeh Nochehdehi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-18 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cartilage, Tissue and Knee Joint Biomechanics: Fundamentals, Characterization and Modelling is a cutting-edge multidisciplinary book specifically focused on modeling, characterization and related clinical aspects. The book takes a comprehensive approach towards mechanics, fundamentals, morphology and properties of Cartilage Tissue and Knee Joints. Leading researchers from health science, medical technologists, engineers, academics, government, and private research institutions across the globe have contributed to this book. This book is a very valuable resource for graduates and postgraduates, engineers and research scholars. The content also includes comprehensive real-world applications. As a reference for the total knee arthroplasty, this book focuses deeply on existing related theories (including: histology, design, manufacturing and clinical aspects) to assist readers in solving fundamental and applied problems in biomechanical and biomaterials characterization, modeling and simulation of human cartilages and cells. For biomedical engineers dealing with implants and biomaterials for knee joint injuries, this book will guide you in learning the knee anatomy, range of motion, surgical procedures, physiological loading and boundary conditions, biomechanics of connective soft tissues, type of injuries, and more. Provides a comprehensive resource on the knee joint and its connective soft tissues; content included spans biomechanics, biomaterials, biology, anatomy, imaging and surgical procedure Covers ISO and FDA based regulatory control and compliance in the manufacturing process Includes discussions on the relationship between knee anatomical parameters and knee biomechanics

Download or read book Advances in Computer Vision and Information Technology written by and published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2013-12-30 with total page 1688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest trends in information technology represent a new intellectual paradigm for scientific exploration and the visualization of scientific phenomena. This title covers the emerging technologies in the field. Academics, engineers, industrialists, scientists and researchers engaged in teaching, and research and development of computer science and information technology will find the book useful for their academic and research work.