Download or read book Functional and Structural Cortical Specializations for Human Language Revealed by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Karl H. S. Kim and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neuroimaging written by Peter Bright and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rate of technological progress is encouraging increasingly sophisticated lines of enquiry in cognitive neuroscience and shows no sign of slowing down in the foreseeable future. Nevertheless, it is unlikely that even the strongest advocates of the cognitive neuroscience approach would maintain that advances in cognitive theory have kept in step with methods-based developments. There are several candidate reasons for the failure of neuroimaging studies to convincingly resolve many of the most important theoretical debates in the literature. For example, a significant proportion of published functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies are not well grounded in cognitive theory, and this represents a step away from the traditional approach in experimental psychology of methodically and systematically building on (or chipping away at) existing theoretical models using tried and tested methods. Unless the experimental study design is set up within a clearly defined theoretical framework, any inferences that are drawn are unlikely to be accepted as anything other than speculative. A second, more fundamental issue is whether neuroimaging data alone can address how cognitive functions operate (far more interesting to the cognitive scientist than establishing the neuroanatomical coordinates of a given function - the where question).
Download or read book Neuroimaging written by Peter Bright and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rate of technological progress is encouraging increasingly sophisticated lines of enquiry in cognitive neuroscience and shows no sign of slowing down in the foreseeable future. Nevertheless, it is unlikely that even the strongest advocates of the cognitive neuroscience approach would maintain that advances in cognitive theory have kept in step with methods-based developments. There are several candidate reasons for the failure of neuroimaging studies to convincingly resolve many of the most important theoretical debates in the literature. For example, a significant proportion of published functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies are not well grounded in cognitive theory, and this represents a step away from the traditional approach in experimental psychology of methodically and systematically building on (or chipping away at) existing theoretical models using tried and tested methods. Unless the experimental study design is set up within a clearly defined theoretical framework, any inferences that are drawn are unlikely to be accepted as anything other than speculative. A second, more fundamental issue is whether neuroimaging data alone can address how cognitive functions operate (far more interesting to the cognitive scientist than establishing the neuroanatomical coordinates of a given function - the where question).
Download or read book The Origins of Grammar written by Kathy Hirsh-Pasek and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do children achieve adult grammatical competence? How do they induce syntactical rules from the bewildering linguistic input that surrounds them? The major debates in language acquisition theory today focus not on whether there are some sensitivities to syntactic information but rather which sensitivities are available to children and how they might be translated into the organizing principles that get syntactic learning off the ground. The Origins of Grammar presents a synthesis of work done by the authors, who have pioneered one of the most important methodological advances in language learning in the past decade: the intermodal preferential looking paradigm, which can be used to assess lexical and syntactic knowledge in children as young as 13 months. In addition to drawing together their groundbreaking empirical work, the authors use these results to describe a theory of language learning that emphasizes the role of multiple cues and forces in development. They show how infants shift their reliance on different aspects of the linguistic input, moving from a bias to attend to prosodic information to a reliance on semantic information, and finally to a reliance on the syntax itself. Viewing language acquisition as the product of a biased learner who takes advantage of the information available from a variety of sources in his or her environment, The Origins of Grammar provides a new way of thinking about the process of language comprehension. The analysis borrows insights from theories about the development of mental models, models of early cognitive development and systems theory, and is presented in a way that will be accessible to cognitive and developmental psychologists.
Download or read book Functional and structural brain network construction representation and application written by Mingxia Liu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-06 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional Neuroradiology written by Scott H. Faro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-08 with total page 1015 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional Neuroradiology: Principles and Clinical Applications, is a follow-up to Faro and Mohamed’s groundbreaking work, Functional (BOLD)MRI: Basic Principles and Clinical Applications. This new 49 chapter textbook is comprehensive and offers a complete introduction to the state-of-the-art functional imaging in Neuroradiology, including the physical principles and clinical applications of Diffusion, Perfusion, Permeability, MR spectroscopy, Positron Emission Tomography, BOLD fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging. With chapters written by internationally distinguished neuroradiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, cognitive neuroscientists, and physicists, Functional Neuroradiology is divided into 9 major sections, including: Physical principles of all key functional techniques, Lesion characterization using Diffusion, Perfusion, Permeability, MR spectroscopy, and Positron Emission Tomography, an overview of BOLD fMRI physical principles and key concepts, including scanning methodologies, experimental research design, data analysis, and functional connectivity, Eloquent Cortex and White matter localization using BOLD fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Clinical applications of BOLD fMRI in Neurosurgery, Neurology, Psychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Neuropharmacology, Multi-modality functional Neuroradiology, Beyond Proton Imaging, Functional spine and CSF imaging, a full-color Neuroanatomical Brain atlas of eloquent cortex and key white matter tracts and BOLD fMRI paradigms. By offering readers a complete overview of functional imaging modalities and techniques currently used in patient diagnosis and management, as well as emerging technology, Functional Neuroradiology is a vital information source for physicians and cognitive neuroscientists involved in daily practice and research.
Download or read book The Primate Brain written by Charles Robert Noback and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Micro Meso and Macro Connectomics of the Brain written by Henry Kennedy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has brought together leading investigators who work in the new arena of brain connectomics. This includes ‘macro-connectome’ efforts to comprehensively chart long-distance pathways and functional networks; ‘micro-connectome’ efforts to identify every neuron, axon, dendrite, synapse, and glial process within restricted brain regions; and ‘meso-connectome’ efforts to systematically map both local and long-distance connections using anatomical tracers. This book highlights cutting-edge methods that can accelerate progress in elucidating static ‘hard-wired’ circuits of the brain as well as dynamic interactions that are vital for brain function. The power of connectomic approaches in characterizing abnormal circuits in the many brain disorders that afflict humankind is considered. Experts in computational neuroscience and network theory provide perspectives needed for synthesizing across different scales in space and time. Altogether, this book provides an integrated view of the challenges and opportunities in deciphering brain circuits in health and disease.
Download or read book fMRI written by Stephan Ulmer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, now in its revised and updated third edition, provides a state of the art overview of fMRI and its use in clinical practice. Experts in the field share their knowledge and explain how to overcome diverse potential technical barriers and problems. Starting from the very basics on the origin of the BOLD signal, the book covers technical issues, anatomical landmarks, methods of statistical analysis, and special issues in various clinical fields. Comparisons are made with other brain mapping techniques and their combined use with fMRI is also discussed. Existing chapters have been updated and new chapters have been added in order to account for new applications, further clinical fields and methods, e.g. resting state fMRI. Based on the clinical focus, this book will be of great value for Neuroradiologists, Neurologists, Neurosurgeons but also Researchers in Neuroscience.
Download or read book The Cognitive Neurosciences fifth edition written by Michael S. Gazzaniga and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 1187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth edition of a work that defines the field of cognitive neuroscience, with entirely new material that reflects recent advances in the field. Each edition of this classic reference has proved to be a benchmark in the developing field of cognitive neuroscience. The fifth edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences continues to chart new directions in the study of the biological underpinnings of complex cognition—the relationship between the structural and physiological mechanisms of the nervous system and the psychological reality of the mind. It offers entirely new material, reflecting recent advances in the field. Many of the developments in cognitive neuroscience have been shaped by the introduction of novel tools and methodologies, and a new section is devoted to methods that promise to guide the field into the future—from sophisticated models of causality in brain function to the application of network theory to massive data sets. Another new section treats neuroscience and society, considering some of the moral and political quandaries posed by current neuroscientific methods. Other sections describe, among other things, new research that draws on developmental imaging to study the changing structure and function of the brain over the lifespan; progress in establishing increasingly precise models of memory; research that confirms the study of emotion and social cognition as a core area in cognitive neuroscience; and new findings that cast doubt on the so-called neural correlates of consciousness.
Download or read book Language written by Giovanna Zardini and published by John Libbey Eurotext. This book was released on 2006 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive monograph updates progress in understanding children's language learning and its pathologies. It stresses the neurologic basis of normal language acquisition and the consequences of a variety of disorders using such tools as detailed analysis of language comprehension, production and use, as well as functional brain imaging and electrophysiology. It also underlines the import6ance of subcortical circuitry and inner speech and reviews the unfolding or regression of language of language in focal brain lesions, autism, Williams syndrome and developmental disorders of oral and written language.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Psycholinguistics written by Michael Spivey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive collection of chapters is written by leading researchers in psycholinguistics from a wide array of subfields.
Download or read book Language Viewed from the Brain written by Iwao Honjo and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 1999 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years epoch-making tools like positron emission tomography (PET), magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging have enabled us to finally investigate the enigma of language. This book discusses language from a primarily medical point of view. It reviews classical as well as recent studies on significant topics such as cortical mechanisms of language and the identification of receptive and perceptive speech areas. The interaction between brain areas for perception and production is discussed and a summary of the latest research in this field is provided. New findings on the role of the cerebellum and the supplementary motor area in speech perception are reported. Furthermore the latest up-to-date results of PET studies on users of cochlear implants that have immensely improved the understanding of development and plasticity of the cortical language networks, are presented. Otolaryngologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, along with audiologists and speech therapists will find a wealth of new information in this publication, which provides them with contributions on the latest results on how the brain controls speech and language.
Download or read book Concepts in the Brain written by David Kemmerer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-21 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most native speakers of English, the meanings of ordinary words like "blue," "cup," "stumble," and "carve" seem quite natural and self-evident. It turns out, however, that they are far from universal, as shown by recent research in the discipline known as semantic typology. To be sure, the roughly 6,500 languages around the world do have many similarities in the sorts of concepts they encode. But they also vary greatly in numerous ways, such as how they partition particular conceptual domains, how they map those domains onto syntactic categories, which distinctions they force speakers to habitually attend to, and how deeply they weave certain notions into the fabric of their grammar. Although these insights from semantic typology have had a major impact on the field of psycholinguistics, they have been mostly neglected by the branch of cognitive neuroscience that studies how concepts are represented, organized, and processed in our brains. In Concepts in the Brain, David Kemmerer exposes this oversight and demonstrates its significance. He argues that as research on the neural substrates of semantic knowledge moves forward, it should, to the extent possible, expand its purview to embrace the broad spectrum of cross-linguistic variation in the lexical and grammatical representation of meaning. Otherwise, it will never be able to achieve a truly comprehensive, pan-human account of the cortical underpinnings of concepts. Richly illustrated and written in an accessible interdisciplinary style, the book begins by elaborating the different perspectives on concepts that currently exist in the parallel fields of semantic typology and cognitive neuroscience. It then shows how a synthesis of these approaches can lead to a more unified and inclusive understanding of several domains of concrete meaning--specifically, objects, actions, and spatial relations. Finally, it explores a number of intriguing and controversial issues involving the interplay between language, cognition, and consciousness.
Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Healthy and Diseased Brain Networks written by Yong He and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important aspect of neuroscience is to characterize the underlying connectivity patterns of the human brain (i.e., human connectomics). Over the past few years, researchers have demonstrated that by combining a variety of different neuroimaging technologies (e.g., structural MRI, diffusion MRI and functional MRI) with sophisticated analytic strategies such as graph theory, it is possible to noninvasively map the patterns of structural and functional connectivity of human whole-brain networks. With these novel approaches, many studies have shown that human brain networks have nonrandom properties such as modularity, small-worldness and highly connected hubs. Importantly, these quantifiable network properties change with age, learning and disease. Moreover, there is growing evidence for behavioral and genetic correlates. Network analysis of neuroimaging data is opening up a new avenue of research into the understanding of the organizational principles of the brain that will be of interest for all basic scientists and clinical researchers. Such approaches are powerful but there are a number of challenging issues when extracting reliable brain networks from various imaging modalities and analyzing the topological properties, e.g., definitions of network nodes and edges and reproducibility of network analysis. We assembled contributions related to the state-of-the-art methodologies of brain connectivity and the applications involving development, aging and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and mood and anxiety disorders. It is anticipated that the articles in this Research Topic will provide a greater range and depth of provision for the field of imaging connectomics.
Download or read book Understanding Cognitive Development written by Barbara Landau and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-09-17 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume examine the state of the art in key areas of developmental cognitive neuroscience, focusing on theoretically driven research on cognition and its development. The past decade has seen an increasing number of empirical papers on the relationship between brain and cognitive development. But despite the clearly burgeoning interest in this topic, there is a relative paucity of work motivated by deep theoretical questions about the nature of cognition and its development. Many papers are still in the mode of reporting brain-cognition correlations with a focus on regional activations during brain imaging - a useful approach, but one that is limited with respect to its contributions to understanding the structure of cognition and its development. The papers in this special issue of Cognitive Neuropsychology consider a number of domains and mechanisms in cognition, including language, number, space, faces, reading, memory, and attention, and represent the wealth of approaches and techniques that can be used to shed light on the nature of cognitive development in brain and mind. These include cross-species comparisons, studies of development under experiential deprivation or genetic differences, classical developmental experimentation, and imaging techniques such as NIRS and fMRI which have recently been applied to developmental questions. The combination of solid theorizing together with a broad range of approaches allows a critical but constructive look at the latest findings in the field relevant to answering enduring questions about cognition, its development, and its realization in the developing brain.
