Download or read book Functional Networks with Applications written by Enrique Castillo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial neural networks have been recognized as a powerful tool to learn and reproduce systems in various fields of applications. Neural net works are inspired by the brain behavior and consist of one or several layers of neurons, or computing units, connected by links. Each artificial neuron receives an input value from the input layer or the neurons in the previ ous layer. Then it computes a scalar output from a linear combination of the received inputs using a given scalar function (the activation function), which is assumed the same for all neurons. One of the main properties of neural networks is their ability to learn from data. There are two types of learning: structural and parametric. Structural learning consists of learning the topology of the network, that is, the number of layers, the number of neurons in each layer, and what neurons are connected. This process is done by trial and error until a good fit to the data is obtained. Parametric learning consists of learning the weight values for a given topology of the network. Since the neural functions are given, this learning process is achieved by estimating the connection weights based on the given information. To this aim, an error function is minimized using several well known learning methods, such as the backpropagation algorithm. Unfortunately, for these methods: (a) The function resulting from the learning process has no physical or engineering interpretation. Thus, neural networks are seen as black boxes.
Download or read book Brain Network Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Illness written by Vaibhav A. Diwadkar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain network function and dysfunction is the dominant model for understanding how the brain gives rise to normal and abnormal behavior. Moreover, neuropsychiatric illnesses continue to resist attempts to reveal an understanding of their bases. Thus, this timely volume provides a synthesis of the uses of multiple analytic methods as they are applied to neuroimaging data, to seek understanding of the neurobiological bases of psychiatric illnesses, understanding that can subsequently aid in their management and treatment. A principle focus is on the analyses and application of methods to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. fMRI remains the most widely used neuroimaging technique for estimating brain network function, and several of the methods covered can estimate brain network dysfunction in resting and task-active states. Additional chapters provide details on how these methods are (and can be) applied in the understanding of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, autism, borderline personality disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A final complement of chapters provides a collective overview of how this framework continues to provoke theoretical advances in our conception of the brain in psychiatry. This unique volume is designed to be a comprehensive resource for imaging researchers interested in psychiatry, and for psychiatrists interested in advanced imaging applications.
Download or read book The Graph Theoretical Approach in Brain Functional Networks written by Fabrizio Fallani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book illustrates the theoretical aspects of several methodologies related to the possibility of i) enhancing the poor spatial information of the electroencephalographic (EEG) activity on the scalp and giving a measure of the electrical activity on the cortical surface. ii) estimating the directional influences between any given pair of channels in a multivariate dataset. iii) modeling the brain networks as graphs. The possible applications are discussed in three different experimental designs regarding i) the study of pathological conditions during a motor task, ii) the study of memory processes during a cognitive task iii) the study of the instantaneous dynamics throughout the evolution of a motor task in physiological conditions. The main outcome from all those studies indicates clearly that the performance of cognitive and motor tasks as well as the presence of neural diseases can affect the brain network topology. This evidence gives the power of reflecting cerebral "states" or "traits" to the mathematical indexes derived from the graph theory. In particular, the observed structural changes could critically depend on patterns of synchronization and desynchronization - i.e. the dynamic binding of neural assemblies - as also suggested by a wide range of previous electrophysiological studies. Moreover, the fact that these patterns occur at multiple frequencies support the evidence that brain functional networks contain multiple frequency channels along which information is transmitted. The graph theoretical approach represents an effective means to evaluate the functional connectivity patterns obtained from scalp EEG signals. The possibility to describe the complex brain networks sub-serving different functions in humans by means of "numbers" is a promising tool toward the generation of a better understanding of the brain functions. Table of Contents: Introduction / Brain Functional Connectivity / Graph Theory / High-Resolution EEG / Cortical Networks in Spinal Cord Injured Patients / Cortical Networks During a Lifelike Memory Task / Application to Time-varying Cortical Networks / Conclusions
Download or read book Functional Brain Mapping of Epilepsy Networks Methods and Applications written by David F. Abbott and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional and structural brain network construction representation and application written by Mingxia Liu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-06 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neuronal Networks in Brain Function CNS Disorders and Therapeutics written by Carl Faingold and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-12-26 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuronal Networks in Brain Function, CNS Disorders, and Therapeutics, edited by two leaders in the field, offers a current and complete review of what we know about neural networks. How the brain accomplishes many of its more complex tasks can only be understood via study of neuronal network control and network interactions. Large networks can undergo major functional changes, resulting in substantially different brain function and affecting everything from learning to the potential for epilepsy. With chapters authored by experts in each topic, this book advances the understanding of: How the brain carries out important tasks via networks How these networks interact in normal brain function Major mechanisms that control network function The interaction of the normal networks to produce more complex behaviors How brain disorders can result from abnormal interactions How therapy of disorders can be advanced through this network approach This book will benefit neuroscience researchers and graduate students with an interest in networks, as well as clinicians in neuroscience, pharmacology, and psychiatry dealing with neurobiological disorders. Utilizes perspectives and tools from various neuroscience subdisciplines (cellular, systems, physiologic), making the volume broadly relevant Chapters explore normal network function and control mechanisms, with an eye to improving therapies for brain disorders Reflects predominant disciplinary shift from an anatomical to a functional perspective of the brain Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available
Download or read book Dynamic Network Analysis with Applications to Functional Neural Connectivity written by Arash Golibagh Mahyari and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pattern Recognition Using Neural and Functional Networks written by Vasantha Kalyani David and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-20 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biologically inspiredcomputing isdi?erentfromconventionalcomputing.Ithas adi?erentfeel; often the terminology does notsound like it’stalkingabout machines.The activities ofthiscomputingsoundmorehumanthanmechanistic as peoplespeak ofmachines that behave, react, self-organize,learn, generalize, remember andeven to forget.Much ofthistechnology tries to mimic nature’s approach in orderto mimicsome of nature’s capabilities.They havearigorous, mathematical basisand neuralnetworks forexamplehaveastatistically valid set on which the network istrained. Twooutlinesaresuggestedasthepossibletracksforpatternrecognition.They are neuralnetworks andfunctionalnetworks.NeuralNetworks (many interc- nected elements operating in parallel) carryout tasks that are not only beyond the scope ofconventionalprocessing but also cannotbeunderstood in the same terms.Imagingapplicationsfor neuralnetworksseemtobea natural?t.Neural networks loveto do pattern recognition. A new approachto pattern recognition usingmicroARTMAP together with wavelet transforms in the context ofhand written characters,gestures andsignatures havebeen dealt.The KohonenN- work,Back Propagation Networks andCompetitive Hop?eld NeuralNetwork havebeen considered for various applications. Functionalnetworks,beingageneralizedformofNeuralNetworkswherefu- tionsarelearnedratherthanweightsiscomparedwithMultipleRegressionAn- ysisforsome applicationsandtheresults are seen to be coincident. New kinds of intelligence can be added to machines, and we will havethe possibilityof learningmore about learning.Thus our imaginationsand options are beingstretched.These new machines will be fault-tolerant,intelligentand self-programmingthustryingtomakethemachinessmarter.Soastomakethose who use the techniques even smarter. Chapter1 isabrief introduction toNeural and Functionalnetworks in the context of Patternrecognitionusing these disciplinesChapter2 givesa review ofthearchitectures relevantto the investigation andthedevelopment ofthese technologies in the past few decades. Retracted VIII Preface Chapter3begins with the lookattherecognition ofhandwritten alphabets usingthealgorithm for ordered list ofboundary pixelsas well as the Ko- nenSelf-Organizing Map (SOM).Chapter 4 describes the architecture ofthe MicroARTMAP and its capability.
Download or read book Advanced Brain Neuroimaging Topics in Health and Disease written by Dorina Papageorgiou and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2014-05-31 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex computational device we know, consisting of highly interacting and redundant networks of areas, supporting specific brain functions. The rules by which these areas organize themselves to perform specific computations have only now started to be uncovered. Advances in non-invasive neuroimaging technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the functional anatomy of cortical circuits in health and disease states, which is the focus of this book. The first section of this book focuses on methodological issues, such as combining functional MRI technology with other brain imaging modalities. The second section examines the application of brain neuroimaging to understand cognitive, visual, auditory, motor and decision-making networks, as well as neurological diseases. The use of non-invasive neuroimaging technologies will continue to stimulate an exponential growth in understanding basic brain processes, largely as a result of sustained advances in neuroimaging methods and applications.
Download or read book Novel Tools for the Study of Structural and Functional Networks in the Brain written by Luis M. Colon-Perez and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the history of neuroscience, technological advances are the drivers behind many major advances in our understanding of the nervous system. Investigations of the structure and function of the brain take place on multiple scales, including macroscale at the level of brain regions, mesoscale at the level of neuronal populations, and microscale at the level of single neurons and neuron to neuron interactions. Integration of knowledge over these scales requires novel techniques and interpretations. In this research topic, we highlight nine articles that integrate structural and functional approaches to study brain networks.
Download or read book Information Processing in Medical Imaging written by James C. Gee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging, IPMI 2013, held in Asilomar in June/July 2013. The 26 full papers and 38 poster papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 199 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on connectivity, groupwise registration, neuro segmentation, statistical analysis, dynamic imaging, cortical surface registration, diffusion MRI, functional imaging, torso image analysis, and tract analysis.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence written by Juan Ramon Rabunal and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 1640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is a comprehensive and in-depth reference to the most recent developments in the field covering theoretical developments, techniques, technologies, among others"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Handbook of Neuroengineering written by Nitish V. Thakor and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-02 with total page 3686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook serves as an authoritative reference book in the field of Neuroengineering. Neuroengineering is a very exciting field that is rapidly getting established as core subject matter for research and education. The Neuroengineering field has also produced an impressive array of industry products and clinical applications. It also serves as a reference book for graduate students, research scholars and teachers. Selected sections or a compendium of chapters may be used as “reference book” for a one or two semester graduate course in Biomedical Engineering. Some academicians will construct a “textbook” out of selected sections or chapters. The Handbook is also meant as a state-of-the-art volume for researchers. Due to its comprehensive coverage, researchers in one field covered by a certain section of the Handbook would find other sections valuable sources of cross-reference for information and fertilization of interdisciplinary ideas. Industry researchers as well as clinicians using neurotechnologies will find the Handbook a single source for foundation and state-of-the-art applications in the field of Neuroengineering. Regulatory agencies, entrepreneurs, investors and legal experts can use the Handbook as a reference for their professional work as well.
Download or read book Novel Frontiers of Advanced Neuroimaging written by Kostas Fountas and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-01-09 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging imaging modalities continuously increase the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of neuroimaging, and have transformed diagnostic radiology into a powerful research and clinical tool. Various novel neuroimaging modalities have become of paramount importance, not only in establishing diagnosis but also in guiding surgical intervention, and in evaluating the treatment effect. Advanced MR based techniques such as Fractional Anisotropy, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Proton Spectroscopy, and task-generated as well as resting-state functional MRI have tremendously increased the power of the modern neuroscientist’s armamentarium. The employment of advanced neuroimaging techniques have been expanded in the scientific fields of neuropsychology, consumer’s psychology, and forensic medicine. Our current textbook presents exactly a collection of such innovative work, and explores new frontiers, and future applications of neuroimaging
Download or read book Artificial Neural Networks Formal Models and Their Applications ICANN 2005 written by Wlodzislaw Duch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-08-25 with total page 1051 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first part of the two-volume proceedings of the International C- ference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN 2005), held on September 11–15, 2005 in Warsaw, Poland, with several accompanying workshops held on September 15, 2005 at the Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toru , Poland. The ICANN conference is an annual meeting organized by the European Neural Network Society in cooperation with the International Neural Network Society, the Japanese Neural Network Society, and the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society. It is the premier European event covering all topics concerned with neural networks and related areas. The ICANN series of conferences was initiated in 1991 and soon became the major European gathering for experts in those fields. In 2005 the ICANN conference was organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, and the Nicolaus Copernicus Univ- sity, Toru , Poland. From over 600 papers submitted to the regular sessions and some 10 special c- ference sessions, the International Program Committee selected – after a thorough peer-review process – about 270 papers for publication. The large number of papers accepted is certainly a proof of the vitality and attractiveness of the field of artificial neural networks, but it also shows a strong interest in the ICANN conferences.
Download or read book Progress in Heterocyclic Chemistry written by Gordon W. Gribble and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-02 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the sixteenth annual volume of Progress in Heterocyclic Chemistry, and covers the literature published during 2003 on most of the important heterocyclic ring systems. This volume opens with two specialized reviews. The first covers 'Lamellarins: Isolation, activity and synthesis' a significant group of biologically active marine alkaloids and the second discusses 'Radical Additions to Pyridines, Quinolines and Isoquinolines'. The remaining chapters examine the recent literature on the common heterocycles in order of increasing ring size and the heteroatoms present.
Download or read book Pattern Recognition Using Neural and Functional Networks written by Vasantha Kalyani David and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of pattern is universal in intelligence. This book recounts recent progress in pattern recognition using neural networks and functional networks, including wavelet transforms in the context of handwritten characters, gestures and signatures.
