Download or read book Functionalization of Nanomaterial Surfaces for Light harvesting and Nanotoxicology Applications written by Becca Anne Putans and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to their unique reactivity and properties, nanomaterials are being used in many industrial and consumer products and applications. One area of particular interest to the work presented here is the harvesting of solar energy for electricity. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are reaching efficiencies where they are becoming viable options for consumer use. A nanoparticle film of metal oxides is used as a coating on one electrode to effectively separate charge carriers and move them through the external circuit to do work. The most commonly used materials for DSSCs are Ru based dyes and TiO2. In this work we have developed a new surface functionalization method that will allow for the use of other, more earth-abundant materials, such as Cu(I). This is accomplished by first attaching a "building-block" ligand to the metal oxide surface and then creating the rest of the light-harvester in situ. The on-surface assembly allows for regeneration of the photo-active molecule on the surface and eliminates the need to synthesize the full light absorbing complex with a binding group that will attach to the metal oxide. Nanoparticles are also being used in consumer products such as food, cosmetics, and clothing. These materials will inevitably end up in the environment and coming into contact with biological organisms, however, their toxicological effects are widely disputed. Some studies have shown that nanoparticles induce a toxic response in model organisms, while other studies show that the capping ligand around the particle is what is inducing this response. In this work we have developed a library of ligands that can be used on two model systems, gold and diamond, where we only manipulate one variable at a time. The ligands have a modular head group that allows for control of charge while keeping the backbone structure the same. In this way we will be able to tease out which variable has the most influence over biological interaction, the properties of the core material, or the properties of the ligand shell.

Download or read book Functionalization of Nanomaterial Surfaces for Light harvesting and Nanotoxicology Applications written by Becca Anne Putans and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to their unique reactivity and properties, nanomaterials are being used in many industrial and consumer products and applications. One area of particular interest to the work presented here is the harvesting of solar energy for electricity. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are reaching efficiencies where they are becoming viable options for consumer use. A nanoparticle film of metal oxides is used as a coating on one electrode to effectively separate charge carriers and move them through the external circuit to do work. The most commonly used materials for DSSCs are Ru based dyes and TiO2. In this work we have developed a new surface functionalization method that will allow for the use of other, more earth-abundant materials, such as Cu(I). This is accomplished by first attaching a "building-block" ligand to the metal oxide surface and then creating the rest of the light-harvester in situ. The on-surface assembly allows for regeneration of the photo-active molecule on the surface and eliminates the need to synthesize the full light absorbing complex with a binding group that will attach to the metal oxide. Nanoparticles are also being used in consumer products such as food, cosmetics, and clothing. These materials will inevitably end up in the environment and coming into contact with biological organisms, however, their toxicological effects are widely disputed. Some studies have shown that nanoparticles induce a toxic response in model organisms, while other studies show that the capping ligand around the particle is what is inducing this response. In this work we have developed a library of ligands that can be used on two model systems, gold and diamond, where we only manipulate one variable at a time. The ligands have a modular head group that allows for control of charge while keeping the backbone structure the same. In this way we will be able to tease out which variable has the most influence over biological interaction, the properties of the core material, or the properties of the ligand shell

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing with Functionalized Nanomaterials written by Sunpreet Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.264 pages Approx.264 pages

Download or read book Functionalized Nanoparticles and Surfaces for Controlled Chemical Catalysis and Effective Light Harvesting written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have prepared a range of such arrays as key components for biotechnology and photonic applications. These involve self-assembled arrays of increasing complexity with three-dimensionally disposed multilayer interactions. These arrays also include dendrimers as the distinguishing structural building blocks. These photoactive integrated systems have a regular, highly-branched, three-dimensional architecture. Structural modifications of these units include variation of the core, bridging layers, and terminal groups. These modifications result in a large array of dendritic molecules with potential applications for light harvesting.

Download or read book Nanotoxicology for Agricultural and Environmental Applications written by Mahendra Rai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-28 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published as part of Elsevier’s series, Nanobiotechnology for Plant Protection, Nanotoxicology for Agricultural and Environmental Applications provides an introduction to nanotechnology and its applications in agriculture and the environment.Divided into five parts, this book addresses nanotechnology and regulations, nanotoxicity, nanotoxicity to agriculture and food, nanotoxicity to the environment, and risk management measures to avoid exposure.Students, practitioners, and researchers working in plant science, agricultural science, nanoscience, and environmental chemistry alike will benefit from this necessary reference. Highlights the factors contributing to toxic effects of nanoparticles, including shape, size, structure, surface charge, and dosage Explores the mode of action and entry of nanoparticles, methods of toxicity evaluation, and the associated challenges Describes recent developments in nanotoxicity to soil ecosystems, crop plants, and food systems Emphasizes the impact of nanoparticles and their detoxification by plants on the nutritional quality of food and plants Discusses the impact of toxicity of nanoparticles released in air, soil, and water and methods to reduce their effects

Download or read book Handbook of Nanomaterials for Industrial Applications written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 1143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Nanomaterials for Industrial Applications explores the use of novel nanomaterials in the industrial arena. The book covers nanomaterials and the techniques that can play vital roles in many industrial procedures, such as increasing sensitivity, magnifying precision and improving production limits. In addition, the book stresses that these approaches tend to provide green, sustainable solutions for industrial developments. Finally, the legal, economical and toxicity aspects of nanomaterials are covered in detail, making this is a comprehensive, important resource for anyone wanting to learn more about how nanomaterials are changing the way we create products in modern industry. Demonstrates how cutting-edge developments in nanomaterials translate into real-world innovations in a range of industry sectors Explores how using nanomaterials can help engineers to create innovative consumer products Discusses the legal, economical and toxicity issues arising from the industrial applications of nanomaterials

Download or read book Surface Functionalization of 2D Nanomaterials written by Alicia Marie Tripp and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the fundamental surface chemistry and reactivity of technologically relevant 2D nanomaterials is essential for the improvement of current nanomaterials and the design of novel materials in the future. Black phosphorus (BP) and MXenes are 2D materials that are growing in popularity due to their unique physical and chemical properties. They have great technological promise, and in order for them to reach their full potential in various applications such as sensing, contamination remediation, and energy storage, their interactions with surrounding matrices and molecular species must be controlled. Because the surface of these materials is the first to interact with their surroundings, successful manipulation and control over their surface chemistry is necessary to control their interactions. The grafting of organic molecular layers onto nanomaterial surfaces has proven to be a valuable strategy to control material properties and their interactions with their surrounding environment. Herein, we present new strategies to covalently bind organic molecules to BP and Ti3C2Tx MXene surfaces. Changes in surface chemistry that occurred during functionalization procedures were monitored and quantified using extensive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies. We investigated light-induced grafting of terminal alkenes to BP surfaces using 1H-1H-2H-perfluoro-1-decene (PFD) as a model alkene. Our results for PFD show that the reaction is self-terminating and exhibits monolayer coverages. Additionally, we show that the reaction does not induce significant surface oxidation. We propose a molecular bonding configuration and mechanism for this reaction that aligns with the results of past studies on photochemical functionalization of terminal alkenes to semiconductor and carbon surfaces. We also investigated the generalizability of this reaction using 1-decene and allylpentafluorobenzene. In our studies of these two molecules, we determined that there is preferential adsorption of carbon oxide species to pristine black phosphorus surfaces, which hinders surface functionalization. While this finding presents a challenge towards the application of this chemistry to different organic molecules, it is a valuable insight into the surface reactivity of black phosphorus. We also investigated the thermal grafting of primary alkyl halides to 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene surfaces using 6-bromohexanenitrile (6BHN) as a model molecule. Our XPS data for 6BHN show that while a small amount of spontaneous grafting may occur, the reaction is greatly enhanced with heat and results in sizable surface coverages. Our results suggest that there are likely two grafting modes that occur on the surface: one at the terminal Br-C site at short time scales and the other at the nitrile end of the molecule at longer time scales. Additionally, our functionalization methods were shown to not oxidize the MXene surface. We further investigated the reactivity of primary halides on MXene surfaces using 1-iodooctane and 1-bromooctane. The observed similarities between their reactivity and that of 6BHN indicate that this chemistry can be generalized to other primary iodides and bromides.

Download or read book Functionalized Surfaces and Surface Functionalization of Nanomaterials written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature leads, we follow. But nanotechnologists are in hot pursuit, in designing controllable structures that can mimic naturally occurring and artificially synthesized materials on a common platform. The supramolecular chemistry concerns the investigation of nature principles to produce fascinating complexed and functional molecular assemblies, as well as the utilization of these principles to generate novel devices and materials, potentially useful for sensing, catalysis, transport and other applications in medical or engineering science. The work presented in this thesis is a compilation of different synthetic methods to achieve inorganic-organic hybrid nanomaterials. Silicatein, a protein enzyme, which acts both as a catalyst and template for the formation of silica needles in marine sponges, has been used for the biosynthesis of semiconductor metal oxides on surfaces. Silicatein was immobilized on gold (111) surfaces using alkane thiol, as well as on a novel self-assembly of NTA on top of a "cushion" of reactive ester polymer has been successfully employed to make functionalised surfaces. The immobilization of silicatein on surfaces was monitored by surface plasmon spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Surface bound silicatein retains its biocatalytic activity, which was demonstrated by monitoring its hydrocatalytic activity to catalyse the synthesis of biosilica, biotitania, and biozirconia. The synthesis of semiconductor metal oxides was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. This hydrolytic biocatalyst is used to synthesize the gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles are formed by reduction of tetrachloroaurate, AuCl4-, by the action of sulfhydryl groups hidden below the surface groups of the protein. The resulting gold nanoparticles which are stabilized by surface bound silicatein further aggregate to form Au nanocrystals. The shape of the nanocrystals obtained by using recombinant silicatein is controlle.

Download or read book Micro Nano Surface Functionalization of Materials and Thin Films for Optical Applications written by Ramón Escobar-Galindo and published by . This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the articles collected for the Special Issue entitled "Micro-nano Surface Functionalization of Materials and Thin Films for Optical Applications" in the journal Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). These selected articles provide a meaningful overview of recent advances and concepts beyond the state-of-the-art regarding surface functionalization of materials and deposition of thin films to be used in optical applications. The aim was to cover all relevant aspects of the topic (simulation, design, fabrication, characterization and applications) with a special emphasis on nonconventional methods for surface modification of materials, combinations of mature fabrication routes with emerging technologies (i.e., additive manufacturing) and largearea fabrication concepts to pave the way to an industrial utilization of the developed materials. This overview comprises the recent work of reputed scientists from Germany, Austria, Spain and India on: - New developments on the scale-up deposition of transparent conductive materials by magnetron sputtering, - Design of hierarchical surface structures at different scale lengths for nanoimprinting of optical nano- and micro-structures, - Non-conventional preparation of rutile-type TiO2 films at room temperature for optical applications on heat-sensitive substrates, - Design of spectrally selective solar absorber coatings based on computational simulation and ellipsometry measurements.

Download or read book Nanoparticles Synthesis Surface Modification and Functionalization for Biological and Environmental Applications written by Abuelmagd M. Abdelmonem and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Functionalized Surfaces and Surface Functionalization of Nanomaterials written by Muhammad Nawaz Tahir and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Synthesis and Surface Functionalization on Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Optical Applications written by Yuhang Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on the synthesis of novel functional materials based on plasmonic nanoparticles. Three systems with targeted surface modification and functionalization have been designed and synthesized, involving modified perylenediimide doped silica-coated silver nanowires, polydopamine or TiO2 coated gold-palladium nanorods and thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-SH)/dodecanethiol (DDT) modified silver nanospheres. Their possible applications as plasmonic resonators, chiral sensors as well as photo-catalysts have been studied. In addition, the interaction between silver nanospheres and 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) molecules has also been investigated in detail. In the first part of the thesis, surface modification on Ag nanowires (NWs) with optimized silica coating through a modified Stöber method has been firstly conducted, employing sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to replace ammonia solution (NH4OH). The coated silver nanowires with a smooth silica shell have been investigated by single-particle dark-field scattering spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron-energy loss spectroscopy to characterize the morphologies and structural components. The silica-coated silver nanowires can be further functionalized with fluorescent molecules in the silica shell via a facile one-step coating method. The as-synthesized nanowire is further coupled with a gold nanosphere by spin-coating for the application of the sub-diffractional chiral sensor for the first time. [...].

Download or read book Surface Functionalization of Nanoparticles and Electrodes in Organic Light emitting Diodes written by Anna Reckmann and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanoparticle Functionalization and Grafting from Chemistry for Controlling Surface Properties and Nanocomposite Behavior written by Elizabeth M. Glogowski and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design synthesis and characterization of functionalized nanoparticles for biomedical applications and energy harvesting written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Functionalization of Nanoparticles for Biological Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analytical Applications of Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-08-04 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes recent progress due to novel functionalized magnetic nanoparticles in the analytical chemistry arena and addresses the challenges for their use in that area.