Download or read book Comprehensive Revision of a Worldwide Collection of Freshwater Sponges written by James Theophilus Penney and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racek seems to have authored much of this work after the death of J. T. Penney and undertook a study and review of Penny's huge colleciton of material and unpublished data at the recommendation of B. Theodore Cole of the University of South Carolina. In view of the voluminous material available, Racek found it imperative to revise all true gemmule-producing species rather than elaborate Penny's outlined account of the Meyeninae and as a result of the study, demonstrated the fallacy of a subdivision of the family Spongillidae by using gemmosclere characteristics.

Download or read book COMPREHENSIVE REVISION OF A WORLDWIDE COLLECTION OF FRESHWATER SPONGES PORIFERA SPONGILLIDAE written by J. T. PENNEY and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Revision of a Worldwide Collection of Freshwater Sponges Porifera Spongillidae Classic Reprint written by J. T. Penney and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Comprehensive Revision of a Worldwide Collection of Freshwater Sponges (Porifera, Spongillidae) In spite of the fact that serious scientific efforts in the taxonomic study of freshwater sponges were begun in the mid-19th century, and that a great number of subsequent investigators have contributed a massive amount of additional descriptive information, the taxonomy of this group has remained in a most chaotic state. Following Bowerbank's (1863) initial revision of all species of Spongilla, Gray (1867) was first to establish useful criteria for their generic differen tiation and to erect six new genera in addition to Spongilla Lamarck. Unfortunately, this system was criticized and its validity questioned by Carter (1881a), who claimed that Gray established his new genera without having seen Bowerbank's material upon which they were erected. Although fully unjustified in doing so, Carter (1881a) alto gether ignored Gray's existing generic names and devised his own system for the inclusion of Bowerbank's species and subsequently collected material. Thus it happened that Gray's well-established genera fell into complete obscurity for many decades, and Carter's system became firmly established, Without being seriously challenged by any subsequent taxonomist. From the turn of this century, several attempts were made to revise comprehensively the status of the ever increasing numbers of species. After the publication of the first bibliography of all freshwater sponges by Weltner it was chie y Annandale (1906 - 1919) who began to build the foundations to an improved and modernized knowledge of spongillid taxonomy. Annandale reestablished some of Gray's generic names, at least at a subgeneric level, and added a number of well-defined new genera to the conglomerate systems of Gray and Carter. Additional revisions were subsequently undertaken by Gee (1926 Schroder (1926 and Arndt (1923 to name just the most important contributors. Generic revisions were attempted by De Laubenfels (1936) and Jewell However, in spite of the fact that all these investigations have certainly helped to overcome a number of taxonomic difficulties, they seemed to have little effect on the stability of taxonomic nomenclature. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."

Download or read book Systema Porifera written by John N.A. Hooper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research whilst compiling this book has uncovered a fauna about twice the size as that previously published in the literature and consequently Systema Porifera revises and stabilizes the systematics of the phylum to accommodate this new knowledge in a contemporary framework. Practical tools (key illustrations, descriptions of character) are provided to facilitate the assignment of approximately 680 extant and 100 fossil genera. Systema Porifera is unique making sponge taxonomy widely available at the practical level of classification (genera, families, order). It is a taxonomic revision of sponges and spongiomorphis (such as sphinctozoans and archaeocyathans) based on re-evaluation of type materials and evidence. It is also a practical guide to sponge identification providing descriptions and illustrations of characters and interpretation of their importance to systematics. Systema Porifera addresses many long standing nomenclatural problems and provides a sound baseline for future debate on sponges and their place in time and space. Systema Porifera describes 3 classes, 7 subclasses, 24 orders, 127 families and 682 valid genera of extant sponges (with over 1600 nominal generic names and an additional 500 invalid names treated). Treatment of the fossil fauna is less comprehensive or critical, although 6 classes, 30 orders, 245 families and 998 fossil genera are mentioned. Keys to all recent and many fossil taxa are provided.

Download or read book Comprehensive Revision of a Worldwide Collection of Freshwater Sponges Porifera written by J. T. Penney and published by Trieste Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-26 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trieste Publishing has a massive catalogue of classic book titles. Our aim is to provide readers with the highest quality reproductions of fiction and non-fiction literature that has stood the test of time. The many thousands of books in our collection have been sourced from libraries and private collections around the world.The titles that Trieste Publishing has chosen to be part of the collection have been scanned to simulate the original. Our readers see the books the same way that their first readers did decades or a hundred or more years ago. Books from that period are often spoiled by imperfections that did not exist in the original. Imperfections could be in the form of blurred text, photographs, or missing pages. It is highly unlikely that this would occur with one of our books. Our extensive quality control ensures that the readers of Trieste Publishing's books will be delighted with their purchase. Our staff has thoroughly reviewed every page of all the books in the collection, repairing, or if necessary, rejecting titles that are not of the highest quality. This process ensures that the reader of one of Trieste Publishing's titles receives a volume that faithfully reproduces the original, and to the maximum degree possible, gives them the experience of owning the original work.We pride ourselves on not only creating a pathway to an extensive reservoir of books of the finest quality, but also providing value to every one of our readers. Generally, Trieste books are purchased singly - on demand, however they may also be purchased in bulk. Readers interested in bulk purchases are invited to contact us directly to enquire about our tailored bulk rates.

Download or read book Freshwater Sponge Porifera written by Alvin R. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalog of North American State and Regional Freshwater Sponge References written by Dreux J. Watermolen and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Freshwater Sponges Hydroids P o l y z o a written by Nelson Annandale and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on the Freshwater Sponge Radiospongilla Sceptroides Haswell 1882 written by John Stanisic and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fresh Water Sponges of Pennsylvania Adjacent States Notulae Naturae of The Acad of Natural Sciences of Phila No 228 written by and published by Academy of Natural Sciences. This book was released on with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fossil and Recent Sponges written by Joachim Reitner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fossil and Recent Sponges contains articles on taxonomic, phylogenetic and ecological aspects of sponges of both biological and paleontological interest. They focus on three main topics: phylogeny and systematics, biology, and paleoecology of sponges. The reader is offered an overview over the most important aspects of current sponge research: - establishment of a new taxonomy based on mono phyletic groups (phylogenetic systematics) including recent and fossil taxa - new concepts of the biomineralisation of sponge skeletons - palaeoenvironmental analysis of fossil sponge buildups.

Download or read book Freshwater Sponges of India written by T. D. Soota and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Comparative Embryology of Sponges written by Alexander V. Ereskovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-27 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the major questions in the evolution of animals is the transition from unicellular to multicellular organization, which resulted in the emergence of Metazoa through a hypothetical Urmetazoa. The Comparative Embryology of Sponges contains abundant original and literary data on comparative embryology and morphology of the Porifera (Sponges), a group of 'lower Metazoa'. On the basis of this material, original typization of the development of Sponges is given and the problems concerning origin and evolution of Porifera and their ontogenesis are discussed. A morphogenetic interpretation of the body plan development during embryogenesis, metamorphosis and asexual reproduction in Sponges is proposed. Special attention is given to the analysis of characteristic features of the ontogenesis in Porifera. The book pursues three primary goals: 1) generalization of all existing information on individual development of sponges, its classification and a statement according to taxonomical structure of Porifera; 2) revealing of heterogeneity of morphogenesis and peculiarities of ontogeneses in various clades of Porifera, and also their correlations with the organization, both adult sponges, and their larvae; 3) revealing homology of morphogeneses in both Porifera and Eumetazoa, testifying to the general evolutionary roots of multicellular animals, and peculiar features of sponges' morphogeneses and ontogenesis. This book will be of interest to embryologists, zoologists, morphologists and researchers in evolutionary biology.

Download or read book Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems written by T.L. Simpson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication of this book was undertaken with two purposes in view: to bring together informatian on the deposition by living organ isms of unique skeletal structures composed of amorphous silica, and to review recent data on the involvement of silicon in physiological and biochemical processes. Although widely varying viewpoints are represented, all the contributors are very interested in the events in volved in the formatian of siliceaus structures and their function. Data presented deal with these questions in a variety of plant and animal systems, and at levels ranging from the evolutionary to the biochemical and ultrastructural. Innovations in electron microscopy and, indeed, the advent of electron microscopy itself, have stimulated many ultra structural studies of silica deposition, work which has deepened and widened the interest in those organisms which routinely produce "glassy skeletons. " The question of how silicon participates in biological systems in volves a spectrum of fields that indudes the chemistry of silicon per se, its biogeochemistry, biochemistry, ecology, and so forth. In this book, however, attention is focused up on the biological aspects of silicon and siliceous structures, with emphasis on the evolutian, phylogeny, morphology, and distribution of siliceaus structures, on the cellular as peets of silica deposition, and on the physiological and biochemical roles of silicon. This volume represents the first compilatian of such data. Because such a variety of subjects and fields are covered, the reader will have to glean for himself some of the comparative aspects of the data.

Download or read book Aspects of Sponge Biology written by Frederick Harrison and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aspects of Sponge Biology is the result of a symposium about sponge biology held in Albany, New York in May 1975. The symposium not only presents investigations, but also problem areas in the field of sponge biology. This book therefore shows that sponges are a very challenging and untouched subject area for future studies. This book is divided into three major parts, wherein the first part introduces and discusses sponge biology. The introduction and discussion include sponge biology principles, perspectives, and problems. The next two parts discuss cell and development biology, taxonomy, and ecology. Part 2 deals with several topics of the cellular aspect, including an analysis of reproduction in sponge populations and cytochemical studies of connective tissues in sponges. This part also looks into the cytological abnormalities in various normal and transformed cell lines. Part 3 describes the different types of sponge in their various habitats. Sponge feeding mechanisms, ecological factors controlling sponge distribution, and zoogeography of Brazilian marine Demospongiae are also discussed in this part. This book will be of important value to biology students and teachers. Specialists including zoologists, ecologists, comparative physiologists, and biologists will also benefit from this book.

Download or read book Zebra Mussels Biology Impacts and Control written by Thomas F. Nalepa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-11-24 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction and rapid spread of the zebra mussel in North American waters has caused great concern among industrial and recreational users of these waters. This bivalve mollusk is a biofouler that attaches to any firm substrate (e.g. rocks, piers, water intake pipes, boat hulls) and has already created significant problems for raw water users such as water treatment plants and power plants. Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts and Control provides essential information regarding the biology of the zebra mussel in North America and Europe, presents case studies of environmental and industrial impacts, and outlines control strategies. Summary articles detail its life history, origins, and morphology. The book also examines techniques used to culture and maintain this organism in the laboratory. Thirty-two color plates illustrate some of the dramatic problems created by the explosive population growth of this species. Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts, and Control is an important resource for ecologists, conservationists, environmental consultants, water quality engineers, regulatory officials, power utilities, and libraries.

Download or read book Sponges Porifera written by Werner E. G. Müller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sponges (phylum Porifera) are known to be very rich sources for bioactive compounds, mainly secondary metabolites. Main efforts are devoted to cell- and mariculture of sponges to assure a sustainable exploitation of bioactive compounds from biological starting material. These activities are flanked by improved technologies to cultivate bacteria and fungi which are associated with the sponges. It is the hope that by elucidating the strategies of interaction between microorganisms and their host (sponge), by modern cell and molecular biological methods, a more comprehensive cultivation of the symbiotic organisms will be possible. The next step in the transfer of knowledge to biotechnological applications is the isolation, characterization and structural determination of the bioactive compounds by sophisticated chemical approaches.