Download or read book Functional Neuroanatomy of Sustained Attention and Exogenous Alerting Following Naturalistic Recovery from Moderate to severe Traumatic Brain Injury microform written by Nadine Marie Richard and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2005 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustained attention (SA) refers to the endogenous ("top-down") control of attentional resources to implement goal-directed behaviour over time. SA relies on a right-lateralized frontal-thalamic-parietal brain network, with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as the primary substrate for supervisory control. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes frontal damage and SA deficits. Neuroplastic mechanisms and/or the existence of alternate (degenerate) systems offer possible routes for recovery of endogenous control, with the additional possibility of attentional re-engagment though exogenous ("bottom-up") stimulation (e.g. via alerting tones). This fMRI study revealed recovered sustained attention in five patients who sustained significant TBI at least one year ago. Rather than right DLPFC, patients activated right ventrolateral and medial PFC including anterior cingulate. Thalamic and parietal SA network components were preserved. In contrast to control subjects, alerting cues did not reduce "top-down" activations in TBI patients. These findings suggest that sustained attention in patients recovered from TBI is mediated by alternate prefrontal regions.
Download or read book Time Distortions in Mind written by Argiro Vatakis and published by . This book was released on 2015-05 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time Distortions in Mind brings together current research on temporal processing in clinical populations to elucidate the interdependence between perturbations in timing and disturbances in the mind and brain. For the student, the scientist, and the stepping-stone for further research.
Download or read book Emotion Oriented Systems written by Paolo Petta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotion pervades human life in general, and human communication in particular, and this sets information technology a challenge. Traditionally, IT has focused on allowing people to accomplish practical tasks efficiently, setting emotion to one side. That was acceptable when technology was a small part of life, but as technology and life become increasingly interwoven we can no longer ask people to suspend their emotional nature and habits when they interact with technology. The European Commission funded a series of related research projects on emotion and computing, culminating in the HUMAINE project which brought together leading academic researchers from the many related disciplines. This book grew out of that project, and its chapters are arranged according to its working areas: theories and models; signals to signs; data and databases; emotion in interaction; emotion in cognition and action; persuasion and communication; usability; and ethics and good practice. The fundamental aim of the book is to offer researchers an overview of the related areas, sufficient for them to do credible work on affective or emotion-oriented computing. The book serves as an academically sound introduction to the range of disciplines involved – technical, empirical and conceptual – and will be of value to researchers in the areas of artificial intelligence, psychology, cognition and user—machine interaction.
Download or read book Classification of Developmental Language Disorders written by Ludo Verhoeven and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003-09-12 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapters written by leading authorities offer current perspectives on the origins and development of language disorders. They address the question: How can the child's linguistic environment be restructured so that children at risk can develop important adaptive skills in the domains of self-care, social interaction, and problem solving? This theory-based, but practical book emphasizes the importance of accurate definitions of subtypes for assessment and intervention. It will be of interest to students, researchers, and practitioners in the field of developmental language disorders.
Download or read book Memory and Technology written by Jason R. Finley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How is technology changing the way people remember? This book explores the interplay of memory stored in the brain (internal memory) and outside of the brain (external memory), providing a thorough interdisciplinary review of the current literature, including relevant theoretical frameworks from across a variety of disciplines in the sciences, arts, and humanities. It also presents the findings of a rich and novel empirical data set, based on a comprehensive survey on the shifting interplay of internal and external memory in the 21st century. Results reveal a growing symbiosis between the two forms of memory in our everyday lives. The book presents a new theoretical framework for understanding the interplay of internal and external memory, and their complementary strengths. It concludes with a guide to important dimensions, questions, and methods for future research. Memory and Technology will be of interest to researchers, professors, and students across the disciplines of psychology, philosophy, library and information science, human factors, media and cultural studies, anthropology and archaeology, photography, and cognitive rehabilitation, as well as anyone interested in how technology is affecting human memory. _____ "This is a novel book, with interesting and valuable data on an important, meaningful topic, as well as a gathering of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary ideas...The research is accurately represented and inclusive. As a teaching tool, I can envision graduate seminars in different disciplines drawing on the material as the basis for teaching and discussions." Dr. Linda A. Henkel, Fairfield University "This book documents the achievements of a vibrant scientific project – you feel the enthusiasm of the authors for their research. The organization of the manuscript introduces the reader into a comparatively new field the same way as pioneering authors have approached it." Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schönpflug, Freie Universität Berlin
Download or read book Behavioral and Social Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1933, President Herbert Hoover commissioned the "Ogburn Report," a comprehensive study of social trends in the United States. Fifty years later, a symposium of noted social and behavioral scientists marked the report's anniversary with a book of their own from the Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. The 10 chapters presented here relate the developments detailed in the "Ogburn Report" to modern social trends. This book discusses recent major strides in the social and behavioral sciences, including sociology, psychology, anthropology, economics, and linguistics.
Download or read book Residual Effects of Abused Drugs on Behavior written by John William Spencer and published by Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Servic. This book was released on 1990 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book States of Consciousness written by Dean Cvetkovic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this accessible overview of current knowledge, an expert team of editors and authors describe experimental approaches to consciousness. These approaches are shedding light on some of the hitherto unknown aspects of the distinct states of human consciousness, including the waking state, different states of sleep and dreaming, meditation and more. The book presents the latest research studies by the contributing authors, whose specialities span neuroscience, neurology, biomedical engineering, clinical psychology and psychophysiology, psychosocial medicine and anthropology. Overall this anthology provides the reader with a clear picture of how different states of consciousness can be defined, experimentally measured and analysed. A future byproduct of this knowledge may be anticipated in the development of systematic corrective treatments for many disorders and pathological problems of consciousness.
Download or read book Handbook of Medical Hallucinogens written by Charles S. Grob and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook reviews promising applications of psychedelics in treatment of such challenging psychiatric problems as posttraumatic stress disorder, major depression, substance use disorders, and end-of-life anxiety. Experts from multiple disciplines synthesize current knowledge on psilocybin, MDMA, ketamine, and other medical hallucinogens. The volume comprehensively examines these substances' neurobiological mechanisms, clinical effects, therapeutic potential, risks, and anthropological and historical contexts. Coverage ranges from basic science to practical clinical considerations, including patient screening and selection, dosages and routes of administration, how psychedelic-assisted sessions are structured and conducted, and management of adverse reactions.
Download or read book Quagga and Zebra Mussels written by Thomas F. Nalepa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-25 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction and rapid spread of two Eurasian mussel species, Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (quagga mussel), in waters of North America has caused great concern among industrial and recreational water users. These invasive species can create substantial problems for raw water users such as water treatment facilities and power plants, and they can have other negative impacts by altering aquatic environments. In the 20 years since the first edition of this book was published, zebra mussels have continued to spread, and quagga mussels have become the greater threat in the Great Lakes, in deep regions of large lakes, and in the southwestern Unites States. Quagga mussels have also expanded greatly in eastern and western Europe since the first book edition was published. Quagga and Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts, and Control, Second Edition provides a broad view of the zebra/quagga mussel issue, offering a historic perspective and up-to-date information on mussel research. Comprising 48 chapters, this second edition includes reviews of mussel morphology, physiology, and behavior. It details mussel distribution and spread in Europe and across North America, and examines policy and regulatory responses, management strategies, and mitigation efforts. In addition, this book provides extensive coverage of the impact of invasive mussel species on freshwater ecosystems, including effects on water clarity, phytoplankton, water quality, food web changes, and consequences to other aquatic fauna. It also reviews and offers new insights on how zebra and quagga mussels respond and adapt to varying environmental conditions. This new edition includes seven video clips that complement chapter text and, through visual documentation, provide a greater understanding of mussel behavior and distribution.
Download or read book Cocaine in the Brain written by Nora D. Volkow and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In discussing the consequences of cocaine use on individuals and society, this volume presents up-to-date research on brain mechanisms of cocaine use including the historical/social and psychological perspectives. The publication assists readers in comprehending the cocaine problem from multiple perspectives, beginning with the neural mechanisms of craving and leading to new approaches to developing effective diagnostic, treatment, and prevention programs. Topics include: populations at risk for cocaine use and subsequent consequences, synaptic effects and adaptations of cocaine, imaging techniques in the investigation of the effects of cocaine in the brain, and medical, endocrinological, and pharmacological aspects of cocaine addiction.
Download or read book Frontal Lobe written by Andrea E. Cavanna and published by Nova Biomedical Books. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The frontal lobes, which constitute about one-third of the entire cerebral cortex, have long fascinated scientific explorers of human behaviour. There are multiple reasons for this: the frontal lobes are the most recently evolved parts of the brain of Homo sapiens and can be viewed as the executive centre of the entire nervous system, subserving the key function of goal-oriented behaviour and reconciling internal emotional states with the demands of the external environment. This book presents some of the latest research on the structure and functional role of the frontal lobes, as revealed by both physiological and pathological studies. This timely and comprehensive volume exemplifies that only a truly multidisciplinary and collaborative effort from the allied disciplines of neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropathology, neuroimaging, neuropsychology and neuropsychiatry will result in a better understanding of the wide-reaching implications of frontal lobe dysfunction.
Download or read book Behavioral Neurobiology of Anxiety and Its Treatment written by Murray B. Stein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is part of a series on Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, which has as its focus anxiety and its treatment. We have brought together a distinguished cadre of authors with the aim of covering a broad array of topics related to anxiety disorders, ranging from clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, preclinical neuroscience, and animal models to established and innovative therapeutic approaches. The book aims at bridging these disciplines to provide an update of literature relevant to understanding anxiety, its consequences, and its management. Following is a brief overview of the chapters and their content, meant to serve as a guide to navigating the book. The ?rst section covers clinical aspects of anxiety disorders. Joe Bienvenu and colleagues provide an incisive overview of diagnostic considerations in the anxiety disorders in which they emphasize the strengths and shortcomings of our current nosologic systems. This is followed by a review and update of the epidemiology of anxiety disorders by Ron Kessler and colleagues, which provides an authoritative survey of anxiety disorder incidence, prevalence, and risk factors. This is comp- mented by a comprehensive review of the literature on disorders that co-occur with anxiety disorders by Kathleen Merikangas and Sonja Alsemgeest Swanson. Their review highlights the tremendous comorbidity that occurs not only within the anxiety disorders, but also with other mental and physical health conditions.
Download or read book Cocaine and Other Stimulants written by Everett Ellinwood and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a collection of articles that were presented at a conference on contemporary issues in stimulant research held at Duke University Medical Center, November 10-12, 1975.
Download or read book Timing and Time Perception Procedures Measures Applications written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timing and Time Perception: Procedures, Measures, and Applications is a one-of-a-kind, collective effort to present the most utilized and known methods on timing and time perception. Specifically, it covers methods and analysis on circadian timing, synchrony perception, reaction/response time, time estimation, and alternative methods for clinical/developmental research. The book includes experimental protocols, programming code, and sample results and the content ranges from very introductory to more advanced so as to cover the needs of both junior and senior researchers. We hope that this will be the first step in future efforts to document experimental methods and analysis both in a theoretical and in a practical manner. Contributors are: Patricia V. Agostino, Rocío Alcalá-Quintana, Fuat Balcı, Karin Bausenhart, Richard Block, Ivana L. Bussi, Carlos S. Caldart, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Xiaoqin Chen, Ángel Correa, Massimiliano Di Luca, Céline Z. Duval, Mark T. Elliott, Dagmar Fraser, David Freestone, Miguel A. García-Pérez, Anne Giersch, Simon Grondin, Nori Jacoby, Florian Klapproth, Franziska Kopp, Maria Kostaki, Laurence Lalanne, Giovanna Mioni, Trevor B. Penney, Patrick E. Poncelet, Patrick Simen, Ryan Stables, Rolf Ulrich, Argiro Vatakis, Dominic Ward, Alan M. Wing, Kieran Yarrow, and Dan Zakay.
Download or read book The Physical Basis of The Direction of Time written by H. Dieter Zeh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thoroughly revised 5th edition of Zeh's classic text investigates irreversible phenomena and their foundation in classical, quantum and cosmological settings. It includes new sections on the meaning of probabilities in a cosmological context, irreversible aspects of quantum computers, and various consequences of the expansion of the Universe. In particular, the book offers an analysis of the physical concept of time.
Download or read book Children with Specific Language Impairment written by Laurence B. Leonard and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children with Specific Language Impairment covers all aspects of SLI, including its history, possible genetic and neurobiological origins, and clinical and educational practice.
