Download or read book Forward Collision Avoidance Systems and the Prevention of Rear End Collisions written by Allen D. Rhodes and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2012 over 1.7 million rear-end crashes occurred on our nation's highways, resulting in more than 1,700 fatalities and 500,000 injured people. Many of these crashes could have been mitigated, or possibly even prevented, had rear-end collision avoidance technologies been in place. However, slow and insufficient action to develop performance standards for these technologies and require them in passenger and commercial vehicles, as well as a lack of incentives for manufacturers, has contributed to the ongoing and unacceptable frequency of rear-end crashes. This book describes the common causes of rear-end crashes, considers some of the latest potential solutions and countermeasures, reiterates and reclassifies previous recommendations, and issues new recommendations aimed at reducing the number and severity of such crashes. The book discusses the Safety Board special investigation which addresses the prevention of rear-end collisions through the use of Intelligent Transportation Systems. It discusses some of the challenges, including implementation, consumer acceptance, public perception, and training, associated with the deployment of vehicle- and infrastructure-based collision warning systems.
Download or read book Special Investigation Report written by United States. National Transportation Safety Board and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1999 and 2000, the National Transportation Safety Board investigated nine rear-end collisions in which 20 people died and 181 were injured. Common to all nine accidents was the rear following vehicle driver's degraded perception of traffic conditions ahead. As the Safety Board reported in 1995 and further discussed at its 1999 public hearing, existing technology in the form of intelligent Transportation Systems can prevent rear-end collisions. In the nine accidents investigated by the Board, one (and sometimes more) of the available technologies would have helped alert drivers to the vehicles ahead, so that they could slow their vehicles, and would have prevented or mitigated the circumstances of the collisions. The major issue addressed in this Safety Board special investigation report is the prevention of rear-end collisions through the use of Intelligent transportation systems. This report also discusses some of the challenges, including implementation, consumer acceptance, public perception, and training, associated with the deployment of vehicle-and infrastructure-based collision warning systems. As a result of its investigation, the Safety Board issues recommendations to the U.S. Department of Transportation; the Federal Highway Administration; the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; truck, motorcoach, and automobile manufacturers; the Intelligent Transportation Society of America; the American Trucking Associations, Inc.; the Owner-Operator Independent Driver Association; and the National Private Truck Council.
Download or read book Vehicle and Infrastructure based Technology for the Prevention of Rear end Collisions written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Object Detection Collision Warning and Avoidance Systems written by Ronald K. Jurgen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2007 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains 51 papers covering eight years of research on object detection, collision warning, and collision avoidance. Topics covered include: Parking aids; Target tracking with cameras; Sensor combinations; Blind spot detection; Imager chips; Lane tracking; Lane and road departure warning; Sensor fusion; Intersection collision warning; Front- and rear-end crash avoidance; Automatic collision avoidance systems; Braking systems for collision avoidance; and Driver-vehicle interface requirements.
Download or read book Handbook of Intelligent Vehicles written by Azim Eskandarian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Intelligent Vehicles provides a complete coverage of the fundamentals, new technologies, and sub-areas essential to the development of intelligent vehicles; it also includes advances made to date, challenges, and future trends. Significant strides in the field have been made to date; however, so far there has been no single book or volume which captures these advances in a comprehensive format, addressing all essential components and subspecialties of intelligent vehicles, as this book does. Since the intended users are engineering practitioners, as well as researchers and graduate students, the book chapters do not only cover fundamentals, methods, and algorithms but also include how software/hardware are implemented, and demonstrate the advances along with their present challenges. Research at both component and systems levels are required to advance the functionality of intelligent vehicles. This volume covers both of these aspects in addition to the fundamentals listed above.
Download or read book Development of Performance Specifications for Collision Avoidance Systems for Lane Change Merging and Backing Task 2 Functional Goals Establishment Interim Report written by S. K. Young and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Performance Specifications for Collision Avoidance Systems for Lane Change Merging and Backing written by S. K. Young and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Path Planning and Tracking for Vehicle Collision Avoidance in Lateral and Longitudinal Motion Directions written by Jie Ji and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the control of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) has attracted strong attention for various automotive applications. One of the important features demanded of CAVs is collision avoidance, whether it is a stationary or a moving obstacle. Due to complex traffic conditions and various vehicle dynamics, the collision avoidance system should ensure that the vehicle can avoid collision with other vehicles or obstacles in longitudinal and lateral directions simultaneously. The longitudinal collision avoidance controller can avoid or mitigate vehicle collision accidents effectively via Forward Collision Warning (FCW), Brake Assist System (BAS), and Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB), which has been commercially applied in many new vehicles launched by automobile enterprises. But in lateral motion direction, it is necessary to determine a flexible collision avoidance path in real time in case of detecting any obstacle. Then, a path-tracking algorithm is designed to assure that the vehicle will follow the predetermined path precisely, while guaranteeing certain comfort and vehicle stability over a wide range of velocities. In recent years, the rapid development of sensor, control, and communication technology has brought both possibilities and challenges to the improvement of vehicle collision avoidance capability, so collision avoidance system still needs to be further studied based on the emerging technologies. In this book, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current collision avoidance strategies for traditional vehicles and CAVs. First, the book introduces some emergency path planning methods that can be applied in global route design and local path generation situations which are the most common scenarios in driving. A comparison is made in the path-planning problem in both timing and performance between the conventional algorithms and emergency methods. In addition, this book introduces and designs an up-to-date path-planning method based on artificial potential field methods for collision avoidance, and verifies the effectiveness of this method in complex road environment. Next, in order to accurately track the predetermined path for collision avoidance, traditional control methods, humanlike control strategies, and intelligent approaches are discussed to solve the path-tracking problem and ensure the vehicle successfully avoids the collisions. In addition, this book designs and applies robust control to solve the path-tracking problem and verify its tracking effect in different scenarios. Finally, this book introduces the basic principles and test methods of AEB system for collision avoidance of a single vehicle. Meanwhile, by taking advantage of data sharing between vehicles based on V2X (vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure) communication, pile-up accidents in longitudinal direction are effectively avoided through cooperative motion control of multiple vehicles.
Download or read book IVHS Countermeasures for Rear end Collisions Task 1 Interim Report Volume 6 Human Factors Studies written by T. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book IVHS Countermeasures for Rear end Collisions written by Terry Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book IVHS Countermeasures for Rear end Collisions written by Terry Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Drivers Rear end Collision Avoidance Behaviors written by Vindhya Venkatraman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rear-end collisions are frequent yet preventable crashes in the United States. Collision warning systems have the potential to prevent crashes and mitigate crash severity. However, their success depends on the algorithms used to trigger the warnings, and computational models of rear-end collision avoidance behaviors are critical for accurate calibration of warning algorithms. This dissertation addresses gaps in driver modeling research by developing models based on three different psychological perspectives. A driving simulator experiment was used to provide data of imminent collision with a stopped or decelerating lead vehicle in the presence or absence of a warning system. Three models were developed--two were based on the information-processing approach (static models) with different parameter associations, and one was based on the ecological approach and concepts of direct perception (dynamic model). The static model with independent stages considered parameters (reaction time, jerk, and deceleration) as independent; the static model with dependent stages used copula functions to construct trivariate distributions. Associations between variables suggests that assumptions of independence are invalid. Counterfactual analysis was used to perform benefits estimation, and results show that predicted benefits of the copula-based models and those of the static models with independent stages differ by 11%. The dynamic model used perceptual variables--visual angle and expansion rate--to model onset of braking (reaction time) and deceleration profiles. This dynamic model assumes that perception occurs in the light, i.e., ecological structures relevant to collision avoidance, such as visual looming of the lead vehicle, can be used to directly specify collision-avoidance actions. The dynamic models may represent drivers' braking responses more precisely, however, traditional statistical approaches cannot be used for the parameterization of such complex models. The Approximate Bayesian Computation technique was used to parameterize these models in this dissertation. Model parameters estimated with this technique indicate that combinations of perceptual variables generate dynamic collision-imminent deceleration profiles similar to those observed in the empirical data. Between-driver variances in deceleration were captured in the perceptual variable parameters. Taken together, the different models improve our understanding of the mechanisms governing drivers' rear-end collision avoidance and provide a basis for future behavioral modeling.
Download or read book Handbook of Driver Assistance Systems written by Hermann Winner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fundamental work explains in detail systems for active safety and driver assistance, considering both their structure and their function. These include the well-known standard systems such as Anti-lock braking system (ABS), Electronic Stability Control (ESC) or Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC). But it includes also new systems for protecting collisions protection, for changing the lane, or for convenient parking. The book aims at giving a complete picture focusing on the entire system. First, it describes the components which are necessary for assistance systems, such as sensors, actuators, mechatronic subsystems, and control elements. Then, it explains key features for the user-friendly design of human-machine interfaces between driver and assistance system. Finally, important characteristic features of driver assistance systems for particular vehicles are presented: Systems for commercial vehicles and motorcycles.
Download or read book Development and Validation of Functional Definitions and Evaluation Procedures for Collision Warning avoidance Systems written by Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1996, over 1.8 million rear-end crashes occurred in the United States with approximately 2,000 associated fatalities and 800,000 injuries. Rear-end crashes accounted for approximately 25% of all police-reported crashes and 5% of all traffic fatalities. Forward collision warning (FCW) systems are now emerging that provide alerts intended to assist drivers in avoiding or mitigating rear-end crashes. This report describes activities undertaken by CAMP to define and develop key pre-competitive enabling elements of FCW systems. These elements include the definition of specific crash type(s) that an FCW system should be designed to address, the resulting minimum functional requirements for such a system, and objective test procedures for evaluating the extent to which a particular system design provides the desired functionality. Establishing these key elements will enhance consistent countermeasure system implementation across manufacturers. This will result in improved customer understanding and acceptance and help to accelerate the implementation of FCW systems.
Download or read book Rear end Collision Avoidance Systems written by E. M. Hayes and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Continuing to Improve Truck Safety on Our Nation s Highways written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety, and Security and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Factors in Forward Collision Warning Systems Operating Characteristics and User Interface Requirements written by Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Committee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forward Collision Warning (FCW) systems are onboard systems intended to provide alerts to assist drivers in avoiding striking the rear end of another moving or stationary motorized vehicle. This SAE Information Report describes elements for a FCW operator interface, as well as requirements and test methods for systems capable of warning drivers of rear-end collisions.This information report applies to original equipment and aftermarket FCW systems for passenger vehicles including cars, light trucks, and vans. This report does not apply to heavy trucks. Furthermore, this document does not address integration issues associated with adaptive cruise control (ACC), and consequently, aspects of the document could be inappropriate for an ACC system integrated with a FCW system.
