Download or read book Fuel Economy Predictions Using Engine Performance Models written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.

Download or read book Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-29 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since CAFE standards were established 25 years ago, there have been significant changes in motor vehicle technology, globalization of the industry, the mix and characteristics of vehicle sales, production capacity, and other factors. This volume evaluates the implications of these changes as well as changes anticipated in the next few years, on the need for CAFE, as well as the stringency and/or structure of the CAFE program in future years.

Download or read book Cost Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Download or read book Fuel Economy Predictions for Heavy duty Vehicles and Quasi dimensional DI Diesel Engine Numerical Modeling written by Murat Ates and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A research team developed the University of Texas Fuel Economy Model to estimate the fuel consumption of both light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles operated on Texas roads. One of the objectives of the model was to be as flexible as possible in order to be capable of simulating a variety of vehicles, payloads, and traffic conditions. For heavy-duty vehicles, there are no prescribed driving cycles, there are no coastdown coefficients available from the EPA, and we relied on experimental brake specific fuel consumption maps for a few heavy-duty diesel engines. Heavy-duty vehicle drive cycles highly depend upon the vehicle load, the grade of the road, the engine size, and the traffic conditions. In order to capture real driving conditions 54 drive cycles with three different Class 8 trucks, three weight configurations, three traffic congestion levels, and two drivers are collected. Drive cycles obtained in this research include road grade and vehicle speed data with time. Due to the lack of data from EPA for calculating the road load force for heavy-duty vehicles, coastdown tests were performed. To generate generic fuel maps for the fuel economy model, a direct injection quasi-dimensional diesel engine model was developed based on in-cylinder images available in the literature. Sandia National Laboratory researchers obtained various images describing diesel spray evolution, spray mixing, premixed combustion, mixing controlled combustion, soot formation, and NOx formation via imaging technologies. Dec combined all of the available images to develop a conceptual diesel combustion model to describe diesel combustion from the start of injection up to the quasi-steady form of the jet. The end of injection behavior was left undescribed in this conceptual model because no clear image was available due to the chaotic behavior of diesel combustion. A conceptual end-of-injection diesel combustion behavior model was proposed to capture diesel combustion in its life span. A full-cycle quasi-dimensional direct injection diesel engine model was developed that represents the physical models, utilizing the conceptual model developed from imaging experiments and available experiment-based spray models, of the in-cylinder processes. The compression, expansion, and gas exchange stages are modeled via zero-dimensional single zone calculations. A full cycle simulation is necessary in order to capture the initial conditions of the closed section of the cycle and predict the brake specific fuel consumption accurately.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and Data Driven Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines written by Jihad Badra and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-01-05 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial Intelligence and Data Driven Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines summarizes recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML) and data driven optimization and calibration techniques for internal combustion engines. The book covers AI/ML and data driven methods to optimize fuel formulations and engine combustion systems, predict cycle to cycle variations, and optimize after-treatment systems and experimental engine calibration. It contains all the details of the latest optimization techniques along with their application to ICE, making it ideal for automotive engineers, mechanical engineers, OEMs and R&D centers involved in engine design. Provides AI/ML and data driven optimization techniques in combination with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to optimize engine combustion systems Features a comprehensive overview of how AI/ML techniques are used in conjunction with simulations and experiments Discusses data driven optimization techniques for fuel formulations and vehicle control calibration

Download or read book Fuel Economy a Bibliography written by Lois Flynn and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.

Download or read book Multidisciplinary Research and Practice for Informations Systems written by Gerald Quirchmayer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-08-14 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4, 8.9, TC 5 International Cross Domain Conference and Workshop on Availability, Reliability and Security, CD-ARES 2012, held in Prague, Czech Republic, in August 2012. The 50 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the volume. The papers concentrate on the many aspects of information systems bridging the gap between research results in computer science and the many application fields. They are organized in the following topical sections: cross-domain applications: aspects of modeling and validation; trust,security, privacy, and safety; mobile applications; data processing and management; retrieval and complex query processing; e-commerce; and papers from the colocated International Workshop on Security and Cognitive Informatics for Homeland Defense, SeCIHD 2012.

Download or read book Innovations in Fuel Economy and Sustainable Road Transport written by Institution of Mechanical Engineers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-19 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the papers from the Innovations in Fuel Economy and Sustainable Road Transport conference, held in Pune, India, 8-9 November, 2011. Papers examine advances in powertrain, alternative fuels, lightweight vehicles, electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. An international assembly of senior industry representatives provide insight into research and technological advances in low carbon technology sustainability for road transport, helping towards achieving stringent emissions standards and continual improvements in fuel economy efficiency, all in an expanding Indian market. These technical papers from industry and academia discuss the developments and research of leading organisations. Discusses maximising powertrain performance for a low carbon agenda Provides readers with an understanding of the latest developments in alternative fuels Examines the future landscape for the implementation and development of electric vehicles

Download or read book Engine Modeling and Simulation written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the simulation and modeling of internal combustion engines. The contents include various aspects of diesel and gasoline engine modeling and simulation such as spray, combustion, ignition, in-cylinder phenomena, emissions, exhaust heat recovery. It also explored engine models and analysis of cylinder bore piston stresses and temperature effects. This book includes recent literature and focuses on current modeling and simulation trends for internal combustion engines. Readers will gain knowledge about engine process simulation and modeling, helpful for the development of efficient and emission-free engines. A few chapters highlight the review of state-of-the-art models for spray, combustion, and emissions, focusing on the theory, models, and their applications from an engine point of view. This volume would be of interest to professionals, post-graduate students involved in alternative fuels, IC engines, engine modeling and simulation, and environmental research.

Download or read book Modern Approaches in Machine Learning and Cognitive Science A Walkthrough written by Vinit Kumar Gunjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-26 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of machine learning with cognitive science methods and technologies which have played an important role at the core of practical solutions for a wide scope of tasks between handheld apps, industrial process control, autonomous vehicles, environmental policies, life sciences, playing computer games, computational theory, and engineering development. The chapters in this book focus on readers interested in machine learning, cognitive and neuro-inspired computational systems – theories, mechanisms, and architecture, which underline human and animal behaviour, and their application to conscious and intelligent systems. In the current version, it focuses on the successful implementation and step-by-step explanation of practical applications of the domain. It also offers a wide range of inspiring and interesting cutting-edge contributions to applications of machine learning and cognitive science such as healthcare products, medical electronics, and gaming. Overall, this book provides valuable information on effective, cutting-edge techniques and approaches for students, researchers, practitioners, and academicians working in the field of AI, neural network, machine learning, and cognitive science. Furthermore, the purpose of this book is to address the interests of a broad spectrum of practitioners, students, and researchers, who are interested in applying machine learning and cognitive science methods in their respective domains.

Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines Improving Performance Fuel Economy and Emissions written by Federico Millo and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2020-10-02 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue, consisting of 14 papers, presents the latest findings concerning both numerical and experimental investigations. Their aim is to achieve a reduction in pollutant emissions, as well as an improvement in fuel economy and performance, for internal combustion engines. This will provide readers with a comprehensive, unbiased, and scientifically sound overview of the most recent research and technological developments in this field. More specific topics include: 3D CFD detailed analysis of the fuel injection, combustion and exhaust aftertreatments processes, 1D and 0D, semi-empirical, neural network-based control-oriented models, experimental analysis and the optimization of both conventional and innovative combustion processes.

Download or read book Machine Learning and Deep Learning for Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines written by Armin Norouzi Yengeje and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) are ubiquitous; they power a wide range of systems. The broad use of ICEs globally causes more than 20% of the total greenhouse gas emissions. In many countries, emission legislation is transitioning from certification using only traditional chassis dynomometer testing to now requiring the inclusion of Real Driving Emissions (RDE). Complying with this legislation has led to increased challenges to meet emissions levels under on-road use of the engine. The stringent legislation governing emissions and fuel economy, in combination with the complexity of the combustion process, have led to requirements for significantly more advanced engine controllers than are currently used. Reducing the emissions of diesel engines while simultaneously increasing their thermal efficiency through online control optimization and Machine Learning (ML) are the main objectives of this thesis. ML techniques offer powerful solutions that help to address the existing challenges in ICE modeling, control, and optimization. ML can also help to reduce the time, cost, and effort required for ICE calibration for both vehicular and stationary applications. In this thesis, a four-cylinder medium-duty Cummins diesel engine and emission measurement system including an electrochemical fast Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) sensor, Pegasor Particle Sensor (PPS-M), and MKS Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) are used for experimental implementation. A dSPACE MicroAutoBox II, which is a rapid prototyping system, is used for control implementation. In order to compare the proposed control method with the existing Cummins calibrated engine control unit (ECU), all the production calibration tables are imported to the MicroAutoBox. The simulation results presented in this thesis are developed using a detailed physics-based model using the GT-power\(^{\copyright}\) software. A co-simulation of GT-power\(^{\copyright}\)/Matlab\(^{\copyright}\)/Simulink is used as an Engine Simulation Model (ESM). The application of ML in engine control can be divided into three main categories: i) ML in emission prediction, ii) Integration of ML and Model Predictive Control (MPC), and iii) ML in the learning-based controller. In the first category, a correlation-based order reduction algorithm is developed to model \nox, resulting in a simple and accurate model. This algorithm utilizes Support Vector Machine (SVM) techniques to predict \nox~emission with high accuracy. In addition, a comprehensive study involving eight ML methods and five feature sets is done for Particulate Matter (PM) modeling using gray-box techniques. Then using the K-means clustering algorithm, a systematic way to select the best method for a specific application is proposed. In the second category, two methods of combining ML and MPC were used: ML-based modeling and ML imitation control. First, ML is used to identify a model for implementation in MPC optimization problems. Additionally, ML can be used to replace MPC, where the ML controller learns the optimal control action by imitating the behavior of the MPC. Using the ESM to provide simulation data, SVM and deep recurrent neural networks, including long-short-term memory (LSTM) layers, are used to develop engine performance and emission models. Then based on these models, MPC is designed and compared to both a linear controller and the Cummins' calibrated ECU model in ESM. Then, a deep learning scheme is deployed to imitate the behavior of the developed controllers. These imitative controllers behave similarly to the online optimization of MPC but require significantly lower computational time. The LSTM-based MPC is then implemented on the real-time system using open-source software. Compared to the stock Cummins ECU, this controller has significant emission reduction, fuel economy improvement, and thermal efficiency. Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Iterative Learning controller (ILC) are developed to investigate learning-based controllers. Using the ESM, a model-free off-policy algorithm, Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG), is developed. A safety filter is added to the deep RL to avoid damage to the engine. This filter guarantees output and input constraints for both RL and ILC. The developed safe RL is then compared with ILC and LSTM-NMPC.

Download or read book Nonlinear Systems and Circuits in Internal Combustion Engines written by Ferdinando Taglialatela-Scafati and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief provides an overview on the most relevant nonlinear phenomena in internal combustion engines with a particular emphasis on the use of nonlinear circuits in their modelling and control. The brief contains advanced methodologies —based on neural networks and soft-computing approaches among others— for the compensation of engine nonlinearities by using the combustion pressure signal and proposes several techniques for the reconstruction of this signal on the basis of different engine parameters, including engine-block vibration and crankshaft rotational speed. Another topic of the book is the diagnosis of the nonlinearities of injection systems and their balancing, which is a mandatory task for the new generation of gasoline direct injection engines. The authors come from both industrial and academic backgrounds, so the brief represents an important tool both for researchers and practitioners in the automotive industry.

Download or read book Thermal Barrier Coating Workshop written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: