Download or read book From Sadowa to Sarajevo written by F. R. Bridge and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Sadowa To Sarajevo V6 written by F.R. Bridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2001. This is Volume VI of a series on Foreign Policies of the Great Powers and looks at the foreign policy of Austria-Hungary 1866 to 1914.
Download or read book From Sadowa To Sarajevo V6 written by F.R. Bridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2001. This is Volume VI of a series on Foreign Policies of the Great Powers and looks at the foreign policy of Austria-Hungary 1866 to 1914.
Download or read book From Sadowa to Sarajevo written by F. R. Bridge and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Sadowa to Sarajevo written by F. R. Bridge and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Sadowa to Sarajevo the Foreign Policy of Austria Hungary 1866 1914 by F R Bridge written by Francis Roy Bridge and published by . This book was released on with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Month that Changed the World written by Gordon Martel and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 28 June 1914 the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in the Balkans. Five fateful weeks later the Great Powers of Europe were at war. Much time and ink has been spent ever since trying to identify the 'guilty' person or state responsible, or alternatively attempting to explain the underlying forces that 'inevitably' led to war in 1914. Unsatisfied with these explanations, Gordon Martel now goes back to the contemporary diplomatic, military, and political records to investigate the twists and turns of the crisis afresh, with the aim of establishing just how the catastrophe really unfurled. What emerges is the story of a terrible, unnecessary tragedy - one that can be understood only by retracing the steps taken by those who went down the road to war. With each passing day, we see how the personalities of leading figures such as Kaiser Wilhelm II, the Emperor Franz Joseph, Tsar Nicholas II, Sir Edward Grey, and Raymond Poincaré were central to the unfolding crisis, how their hopes and fears intersected as events unfolded, and how each new decision produced a response that complicated or escalated matters to the point where they became almost impossible to contain. Devoting a chapter to each day of the infamous 'July Crisis', this gripping step by step account of the descent to war makes clear just how little the conflict was in fact premeditated, preordained, or even predictable. Almost every day it seemed possible that the crisis could be settled as so many had been over the previous decade; almost every day there was a new suggestion that gave statesmen hope that war could be avoided without abandoning vital interests. And yet, as the last month of peace ebbed away, the actions and reactions of the Great Powers disastrously escalated the situation. So much so that, by the beginning of August, what might have remained a minor Balkan problem had turned into the cataclysm of the First World War.
Download or read book July Crisis written by T. G. Otte and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive new account of the catalytic events of July 1914 that led to the outbreak of the First World War.
Download or read book The Causes of the First World War written by Annika Mombauer and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The causes of the First World War were disputed before the first shots had even been fired. Recriminations intensified following the Treaty of Versailles when the victors accused Germany and its allies of having caused the war. This was the start of a heated blame game in which historians and politicians on all sides became embroiled in a war of documents and publications. More than 100 years on, the question of the origins of the First World War still remains contested. Based on Annika Mombauer’s The Origins of the First World War (2002), this thoroughly revised and expanded volume examines the political and ideological concerns that fuelled these international disagreements and offers an extensive analysis of a complex and unique historical controversy from 1914 to the centenary and beyond. It provides students, teachers, scholars and non-specialist readers with a comprehensive guide through the maze of conflicting interpretations.
Download or read book East European Nationalism Politics and Religion written by Peter F. Sugar and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-28 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multi-national region of Europe situated between the German-speaking lands and those of the former Soviet Union has witnessed many varied manifestations of nationalism over the last two centuries. Professor Sugar has been in the forefront of those seeking to understand and explain these Eastern European nationalisms, and eleven of his essays on the subject are included in this second selection of his studies. The first two essays deal with problems of ethnicity and its specific manifestations in the region; the next three present the growth of national antagonisms during the 19th century. The third, and longest, section then sets out to examine the interaction of fully developed nationalism in Eastern Europe with the various political movements and religious organizations that impacted upon these lands.
Download or read book Reputation and International Politics written by Jonathan Mercer and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By approaching an important foreign policy issue from a new angle, Jonathan Mercer comes to a startling, controversial discovery: a nation's reputation is not worth fighting for. He presents the most comprehensive examination to date of what defines a reputation, when it is likely to emerge in international politics, and with what consequences. Mercer examines reputation formation in a series of crises before World War I. He tests competing arguments, one from deterrence theory, the other from social psychology, to see which better predicts and explains how reputations form. Extending his findings to address recent crises such as the Gulf War, he also considers how culture, gender, and nuclear weapons affect reputation. Throughout history, wars have been fought in the name of reputation. Mercer rebuts this politically powerful argument, shows that reputations form differently than we thought, and offers policy advice to decision-makers.
Download or read book A History of Eastern Europe 1918 to the Present written by Ian D. Armour and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-04-08 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is Eastern Europe still different from Western Europe, more than a quarter-century after the collapse of Communism? A History of Eastern Europe 1918 to the Present shows how the roots of this difference are based in Eastern Europe's tortured 20th century. Eastern Europe emerged in 1918 as the 'lands between', new states whose weakness vis-à-vis Germany and Soviet Russia soon became obvious. The region was the main killing-field of the Second World War, which visited unimaginable horrors on its inhabitants before their 'liberation' by the Soviets in 1945. The imposition of Communist dictatorships on the region, ironically, only deepened Eastern Europe's backwardness. Even in the post-Communist period, its problems continue to make it a fertile breeding-ground for nationalism and political extremism. A History of Eastern Europe 1918 to the Present explores the comparative backwardness of Eastern Europe and how this has driven strategies of modernisation; it looks at the ways in which the region has served as a giant test-tube for political experimentation and, in particular, at the enduring strength of nationalism, which since 1989 has re-emerged more virulent than ever. This book in the essential textbook for any student of 20th-century Eastern Europe.
Download or read book Bismarck and Mitteleuropa written by Bascom Barry Hayes and published by Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "His labors were often fruitless. His own master, Wilhelm I, and the Prussian bureaucrats, diplomats, and courtiers with direct access to this first of Bismarck's Wilhelmian nemeses could be at least as obstructionist in Berlin as Franz Joseph and his minions in Vienna. In fact, all too often Bismarck's lack of control over the Prussian elites was in part responsible for the resistance of the Habsburg ruling circle.".
Download or read book Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century And After written by R. J. Crampton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-04-12 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering all key Eastern European states and their history right up to the collapse of communism, this second edition of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century – And After is a comprehensive political history of Eastern Europe taking in the whole of the century and the geographical area. Focusing on the attempt to create and maintain a functioning democracy, this new edition now: examines events in Bosnia and Herzegovina includes a new consideration of the evolution of the region since the revolutions of 1989–91 surveys the development of a market economy analyzes the realignment of Eastern Europe towards the West details the emergence of organized crime discusses each state individually includes an up-to-date bibliography. Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century – And After provides an accessible introduction to this key area which is invaluable to students of modern and political history.
Download or read book On the Origins of War written by Donald Kagan and published by Anchor. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant and vitally important history of why states go to war, by the acclaimed, award-winning author of The Peloponnesian War. War has been a fact of life for centuries. By lucidly revealing the common threads that connect the ancient confrontations between Athens and Sparta and between Rome and Carthage with the two calamitous World Wars of the twentieth century, renowned historian Donald Kagan reveals new and surprising insights into the nature of war and peace. Vivid, incisive, and accessible, Kagan's powerful narrative warns against complacency and urgently reminds us of the importance of preparedness in times of peace.
Download or read book The Chancelleries of Europe written by Alan Palmer and published by Faber & Faber. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the author's own words this is a book about 'chaps and maps'. More formally. The Chancelleries of Europe is a study of traditional diplomacy at its peak of influence in the nineteenth-century and the first years of the twentieth. At the Congress of Vienna in 1814-15 the five Great Powers - Austria, Britain, France, Prussia and Russia - established a system of international intercourse that safeguarded the world from major war for exactly a hundred years. The successive crises that challenged this supranational system - the unification of Italy and Germany, the scramble for colonies in Africa, and for trade concessions in Asia, the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the emergence of Japan - are well-known. Less attention has been given to the way the system functioned and to changes imposed on its character by the spread of speedier communications. It is these gaps in our understanding of the international politics of the century that the author seeks to fill. The book therefore studies the clashes of personality between crowned heads of the old empires and between rival statesmen and ambassadors seeking advancement. It compares the growth of personnel and specialist departments in the various foreign ministries, assesses the impact of domestic politics on external affairs, the power of the pressure groups like the (British) China Association and the (Russian) Far Eastern Committee, the proto-spin fed to favoured newspapers and, in contrast, the growing unease of press and public at 'hidden' negotiations and the concealment of diplomatic expedients and alliances. But the book also notes changes in the way diplomacy was conducted in the wake of technological inventions such as the semaphore towers of the early years and the electric telegraph and undersea cables of the second half of the century. Moments of high drama, skullduggery and bathos prove that the reading of diplomatic history is not the dull, dreary drudge many abhorred in their schooldays.
Download or read book The Naval Policy of Austria Hungary 1867 1918 written by Lawrence Sondhaus and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Austro-Hungarian navy warrants recognition because it functioned far better than most organs of the multinational Habsburg state. Ultimately, in the pre-World War I age of navalism, the fleet provided a unique common cause for a wide variety of nationalities and political parties. Dramatic funding increases fueled the expansion of the fleet, and lucrative naval contracts, judiciously distributed, reinforced and further broadened the navy's base of support. Though often criticized by its German ally, the Austro-Hungarian navy succeeded in defending the Adriatic throughout World War I, in the process requiring the constant attention of a significant share of enemy sea power; as late as the spring of 1918, an American admiral characterized the Adriatic as "an Austrian lake." The navy collapsed only when Austria-Hungary as a whole disintegrated, in the last days of the war. This detailed study charts the uneven growth of the Austro-Hungarian navy from its high point following Archduke Ferdinand Max's administration and the War of 1866 to its ultimate dissolution after World War I. In following this development, Sondhaus not only relates the operational aspects of the Habsburg navy but also traces the growth of popular navalism in Austria-Hungary, the role of naval expansion in stimulating industrial development, and the peculiar difficulties of navy commanders in dealing with the Habsburg nationality problem and the cumbersome politics of Austro-Hungarian dualism. Drawing on a vast variety of archival sources and government documents and protocols, Sondhaus analyzes economic factors carefully and shows how these tended to complicate, perhaps even to override, political divisions. He ably demonstrates how such varied factors as the wavering policy of Italy, French naval theory, the need for consensus within the Dual Monarchy, and the general European escalation in naval armaments influenced the fortunes of the fleet.
