Download or read book Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.
Download or read book From X rays to DNA written by W. David Lee and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An argument that technology accelerates biological discovery, with case studies ranging from chromosome discovery with early microscopes to how DNA replicates using radioisotope labels. Engineering has been an essential collaborator in biological research and breakthroughs in biology are often enabled by technological advances. Decoding the double helix structure of DNA, for example, only became possible after significant advances in such technologies as X-ray diffraction and gel electrophoresis. Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis improved as new technologies—including the stethoscope, the microscope, and the X-ray—developed. These engineering breakthroughs take place away from the biology lab, and many years may elapse before the technology becomes available to biologists. In this book, David Lee argues for concurrent engineering—the convergence of engineering and biological research—as a means to accelerate the pace of biological discovery and its application to diagnosis and treatment. He presents extensive case studies and introduces a metric to measure the time between technological development and biological discovery. Investigating a series of major biological discoveries that range from pasteurization to electron microscopy, Lee finds that it took an average of forty years for the necessary technology to become available for laboratory use. Lee calls for new approaches to research and funding to encourage a tighter, more collaborative coupling of engineering and biology. Only then, he argues, will we see the rapid advances in the life sciences that are critically needed for life-saving diagnosis and treatment.
Download or read book Characteristics of DNA Damage Induced by Ultrasoft X rays and Upon Photoionization written by Stanley W. Botchway and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From X rays to DNA written by W. David Lee and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigating Cellular Nanoscale with X rays written by Clément Hémonnot and published by Göttingen University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advances and technical improvements of X-ray imaging techniques, taking advantage of X-ray focussing optics and high intensity synchrotron sources, nowadays allow for the use of X-rays to probe the cellular nanoscale. Importantly, X-rays permit thick samples to be imaged without sectioning or slicing. In this work, two macromolecules, namely keratin intermediate filament (IF) proteins and DNA, both essential components of cells, were studied by X-ray techniques. Keratin IF proteins make up an integral part of the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells and form a dense intracellular network of bundles. This network is built from monomers in a hierarchical fashion. Thus, the keratin structure formation spans a large range of length scales from a few nanometres (monomers) to micrometres (networks). Here, keratin was studied at three different scales: i) filaments, ii) bundles and iii) networks. Solution small-angle X-ray scattering revealed distinct structural and organisational characteristics of these highly charged polyelectrolyte filaments, such as increasing radius with increasing salt concentration and spatial accumulation of ions depending on the salt concentration. The results are quantified by employing advanced modelling of keratin IFs by a core cylinder fl anked with Gaussian chains. Scanning micro- diffraction was used to study keratin at the bundle scale. Very different morphologies of keratin bundles were observed at different salt conditions. At the network scale, new imaging approaches and analyses were applied to the study of whole cells. Ptychography and scanning X-ray nano-diffraction imaging were performed on the same cells, allowing for high resolution in real and reciprocal space, thereby revealing the internal structure of these networks. By using a fitting routine based on simulations of IFs packed on a hexagonal lattice, the radius of each fi lament and distance between fi laments were retrieved. In mammalian cells, each nucleus contains 2 nm-thick DNA double helices with a total length of about 2 m. The DNA strands are packed in a highly hierarchical manner into individual chromosomes. DNA was studied in intact cells by visible light microscopy and scanning X-ray nano-diffraction, unveiling the compaction und decompaction of DNA during the cell cycle. Thus, we obtained information on the aggregation state of the nuclear DNA at a real space resolution on the order of few hundreds nm. To exploit to the reciprocal space information, individual diffraction patterns were analysed according to a generalised Porod’s law at a resolution down to 10 nm. We were able to distinguish nucleoli, heterochromatin and euchromatin in the nuclei and follow the compaction and decompaction during the cell division cycle.
Download or read book The Man in the Monkeynut Coat written by Kersten T. Hall and published by Oxford University Press (UK). This book was released on 2014 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the story of the English physicist and molecular biologist William T. Astbury and how his work forms a previously untold chapter in the story of the discovery of the structure of DNA.
Download or read book DNA damage induced by secondary electrons and X rays written by Zhongli Cai and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Download or read book Production and Repair of X ray Induced Strand Breaks in DNA in Vitro and in Vivo Studies written by Daniel Stuart Kapp and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Weight Nitrogen and Dna Content of Small Intestine Mucosa of Rats Exposed to X rays written by R. E. Kay and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geometrical Theory of Diffraction written by Vladimir Andreevich Borovikov and published by IET. This book was released on 1994 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the ideas underlying geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) along with its relationships with other EM theories.
Download or read book Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-07-17 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past several decades, public concern over exposure to ionizing radiation has increased. This concern has manifested itself in different ways depending on the perception of risk to different individuals and different groups and the circumstances of their exposure. One such group are those U.S. servicemen (the "Atomic Veterans" who participated in the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site or in the Pacific Proving Grounds, who served with occupation forces in or near Hiroshima and Nagasaki, or who were prisoners of war in or near those cities at the time of, or shortly after, the atomic bombings. This book addresses the feasibility of conducting an epidemiologic study to determine if there is an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes in the spouses, children, and grandchildren of the Atomic Veterans.
Download or read book An Assessment of the Effect of X ray Radiation on DNA Marker Profiles Obtained from Human Teeth written by Erin Lynn Knapp and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray radiation is known to destroy cells and damage DNA, yet human remains from forensic anthropology cases are routinely exposed to X-ray radiation as part of the documentation and evidence collection process. If X-ray radiation significantly impacts the quality of DNA extracted from human remains in forensic cases, then the validity of a resulting genetic profile is called into question. To better understand how X-ray radiation affects DNA profiles, specifically profiles consisting of short tandem repeat (STR) markers, this study followed standard forensic X-ray and genetic profiling protocols to obtain DNA profiles on individual molar teeth, before and after they were exposed to a single X-ray dosage event. The results of the study demonstrate that X-ray radiation did indeed affect DNA profiles, in two ways. First, the total number of DNA markers recovered pre-and post-X-ray radiation decreased significantly between the pre- (control) and post-(experimental) irradiation. Second, the overall amount of DNA per genetic marker recovered was significantly reduced, as measured by Relative Fluorescence Units (RFUs). Interestingly, contrary to expectations, the DNA markers recovered did not exhibit significant shortened fragments lengths post- irradiation, otherwise known as “allelic stutter.” Thus, it seems that X-ray exposure tended to damage DNA marker variants to such an extent that DNA markers were completely unrecoverable post-irradiation, rather than simply damaged to a point of producing allelic stutter. Importantly, X-ray radiation altered DNA marker profiles of individual cases before and after X-ray radiation. The post-radiation sample exhibited a significant amount of “allelic dropout,” leading to a condition known as “false homozygosity,” when one only DNA variant for a given locus is represented in a genetic profile instead of the two different variants that may actually be found in the sample. These results indicate further research is required to understand the stochastic effects of X-ray irradiation on DNA, and suggest that forensic samples undergo iv DNA analysis prior to exposure to X-ray radiation.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of X ray and Computed Tomography Exposure on the Amplification of DNA from Bone written by Britta May Grieshaber and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The X ray Or Photography of the Invisible and Its Value in Surgery written by William James Morton and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Holland Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates
