Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition Effect of Reducing Stoichiometry written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition Effect of Reducing Stoichiometry Final Report April 1 1993 June 30 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technical objectives of this project are to: identify the partitioning of inorganic coal constituents among vapor, submicron fume, and fly ash products generated during combustion; identify fundamental processes of mineral transformation;incorporate the effects of combustion stoichiometry into an engineering model for ash formation.

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by Lawrence E. Bool and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project is designed to examine the effects of combustion stoichiometry on the fundamental aspects of ash formation and ash deposit initiation. Technical objectives are: to identify the partitioning of inorganic coal constituents among vapor, submicron fume, and fly ash products generated during the combustion of pulverized coal; to identify and quantify the fundamental processes by which the transformations of minerals and organically-associated inorganic species occur, and; to incorporate the effects of combustion stoichiometry into an Engineering Model for Ash Formation. Specific accomplishments during this quarter are as follows: The Project Program Plan was prepared and the subcontractors were authorized to begin work in this program. Acquisition of pyrite and kaolinite minerals for use in synthetic char production was begun. A fragmentation submodel was completed and incorporated into the PSI Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF) that was developed previously.

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technical objectives of this project are: (a) to identify the partitioning of inorganic coal constituents among vapor, submicron fume, and fly ash products generated during the combustion of pulverized coal under a variety of combustion conditions. Fuel lean and fuel rich combustion conditions will be considered. (b) To identify and quantify the fundamental processes by which the transformations of minerals and organically-associated inorganic species occurs. Emphasis will be placed on identifying any changes that occur as a result of combustion under substoichiometric combustion conditions. (c) To incorporate the effects of combustion stoichiometry into an Engineering Model for Ash Formation based upon the understanding developed in (a) and (b). When completed, this model will predict the particle size and chemical composition distributions of ash formed during the combustion of pulverized coal under a broad range of conditions.

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this research program include: the identification of the partitioning of inorganic coal constituents among vapor, submicron fume, and fly ash products generated during pulverized coal combustion; identification of fundamental processes by which the transformation of minerals and organically associated species occurs; the incorporation of the effects of combustion stoichiometry into an engineering model for ash formation.

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technical objectives of this project are: (a) To identify the partitioning of inorganic coal constituents among vapor, submicron fume, and fly ash products generated during the combustion of pulverized coal under a variety of combustion conditions. Fuel lean and fuel rich combustion conditions will be considered. (b) To identify and quantify the fundamental processes by which the transformations of minerals and organically associated inorganic species occurs. Emphasis will be placed on identifying any changes that occur as a result of combustion under sub-stoichiometric combustion conditions. (c) To incorporate the effects of combustion stoichiometry into an engineering model for ash formation based upon the understanding developed in (a) and (b). When completed, this model will predict the particle size and chemical composition distributions of ash formed during the combustion of pulverized coal under a broad range of conditions.

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technical objectives of this project are: To identify the partitioning of inorganic coal constituents among vapor, submicron fume, and fly ash products generated during the combustion of pulverized coal under a variety of combustion conditions. Fuel lean and fuel rich combustion conditions will be considered. To identify and quantify the fundamental processes by which the transformations of minerals and organically-associated inorganic species occur. Emphasis will be placed on identifying any changes that occur as a result of combustion under sub-stoichiometric combustion conditions. To incorporate the effects of combustion stoichiometry into an Engineering Model for Ash Formation based upon the understanding developed in (a) and (b). When completed, this model wig predict the particle size and chemical composition distributions of ash formed during the combustion of pulverized coal under a broad range of conditions. The work discussed in this report highlights the accomplishments of the second quarter of this two year project. This includes the final selection of coals by PSI PowerServe, the results of initial in-situ XAFS combustion measurements by the University of Kentucky, a review of the status of ash formation and deposition models by MIT, modeling of iron behavior during coal combustion by the University of Arizona, preliminary work on the redistribution of minerals within char during the early stages of combustion by PSI PowerServe, and the incorporation of a char fragmentation mechanism into the ash formation model by PSI PowerServe.

Download or read book Fundamental Study of Ash Formation and Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technical objectives of this project are: (a) To identify the partitioning of inorganic coal constituents among vapor, submicron fume, and fly ash products generated during the combustion of pulverized coal under a variety of combustion conditions. Fuel lean and fuel rich combustion conditions will be considered. (b) To identify and quantify the fundamental processes by which the transformations of minerals and organically-associated inorganic species occur. Emphasis will be placed on identifying any changes that occur as a result of combustion under sub-stoichiometric combustion conditions. (c) To incorporate the effects of combustion stoichiometry into an Engineering Model for Ash Formation based upon the understanding developed in (a) and (b). When completed, this model will predict the particle size and chemical composition distributions of ash formed during the combustion of pulverized coal under a broad range of conditions. The work discussed in this report highlights the accomplishments of the seventh quarter of this two year project. This includes University of Arizona efforts to minimize periodicity in the coal feeder for the drop tube furnace, and MIT efforts to calculate the concentrations of CO, CO2, and O2 surrounding a burning char particle. In Section 3, the use of a pulsed gas flow to maintain a smooth coal feed to the drop tube furnace is discussed. Addition of pulsing action, driven by a peristaltic pump, has eliminated the coal feeder pluggage problems that had been occurring. In Section 4, the development of a single particle char combustion model by MIT is discussed. The model is then used for calculating oxygen, CO, and CO2 concentrations on the char particle surface as a function of char particle diameter. This information can then be used to interpret results of ash formation experiments conducted as a function of particle size and combustion stoichiometric ratio.

Download or read book Investigation of Mineral Transformations and Ash Deposition During Staged Combustion Quarterly Technical Progress Report April 1 1997 June 30 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes work performed in the fifteenth quarter of a fundamental study to examine the effect of staged combustion on ash formation and deposition. Efforts this quarter included addition of a new cyclone for improved particle sampling and modification of the existing sampling probe. Particulate samples were collected under a variety of experimental conditions for both coals under investigation. Deposits formed from the Black Thunder coal were also collected. Particle size and composition from the Pittsburgh No. 8 ash samples support previously reported results. In addition, the authors ability to distinguish char/ash associations has been refined and applied to a variety of ash samples from this coal. The results show a clear difference between the behavior of included and excluded pyrite, and provide insight into the extent of pyrite oxidation. Ash samples from the Black Thunder coal have also been collected and analyzed. Results indicate a significant difference in the particle size of {open_quotes}unclassifiable{close_quotes} particles for ash formed during staged combustion. A difference in composition also appears to be present and is currently under investigation. Finally, deposits were collected under staged conditions for the Black Thunder coal. Specifically, two deposits were formed under similar conditions and allowed to mature under either reducing or oxidizing conditions in natural gas. Differences between the samples due to curing were noted. In addition, both deposits showed skeletal ash structures which resulted from in-situ burnout of the char after deposition.

Download or read book Investigation of Mineral Transformations and Ash Deposition During Staged Combustion Quarterly Technical Progress Report October 1 1993 December 31 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough understanding of the fundamental processes which govern the mineral behavior is essential to the development of tools to predict and manage ash deposition. The purpose of the current project is to perform a fundamental study of mineral transformations and ash deposition during staged combustion of pulverized coal. Staging of combustion air is a strategy used to reduce NO(subscript x) emissions from coal-fired units. It is applicable to both advanced combustion systems currently under development (e.g. HITAF) and low NO(subscript x) retrofits for existing units. These low NO(subscript x) combustion strategies produce fuel rich or reducing conditions in the lower furnace. Therefore, the combustion history of the coal particles is significantly changed from that experienced under normal combustion conditions. A carefully designed experimental study is needed to examine the effects of altered combustion conditions on mineral matter release, fly ash formation, particle stickiness and deposit formation. This project uses state-of-the-art analytical equipment and a well-characterized laboratory combustor to address this need. This report describes work in the initial quarter of a fundamental, three-year study of mineral transformations and ash deposition during staged combustion.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Impact Of Ash Deposition On Coal Fired Plants written by Jim Williamson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-10-12 with total page 1103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal provides almost 40% of the world's electricity, and despite the understandable concern with respect to the environmental impact associated with coal use, forecasts from the International Energy Agency predict, that worldwide coal use will increase by up to 2% per annum until the year 2OlO. Faced with this increase, it is clearly important that the most efficient and environmentally acceptable clean coal technologies are available. This book is comprised of the proceedings of the Engineering Foundation Conference held in June 1993 in England. The objective of the conference was to present ideas on methods of predicting and reducing the effects of ash deposition in coal conversion systems, highlighting the problems experienced in industry, considering both utilities and industrial plants, and providing a view of the technology of coal ash deposition and its impact. Better techniques are needed to reduce the impact of ash deposition in coal fired plants, and these proceedings should form a reference document for anyone either experiencing slagging or actively engaged in trying to understand or eliminate the phenomenon.

Download or read book Applications of Advanced Technology to Ash Related Problems in Boilers written by L. Baxter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the behavior of inorganic material in combustion systems. The past decade has seen unprecedented improvements in understanding the rates and mecha nisms of inorganic transformations and in developing analytical tools to predict them. These tools range from improved fuel analysis procedures to predictive computer codes. While this progress has been met with great enthusiasm within the research community, the practices of the industrial community remain largely unchanged. The papers in this book were selected from those presented at an Engineering Foundation Conference of the same title. All have been peer reviewed. The intent of the conference was to illustrate the application of advanced technology to ash-related problems in boilers and, by so doing, engage the research and industrial communities in more productive dialog. Those attending the conference generally felt that we were successful on these counts. We also engaged the industrial community to a greater extent than ever before in the conference discussion and presentation. We hope these proceedings will facilitate a continued and improved interaction between industrial and research communities. Behavior of inorganic material has long been recognized as one of the major considerations affecting the design and operation of boilers that burn ash-producing fuels. The practical problems associated with the behavior are sometimes catastrophic and spec tacular, ranging from major slag falls that damage the bottom of furnaces to complete plugging of convection passes.

Download or read book Fundamental Studies of the Mechanisms of Slag Deposit Formation written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kinetics of ash deposition on utility boilers have been studied. A heated tube furnace system was used in the study. Areas of consideration in the deposition mechanics were: close space knowledge of chemical composition and distribution of inorganic constituents in coal, transformations and reactions of the inorganic constituents in the flame, ash transport mechanisms, initial adhesion of ash particles to heat transfer surfaces and subsequently to each other to form a deposit, and further interactions of the deposited ash to grow a strong deposit. Interactions of deposited ash that cause changes in physical and chemical properties in an aged deposit are due to processes such as sintering, chemical reactions, and melting. The degree of these changes increases as the deposit grows from the heat transfer surfaces where it forms. All of these changes during the deposit formation process are coal-specific and are strongly dependent on the boiler configuration and operating conditions. 18 refs., 55 figs., 42 tabs.

Download or read book Investigation of Mineral Transformations and Ash Deposition During Staged Combustion Quarterly Technical Progress Report October 1 1995 December 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress during the ninth quarter of a three-year study of ash formation and deposition was made in several areas. One of the key contributions this quarter was the development of an enhanced method for classification of CCSEM data. This classification algorithm permits grouping and comparison of particles previously labeled as ''unclassifiable.'' A second analytical advancement, also made this quarter, provides more detailed information on the distribution of minerals in the coal and the potential for coalescence. This new multiple analysis technique is also applicable to ash and will permit identification of heterogeneous ash particles. Additional analyses of ash samples were also performed and it was found that the firing of Pittsburgh {number_sign}8 under staged combustion conditions yields an ash with a significantly larger particle size distribution than that obtained under conventional firing conditions, but without a significant change in composition. the size difference was noted previously, but the new classification algorithm allowed a detailed comparison of all composition groups, including unclassifiable particles, in the ashes. A mechanistic explanation for this behavior has been developed and is provided in the report. Finally, a paper documenting the new classification algorithm has been prepared and is scheduled for presentation at the March ACS meeting in New Orleans.