Download or read book Functional Mechanics of the Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knee written by Doreen A. Birac and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Functional Roles of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Medial Collateral Ligament in Providing Stability to the Canine Knee Joint written by Erin McGurk-Burleson and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knee written by Andrew L. Vogel and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Biomechanics of Functional Knee Bracing on Subjects with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knees During Non weightbearing and Weightbearing Conditions written by Daniel G. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Relating Subjective and Objective Knee Function After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Through Biomechanical and Neuromusculoskeletal Modelling Approaches written by Kenneth Smale and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Knee injuries have a considerable impact on both the person's psychological and physical health. We currently have tools to address each of these aspects but they are often considered independent of each other. Little work has been done to consolidate the subjective and objective functional ability of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured individuals, which can be detrimental when implementing a return-to-play decision-making scheme. The lack of understanding concerning the relationship of these two measures may account for the high incidence of re-injury rates and lower quality of life exhibited by so many of these patients. Purpose: The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to investigate the relationship between subjective and objective measures of functional ability in ACL deficient and ACL reconstructed conditions through biomechanical and neuromusculoskeletal modelling approaches. Methods: This thesis is comprised of five studies based on a single in vivo data collection protocol, medical imaging and in silico data analyses. The in vivo data collection was of test-retest design where ACL deficient patients participated prior to their operation and approximately ten months post-reconstruction. This experimental group was matched to a healthy, uninjured control group, which was tested a single time. The first study of this thesis involved a descriptive analysis of spatiotemporal, neuromuscular, and biomechanical patterns during hopping and side cut tasks in addition to subjective functional ability questionnaires. Then, two novel measures of dynamic knee joint control were developed and applied along with a third measure to determine if changes in joint control exist between the three groups (Study 2). The relationships of these objective measures of functional ability to subjective measures were then examined through correlation and regression models (Study 3). Following this, a method of including magnetic resonance imaging to construct patient-specific models was developed and implemented to determine realistic kinematic and ligament lengthening profiles (Study 4). These patient-specific models were then applied to quantify knee joint loading in the form of contact and ligament forces, which were correlated to subjective measures of functional ability (Study 5). Results: Even though no major differences in neuromuscular patterns were observed between all three groups, it was found that subjective patient-reported outcome measures scores and biomechanical measures in the form of knee flexion angles and extensor moments were lower in the ACL deficient group compared to healthy controls. These differences continued to exist 10 months post-operation as the ACL reconstructed group had not fully recovered to patterns observed in the healthy controls. The current findings also suggest a possible hierarchy in the relationships between objective and subjective measures of functional ability. Basic kinematic objective measures such as knee flexion angle show small to moderate correlations, while more comprehensive measures such as stiffness and joint compressive force show moderate to strong correlations to subjective questionnaires. Finally, this thesis developed patient-specific OpenSim models that were used to produce appropriate kinematics and ligament lengthening with the reduction in soft tissue artefact. Conclusion: This thesis demonstrated that patients who are high-functioning in the ACL deficient state show greater improvements in subjective outcome scores after ACL reconstruction compared to objective measures. Biomechanical and neuromusculoskeletal modelling approaches identified important differences between the healthy and ACL deficient groups that were not resolved post-operatively. Our results also demonstrate that certain subjective and objective measures of functional ability are strongly correlated. The knowledge gained from this test-retest design and novel patient-specific in silico models aids clinicians in managing their expectations regarding the effectiveness of reconstruction and the respective long-term sequelae.

Download or read book A Comparison of the Mechanical Performances of Pre fabricated and Custom Functional Knee Orthoses written by Richard Bowen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment of Functional Knee Bracing an In vivo Three dimensional Kinematic Analysis of the Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knee written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Simulating the Effects of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Treatment on Cartilage Loading During Walking written by Colin Robert Smith and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current treatments for anterior cruciate ligament injury are largely successful at restoring stability to the knee and enabling patients to return to functional activities. However, the long-term outcomes are suboptimal, with high percentages of patients showing signs of early onset osteoarthritis (OA) 10 years post-injury regardless of treatment. In vitro and animal studies indicate that alterations in cartilage loading patterns following injury disrupt tissue homeostasis and are likely a key factor in the initiation of OA. Dynamic imaging studies indicate altered kinematics, and thus loading patterns, are present in ACL deficient and reconstructed knees during functional movements. Thus, improvements in both conservative rehabilitation and surgical reconstruction treatments for ACL injury are necessary to restore cartilage loading and preserve the long-term health of the knee. Musculoskeletal computer simulation provides opportunity to gain insight into the how modification in treatments effect knee mechanics during movement. However, existing simulation frameworks either focus on resolving detailed knee mechanics with finite element models, or the muscle forces necessary to generate a measured movement using musculoskeletal models. Few simulation frameworks are capable of simultaneously resolving whole-body and joint scale dynamics. Traditionally, despite the substantial uncertainty in model parameters and the objective used to resolved muscle redundancy, musculoskeletal simulations have been performed in a deterministic manner. This dissertation introduces the Concurrent Optimization of Muscle Activations and Kinematics (COMAK) framework to predict muscle forces and knee joint mechanics during movement in a probabilistic manner. The COMAK framework was then applied to investigate conservative and surgical treatments for ACL injury. The framework predictions indicate that wear patterns in ACL and menisci deficient knees correspond with regions that experience increased contact pressure during walking. To better inform surgical practices, the framework was used to assess the influence of controllable factors (graft stiffness, reference strain, and tunnel locations) on predicted knee mechanics during walking. For conservative treatment, model predictions indicate that cartilage loading patterns during walking cannot be restored solely through altered muscle coordination strategies.

Download or read book Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency written by Dev K. Mishra and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Functional Knee Appliances in Controlling Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knees written by Monica Kosiuk and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of three functional knee braces in stabilizing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knees. The subject sample consisted of eighteen males and females with a unilateral ACL deficiency." --

Download or read book Three Dimensional Knee Joint Kinematics and Lower Limb Muscle Activity of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knee Joint Participants Wearing a Functional Knee Brace During Running written by Daniel Théoret and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Dimensional Knee Joint Kinematics and Lower Limb Muscle Activity of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knee Joint Participants Wearing a Functional Knee Brace During Running written by Daniel Théoret and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of ACL Injury on Gait Mechanics and the Initiation of Osteoarthritis written by Michael Zabala and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injuries to the knee. Unfortunately, individuals who experience this injury are likely to develop osteoarthritis of the knee much earlier than would be expected due to the normal ageing process, and this remains true even after surgical reconstruction of the ligament. Research has suggested that a major contributing factor to the development of premature osteoarthritis is altered knee mechanics which change the loading conditions of the cartilage in the joint. Furthermore, it has been shown that altered knee mechanics are present following rupture of the ACL and persist after reconstruction surgery. Despite initial reports, there still remains a need for a comprehensive understanding of both altered knee mechanics in both ACL deficient and ACL reconstructed knees as well as changes in cartilage morphology following ACL injury. Therefore, the goal of this dissertation is to address the question of the relationship between certain changes in knee mechanics and cartilage morphology as they relate to the development of osteoarthritis following both ACL injury and reconstruction. The first study presented involves an analysis of the knee mechanics in individuals with unilateral ACL deficiencies. This group was important in that they were free of knee pain and had no sign of osteoarthritis on MRI over a time frame that ranged up to three decades from injury. This provided a unique opportunity to explore the potential for a protective functional adaption. The results of this study suggest that alteration in knee mechanics may act as a protective mechanism against osteoarthritis development since when subjects were separated into "Short Term" and "Long Term", based upon the time from injury, only those in the "Long Term" group demonstrated a relationship between the external knee flexion moment, which is representative of the interaction between quadriceps and hamstrings muscle to control rotation and translation during walking. This is indicative of an adaptive control mechanism present in some subjects who were able to last many years after the injury without reconstruction surgery. These results suggest the potential for new methods for rehabilitation following ACL injury. The second study presented involves an analysis of the knee mechanics of individuals with unilateral ACL reconstructions during gait, stair ascent, and stair descent at two years from surgery. The results demonstrate a reduction in the external joint moments of ACL reconstructed knees and an increase in the joint moments of uninjured contralateral knees during each activity compared to healthy controls. This suggests two things: 1.) compensation for residual muscle weakness in the affected limb is needed by the contralateral knee during ambulation and 2.) a decrease in daily joint loading in ACL reconstructed knees and an increase in joint loading in contralateral knees. Decreased loading of the ACL reconstructed knee may seem counterintuitive to what was expected in patients who will likely develop premature osteoarthritis in this knee. However, this finding is consistent with the suggestion that changes in joint kinematics and even decreased joint loading following the injury may contribute to the initial cartilage breakdown. Note: Taken together the results of study 1 and 2 suggest that the interaction between muscle function and kinematics should be further considered in the development of knee OA in this population. The third and final study involves articular cartilage morphology analysis of individuals with unilateral ACL reconstructions at two and four years from surgery. The results illustrate differences between cartilage thickness of ACL reconstructed and healthy contralateral knees at both times of testing. The findings show significantly thinner cartilage in the lateral tibial compartment of ACL reconstructed knees at two years from surgery. These differences became more pronounced at four years from surgery and include the addition of a significantly thicker medial region of the tibia of ACL reconstructed knees compared to healthy contralateral knees. The results indicate that patterns of cartilage thickness change are detectable as early two years following ACL reconstruction, and these patterns become more pronounced at 4 years which suggests cartilage begins a degenerative pathway substantially in advance of clinically detectable OA. This finding is important since it provides a basis for assessing early interventions to reduce the risk of knee OA following ACL injury. This dissertation helps to further the understanding of altered knee mechanics following both ACL rupture and reconstruction. In addition, a possible pattern of OA initiation has been reported. Each of these studies will benefit future studies with the ultimate goal of a complete understanding of OA initiation and development in ACL ruptured and reconstructed knees.

Download or read book Kinematic Analysis of the Utility of Functional Knee Bracing in Restraining the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knee written by Mani Arceneaux Jones and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Multiple Ligament Injured Knee written by Gregory C. Fanelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multiple Ligament Injured Knee: A Practical Guide to Management includes the most developed knowledge needed to successfully diagnose and treat knee ligament injuries. This thorough work presents anterior and posterior cruciate and collateral ligament anatomy and biomechanics along with non-invasive methods for diagnosing the extent of injury, such as radiographic and arthroscopic evaluation. Various injuries are discussed in addition to useful treatment techniques, including arthroscopic reconstruction, posterolateral and posteromedial corner injury and treatment, assessment and treatment of vascular injuries, assessment and treatment of nerve injuries, rehabilitation, and post-operative results. Each of these clearly written chapters is accompanied by a wealth of line drawings and photographs that demonstrate both the surgical and non-surgical approaches to examination and treatment.

Download or read book ACL Injury and Its Treatment written by Mitsuo Ochi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents detailed information on surgically relevant anatomy and histology of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), biomechanics, diagnostics, and ACL reconstruction. In light of the growing body of evidence demonstrating the advantages of anatomic ACL reconstruction over traditional methods, there are also discussions of single anteromedial bundle reconstruction and anatomic ACL reconstruction with abundant descriptions of experimental and clinical studies. In addition, particular attention is given not only to techniques such as ACL augmentation, bone-patella tendon-bone reconstruction and computer-assisted navigation, but it also presents expert analysis of revision of ACL reconstruction, complications, and the future perspectives of ACL reconstruction. Edited by authoritative orthopedic surgeon from the Japanese Orthopaedic Society of Knee, Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine (JOSKAS), this book provides up-to-date information for orthopedic surgeons and physical therapists specializing in the ACL. The research evidence will broaden readers’ understanding and enable them to optimize outcomes for patients. As ACL rupture is a common injury especially for high-level athletes, it will also attract sports trainers and team physicians who are interested in a recent update on this field.

Download or read book The Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Basic Science E Book written by Chadwick Prodromos and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-12-27 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the very latest clinical and technical information on the full range of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques. Both inside the remarkably user-friendly printed version of this Expert Consult title and on its fully searchable web site, you'll find detailed coverage of hamstring, allograft and bone-tendon-bone (BTB) ACL reconstruction (including single versus double bundle techniques), and hamstring graft harvesting; plus fixation devices, rehabilitation, revision ACLR surgery, and much more! A "dream team" of ACL surgeons provides the advanced guidance you need to overcome the toughest challenges in this area. A comparison of the full range of graft options for ACL reconstruction makes it easier to choose the best approach for each patient. State-of-the-art information on the latest principles and technical considerations helps you avoid complications. ‘How to' principles of post-op rehabilitation and revision ACL surgery optimize patient outcome. Access to the full contents of the book online enables you to consult it from any computer and perform rapid searches. Also available in an upgradeable premium online version including fully searchable text PLUS timely updates.