Download or read book Free Radicals Nitric Oxide and Inflammation written by Tomris Özben and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Free Radicals and Inflammation written by Paul G. Winyard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-11 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As in so many fields of scientific endeavour following the molecular biology revo lution, our knowledge of the role of radicals not only in pathological states, but in basic physiology has developed exponentially. Indeed, our evolving concepts have, like so many political parties, been forced into dramatic "V-turns" and contortions. Within our working lives, we have had to debate whether radicals made any con tribution to any pathology, whilst now it is difficult not to entertain the view that every physiological process is pivotally controlled by exquisitely sensitive radical reactions. Inflammation is, of course, an example of pathology evolving from physiology, and in this book we have called upon both scientists and clinicians who have research interests in the complex switching mechanisms that sustain these transi tions. The book as a whole explores, from a physiological standpoint, how deter ministic radical systems sensitive to their initial conditions can interdigitate, iterate and feed back to control diverse cellular processes that create the inflammatory response. Whilst systems such as these to a mathematician would provide the basis for a chaotic response, one is forced to marvel how, for all stages of an inflammatory reaction, this system appears exquisitely controlled, making therapeutic manipula tion both possible and, to some extent, predictable.
Download or read book Free Radicals Nitric Oxide and Inflammation written by Tomris Özben and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free radicals, and the very special free radical nitric oxide, are playing a relevant role in the pathogenesis of inflammation. This work introduces the general knowledge necessary to understand the inflammatory process and the role played by free radical and oxidative stress.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide and Inflammation written by Daniela Salvemini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-11 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literally thousands of papers have been published on nitric oxide over the past ten years. But there is no single monograph available that has previously attempted to summarize the important features of the roles of nitric oxide in inflammation. The voluminous literature regarding the incredible range of chemical and biological effects of nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen oxide species, RNOS, may present a tangle of confusing information to the researcher. This volume brings together experts from nitric oxide and inflammation research and presents a concise up-to-date overview as well as future aspects of this rapidly growing field.
Download or read book Signaling Mechanisms of Oxygen and Nitrogen Free Radicals written by Igor B. Afanas'ev and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-06-18 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once the existence of free radicals was proven, an avalanche of studies on free radical-mediated biological processes ensued. The study of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) is center stage in biological free radical investigations. Written by a biochemist, Signaling Mechanisms of Oxygen and Nitrogen Free Radicals discusses the regu
Download or read book Oxygen Nitrogen Radicals and Cellular Injury written by Kenneth B. Adler and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000-03 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers: characterization of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in human airway epithelium; nitric oxide and its congeners in mitochondria; role of nitric oxide in inflammation and tissue injury during endotoxemia and hemorrhagic shock; nitric oxide and peroxynitrite production in ocular inflammation; 5 papers on pulmonary/pollutant effects; 6 papers on oxidants and signal transduction, including impact of oxidative stress on signal transduction control by phosphotyrosine phosphatases; the nature of antioxidant defense mechanisms; lipid peroxidation products and antioxidants in human disease; and lung injury and oxidoreductases.
Download or read book Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition written by Manfred Lamprecht and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.
Download or read book Oxidative Stress Inflammation and Health written by Young-Joon Surh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-24 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specifically focusing on the redox regulation of cell signaling responsible for oxidative stress and inflammatory tissue damage, this reference provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research on the intracellular events mediating or preventing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory processes induced by endogenous and xenobiotic factors-an
Download or read book Oxidative Stress Inflammation and Angiogenesis in the Metabolic Syndrome written by Raquel Soares and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-25 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a highly prevalent condition in developed countries and is a cluster of several risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease that includes increased body mass index/waist circumference, visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hyperclycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension, which are all major causes of morbidity and death. This volume provides a critical review and discussion of the knowledge gathered on MS and analyzes the interplay between oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and angiogenesis features. There is a special focus on recent discoveries and progress toward possible therapeutic strategies, such as the role of glucose transporters within MS; the effects of polyphenols as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic compounds. The role of NFkB, nitric oxide synthases, hypoxia-inducible factors, and many other molecules that play a part in the development of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as angiogenesis is also covered. This book fills the gap between basic science and medical care, and provides the reader with the skills to apply rigorous basic science to clinical settings of metabolic syndrome-associated disorders.
Download or read book Free Radical Pathophysiology written by Silvia Alvarez and published by . This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free radicals are defined as any chemical species capable of independent existence, which contains at least one unpaired electron. Molecular divalent oxygen itself is by definition a free radical. The term reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are freely used in the literature. They refer to free radicals such as superoxide anion (O2"-), hydroxyl radical (HO") and nitric oxide (NO), and even to the non-radicals such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-). It has been shown that ROS and RNS are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as mutation, carcinogenesis, aging, atherosclerosis, inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion, and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the importance of mitochondrial metabolism of these species in pathophysiological events, has been addressed. We believe that the readers of this book will find the real frontline areas of free radical research in pathophysiology. There is a bright future for investigations in this area, and we hope that this book will be helpful to every person interested in free radicals. This book has 24 chapters that are divided into 5 major sections that lead from basic concepts in free radical biology to clinically applied investigations. The book begins with an updated overview of basic principles on oxidative and nitrosative stress (Section 1). It takes us through the concept of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, 3-nitrotyrosine and nitrated lipids as markers of nitrosative stress, the effect of ferritin on ascorbyl radical content, and ends with the description of the antioxidant network and the relevance of flavanols and procyanidins for disease. Section 2 addresses the importance of mitochondria in pathophysiology. It is reviewed not only the role of mitochondria in cell death and the importance of the uncoupling proteins, but the nitric oxide metabolism and mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase from heart, as well. This section ends reviewing the relationship between mitochondrial oxidative stress and the permeability transition. The role of free radicals in inflammatory conditions is described in section 3. By starting with the discussion of the oxygen/nitric oxide metabolism in sepsis and the oxidative stress generated by the exposition to particulate matter, it ends with actualizations on the role of iron and the therapeutic role of melatonin in inflammation and sepsis. Section 4 focuses on the involvement of free radicals in neurodegeneration. The topics discussed includes: the importance of nitric oxide metabolism in neurodegenerative pathways, mitochondrial function in neuronal aging and plasticity, and the role of vitagenes in the cellular stress tolerance during aging and neurodegeneration. The last, but not least section (section 5) returns to the concept of oxidative stress and is discussed within the scope of different pathologies and related processes. This section begins with pathologies as alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with obesity and age related macular degeneration and glaucoma. It ends with the role and importance of oxygen free radicals in liver preconditioning, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and in an experimental model of choline deficiency. Bringing together so many internationally recognized authors was not an easy task. We are grateful to them, who worked very hard to produce reviews of high scientific quality. This concerted effort makes the book an updated reference in the involvement of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in physiological and pathological processes. We are also grateful to Dr. S. G. Pandalai from Transworld Research Network, without whose support this project would have never been completed.
Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection written by Donald Armstrong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection: The Science of Free Radical Biology and Disease Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection begins with a historical perspective of pioneers in oxidative stress with an introductory section that explains the basic principles related to oxidative stress in biochemistry and molecular biology, demonstrating both pathways and biomarkers. This section also covers diagnostic imaging and differential diagnostics. The following section covers psychological, physiologic, pharmacologic and pathologic correlates. This section addresses inheritance, gender, nutrition, obesity, family history, behavior modification, natural herbal-botanical products, and supplementation in the treatment of disease. Clinical trials are also summarized for major medical disorders and efficacy of treatment, with particular focus on inflammation, immune response, recycling, disease progression, outcomes and interventions. Each of the chapters describes what biomarker(s) and physiological functions may be relevant to a concept of specific disease and potential alternative therapy. The chapters cover medical terminology, developmental change, effects of aging, senescence, lifespan, and wound healing, and also illustrates cross-over exposure to other fields. The final chapter covers how and when to interpret appropriate data used in entry level biostatistics and epidemiology. Authored and edited by leaders in the field, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers studying cell biology, molecular biology, and biochemistry, as well professionals in various health science fields.
Download or read book Free Radicals and Inflammation written by Paul G. Winyard and published by Birkhauser. This book was released on 2000 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inflammation and Cancer written by Bharat B. Aggarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. Leading experts describe the latest results of molecular and cellular research on infection, cancer-related inflammation and tumorigenesis. Further, the clinical significance of these findings in preventing cancer progression and approaches to treating the diseases are discussed. Individual chapters cover cancer of the lung, colon, breast, brain, head and neck, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, liver, cervix and skin as well as gastric cancer, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide Production Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Rat Adrenal Medulla During Chronic and Intermittent Hypoxia written by Yu Liu and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Nitric Oxide Production, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in the Rat Adrenal Medulla During Chronic and Intermittent Hypoxia" by Yu, Liu, 刘宇, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Adrenal gland, as an important effector tissue of the sympathetic nervous system, has critical roles in cardiovascular system under both chronic hypoxia (CH) and intermittent hypoxia (IH) conditions. Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized by nitric oxide synthases (NOS), is the most important intracellular signaling molecule, as well as free radical in response to hypoxia. Yet the regulation and effects of endogenous NO production mediated in the adrenal medulla induced by hypoxia remains largely unknown. We first studied how endogenous NO production were regulated by different NOS in rat adrenal medulla in response to CH or IH. After CH, elevated levels of endogenous NO production, eNOS expression, and apoptotic chromaffin cells were observed in the adrenal medulla. However, a remarkable decreased endogenous NO production and nNOS expression were shown in the IH-treated adrenal medulla. These results suggested that, in the rat adrenal medulla, the elevation of NO production through increased protein level of eNOS may play a protective role in the adaptive response to CH; the reduction of NO production through decreased expression of nNOS is important for the pathophysiological response to IH. The oxidative stress and cellular injury in the adrenal medulla under chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) condition is undefined. We tested the hypothesis that melatonin, a potent antioxidant, is protective against CIH-induced oxidative stress and local inflammation in the rat adrenal medulla. Results showed that levels of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory mediators were significantly increased after CIH treatment. Also, the protein levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly lowered in the hypoxic group. Co-treatment of melatonin with hypoxia significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the adrenal medulla. Moreover, the amount of apoptotic cells in the hypoxic groups was significantly less in the melatonin-treated group. Thus, melatonin may act as a protective agent against adrenal damages in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Previous studies have shown that CIH associated with recurrent apnea induced oxidative stress and pathophysiological changes in the cardiovascular system. Yet the mechanism of the CIH-induced oxidative stress and local inflammation in the adrenal medulla was undefined. We therefore determined whether the up-regulation of the expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) mediated by renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may take part in the injuries caused by CIH in the rat adrenal medulla. We found that CIH treatment dramatically induced marker levels of adrenal oxidative stress, inflammation, macrophage infiltration, and apoptosis in rats. Co-treatment with NOX inhibitor, apocynin, counteracted such reactions. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of NOX subunits (p22PHOX, NOX2, and NOX4) and RAS components (ATG, AT1, and AT2) were increased significantly in the CIH group, but reduced in apocynin-treated CIH group, supporting the involvement of NOX and RAS in CIH-induced adrenal injury. In conclusion, we defined the roles of NO production, NOX, and RAS in the rat adrenal injury during hypoxic conditions. We also found that melatonin can protect adrenal medulla from hypoxia-induced damages in rat. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4807967 Subjects: Rats as laboratory animals
Download or read book Oxidative Stress Revisited Major Role in Vascular Diseases written by Cristina M. Sena and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress is an underlying factor in health and disease. Reactive oxygen species are produced as a result of normal cellular metabolism. The subsequent altered redox state between the formation and the neutralization of pro-oxidants results in their increased levels and therefore leads to cellular damage. Different research disciplines have increased our knowledge of the importance of this cell redox status and the recognition of oxidative stress as a process with implications for many pathophysiological states. Genetic and environmental factors, nutrition and lifestyle may indicate a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory state, linked to alterations in cellular structure and function. Oxidative stress emerges as a common, unifying factor in several conditions including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This eBook aims to provide novel data regarding the role played by oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of chronic diseases and the different classes of therapeutics from the bench to the clinic, stressing the awareness of these concepts for the treatment of disease. In addition, articles addressing an overview of the role of oxidative stress in vascular diseases reviewing some current concepts indicating that oxidative stress and inflammation are key mechanisms linking vascular diseases and current state-of-the-art approaches to monitor, prevent and inhibit oxidative stress will be highlighted. There is a close relation between oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Despite the great amount of investigation carried out in the field, there are still uncertainties about the mechanisms by which free radicals can modify tissues such as perivascular adipose tissue that ultimately will reflect on vascular function. This eBook will focus on articles that can explore and identify these mechanisms. Concurrent with this understanding of oxidative stress milieu, it is necessary to recognize the need for new pharmacological tools effective in restoring oxidative balance. The abundance of new information and the paradigm shift in our understanding of how antioxidants and other redox-active drugs work in a wide variety of vascular diseases will be specifically highlighted. This eBook will provide a comprehensive, up-to-date source of information on the design and mechanistic, pharmacological, and medicinal aspects of redox-active therapeutics. Finally, a unique feature of the eBook is to provide a way to foster an enthralling discussion revisiting old paradigms and finding new solutions for the treatment of vascular diseases. The topic will include original research articles, hypotheses, perspectives and (mini)reviews from experts in the field. The next decade shows promise for the translation of this body of knowledge to novel human therapeutics and this eBook will enable to increment our knowledge in this field.
Download or read book Free Radical Biology in Digestive Diseases written by Yuji Naito and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing body of experimental and clinical data to suggest that the organs of the digestive system may be subjected to considerable oxidative stress associated with acute and chronic inflammation. Although inflammation and ischemia play a key role in producing oxygen-derived free radicals in the digestive tract, the contribution of other factors, such as transition metal imbalances, lipid and glucose metabolic disturbance, and the interaction with gaseous molecules including nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, has also been suggested. Recent studies have demonstrated that several biomarkers indicating oxidative stress-mediated damage may help in monitoring the degree of disease and planning the design of new therapeutic strategies. In addition, recent advances in 'omics' research (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) may bring a breakthrough in the field of gastroenterology and hepatology: Several molecular targets for oxidative stress have been presented by the 'omics'. This book includes up-to-date reviews on the relevant issues in free radical biology in a combination with expert basic research reviews and clinical aspects in gastroenterology and hepatology. Providing information about new molecular targets for the treatment or prevention of digestive diseases, this book should be read by clinical and basic researchers in gastroenterology and hepatology.
Download or read book Reactive Metabolites of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Biology and Medicine written by Matthew B. Grisham and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
