Download or read book Frontier Forts of Iowa written by William E. Whittaker and published by University of Iowa Press. This book was released on 2009-09 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At least fifty-six frontier forts once stood in, or within view of, what is now the state of Iowa. The earliest date to the 1680s, while the latest date to the Dakota uprising of 1862. Some were vast compounds housing hundreds of soldiers; others consisted of a few sheds built by a trader along a riverbank. Regardless of their size and function—William Whittaker and his contributors include any compound that was historically called a fort, whether stockaded or not, as well as all military installations—all sought to control and manipulate Indians to the advantage of European and American traders, governments, and settlers. Frontier Forts of Iowa draws extensively upon the archaeological and historical records to document this era of transformation from the seventeenth-century fur trade until almost all Indians had been removed from the region. The earliest European-constructed forts along the Mississippi, Des Moines, and Missouri rivers fostered a complex relationship between Indians and early traders. After the Louisiana Purchase of 1804, American military forts emerged in the Upper Midwest, defending the newly claimed territories from foreign armies, foreign traders, and foreign-supported Indians. After the War of 1812, new forts were built to control Indians until they could be moved out of the way of American settlers; forts of this period, which made extensive use of roads and trails, teamed a military presence with an Indian agent who negotiated treaties and regulated trade. The final phase of fort construction in Iowa occurred in response to the Spirit Lake massacre and the Dakota uprising; the complete removal of the Dakota in 1863 marked the end of frontier forts in a state now almost completely settled by Euro-Americans. By focusing on the archaeological evidence produced by many years of excavations and by supporting their words with a wealth of maps and illustrations, the authors uncover the past and connect it with the real history of real places. In so doing they illuminate the complicated and dramatic history of the Upper Midwest in a time of enormous change. Past is linked to present in the form of a section on visiting original and reconstructed forts today. Contributors: Gayle F. Carlson Jeffrey T. Carr Lance M. Foster Kathryn E. M. Gourley Marshall B. McKusick Cindy L. Nagel David J. Nolan Cynthia L. Peterson Leah D. Rogers Regena Jo Schantz Christopher M. Schoen Vicki L. Twinde-Javner William E. Whittaker

Download or read book The Guide to Iowa s State Preserves written by Ruth Herzberg and published by University of Iowa Press. This book was released on 2001-12-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iowa state preserves system was created in 1965; a decade later, thirty preserves had been dedicated, including “six native prairies, a native White Pine stand, the state's only Sphagnum bog, a Balsam Fir stand, some of the oldest exposed rock outcrops in the world, an ancient fort, a fen, several Indian mound groups and a historical cemetery.” This new guide to all ninety Iowa state preserves—biological, geological, archaeological, historical, and scenic—describes the state's most treasured prairies and forests, quartzite outcrops and ice caves, and Indian mounds and wetlands as well as such historic sites as Fort Atkinson and Montauk. Each entry includes two-color, progressively scaled maps giving the location of the preserve within the state, within its county, relative to a nearby town (with a recommended driving route), and on the local landscape (using USGS 7.5-minute topo maps). Also included are written directions (using 911 street names and signs); a description of the preserve's size, features, and history; a list of nearby or similar preserves, parks, natural areas, and other attractions; recommended readings; and contact information. (There are a few exceptions for privately owned or fragile preserves.) For travelers, a map in the introduction numbers all the preserves both geographically and alphabetically by name. Although the preserves system emphasizes preservation rather than recreation, some preserves do have formal trails; some allow hunting, horseback riding, and canoeing; a few have museums or nature centers. This comprehensive guide allows visitors to plan active and informative visits to sites that highlight Iowa's natural and cultural heritage.

Download or read book Iowa s Archaeological Past written by Lynn M. Alex and published by University of Iowa Press. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iowa has more than eighteen thousand archaeological sites, and research in the past few decades has transformed our knowledge of the state's human past. Drawing on the discoveries of many avocational and professional scientists, Lynn Alex describes Iowa's unique archaeological record as well as the challenges faced by today's researchers, armed with innovative techniques for the discovery and recovery of archaeological remains and increasingly refined frameworks for interpretation. The core of this book--which includes many historic photographs and maps as well as numerous new maps and drawings and a generous selection of color photos--explores in detail what archaeologists have learned from studying the state's material remains and their contexts. Examining the projectile points, potsherds, and patterns that make up the archaeological record, Alex describes the nature of the earliest settlements in Iowa, the development of farming cultures, the role of the environment and environmental change, geomorphology and the burial of sites, interaction among native societies, tribal affiliation of early historic groups, and the arrival and impact of Euro-Americans. In a final chapter, she examines the question of stewardship and the protection of Iowa's many archaeological resources.

Download or read book The Archaeological Guide to Iowa written by William E. Whittaker and published by University of Iowa Press. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iowa has the reputation of being one big corn field, so you may be surprised to learn it boasts a rich crop of recorded archaeological sites as well—approximately 27,000 at last count. Some are spectacular, such as the one hundred mounds at Sny Magill in Effigy Mounds National Monument, while others consist of old abandoned farmsteads or small scatters of prehistoric flakes and heated rocks. Untold numbers are completely gone or badly disturbed—destroyed by plowing, erosion, or development. Fortunately, there are many sites open to the public where the remnants of the past are visible, either in their original location or in nearby museum exhibits. Few things are more inspiring than walking among the Malchow Mounds, packed so tightly it is hard to tell where one ends and the other begins. Strolling around downtown Des Moines is a lot more interesting when you are aware of the mounds, Indian villages, and the fort that once stood there. And, although you can’t visit the Wanampito site, you can see the splendid seventeenth-century artifacts excavated from it at Heery Woods State Park. For people who want to experience Iowa’s archaeological heritage first hand, this one-of-a-kind guidebook shows the way to sixty-eight important sites. Many are open to visitors or can be seen from a public location; others, on private land or no longer visible on the landscape, live on through artifact displays. The guide also includes a few important sites that are not open to visitors because these places have unique stories to tell. Sites of every type, from every time period, and in every corner of the state are featured. Whether you have a few hours to indulge your curiosity or are planning a road trip across the state, this guide will take you to places where Iowa’s deep history comes to life.

Download or read book The Indians of Iowa written by Lance M. Foster and published by University of Iowa Press. This book was released on 2009-10 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of Iowa's Native American tribes that discusses their history, culture, language, and traditions, and includes illustrations.

Download or read book Cartographic Records Relating to the Territory of Iowa 1838 1846 written by United States. National Archives and Records Service and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Swiss Record written by Brown Swiss Cattle Breeders' Association of the United States of America, inc and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Hurlbut Genealogy written by Henry Higgins Hurlbut and published by . This book was released on 1888 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Brown Swiss Record written by Brown Swiss Cattle Breeders' Association and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction written by and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Collections of the State Historical Society of North Dakota written by State Historical Society of North Dakota and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. 1-4 include the annual report for 1906-[1910/12]

Download or read book Cram s Quick Reference Atlas and Gazetteer of the World written by George Franklin Cram and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The American Short horn Herd Book written by Lewis Falley Allen and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 1182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agricultural Appropriations for written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 1834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Descendants of Richard Sares Sears of Yarmouth Mass 1638 1888 written by Samuel Pearce May and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States Official Postal Guide written by United States. Post Office Department and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873)