Download or read book The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by United States. Central Intelligence Agency and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Features the "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 1998," presented by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor of the U.S. State Department. Focuses on the human rights record of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.
Download or read book The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-06-26 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Macedonian labor market exhibits a high unemployment rate, yet does not demonstrate obvious and large enough constraints on the demand or supply side. Considerable achievements can be made by maintaining macroeconomic stability, attracting FDI, and closing the educational gaps. The second paper assesses ways in which the Macedonian financial sector could better contribute to growth and real convergence, taking stock of where the sector stands and its recent developments. Streamlining bankruptcy procedures, improving collateral and systematic collection and publication of real estate sales data, and revisiting the interest rate cap may serve to moderately boost credit supply.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2007-07-30 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia’s Second Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement and Request for Waiver of Performance Criteria and Rephasing of the Program. The 2007 fiscal deficit target increased modestly to 1 percent of GDP. Taxes were cut and budget quality improved, but there remain fiscal risks, in particular in delivering the planned reduction in transfers and subsidies. Over the medium term, the government aims to keep the fiscal deficit below 11⁄2 percent of GDP, cutting overall government spending by 2 percent of GDP while raising public investment.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper on Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia investigates the macroeconomic impact of remittances on long-run external sustainability and growth. The paper presents stylized facts pertaining to the characteristics of remittances in Macedonia, highlighting their countercyclicality and importance in sustaining the purchasing power of domestic agents. The paper reviews to help set up a theoretical framework for assessing their macroeconomic impact, highlighting the possible risk of “Dutch disease” developments. The paper uses a Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) model to empirically investigate both hypotheses of countercyclicality and Dutch disease effects and puts forward a few policy options that may be explored to better harness remittances to support investment and long-term growth. The paper suggests that strong political engagement in support of diaspora projects is a key point. The mobilization of diaspora savings for private and public investment would maximize the long-term benefits of remittances.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-03-21 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macedonia’s economic performance under the program has remained strong, reflecting the authorities’ commitment to build on the progress made and to advance the reform agenda. The average inflation rate was 2.3 percent, although it started to pick up recently owing to a relatively high increase in food prices, reflecting the global trend. On the expenditure side, the authorities will improve the quality of spending and redirect public spending to more productive uses, such as health, education, and infrastructure.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-09-23 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews economic developments in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia during 1994–98. In 1994–95, the authorities reasserted control over monetary policy, stabilized the exchange rate, and undertook a substantial fiscal adjustment. As a result, price stability was restored by 1996 and the decline in output was arrested. Programs for recapitalizing banks and accelerating the process of enterprise adjustment and privatization began in 1995. In 1996, the economy started to pick up, but a surge in industrial output in late 1996, partly reflecting the restarting of the oil refinery, could not be maintained.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-05-21 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix sheds light on the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia’s low growth and high unemployment during the 1990s by analyzing enterprise level data. The paper provides some background information on FYR Macedonia’s enterprise sector. It presents an assessment of enterprise sector developments during the 1990s, including the extent of firm entrance and exit. The paper also describes the results of an econometric study that examines the factors that have facilitated restructuring in surviving firms since FYR Macedonia’s independence in September 1991.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-05-16 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses key findings of the First Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement for Macedonia. Macroeconomic performance of Macedonia remains strong. Through end-December 2005, the authorities met all of the program’s quantitative performance criteria. Growth has remained steady at about 4 percent. Gross reserves have risen above €1 billion, allowing interest rates on National Bank of Macedonia bills to fall since November from 10 percent to 7 percent. To complete the First Review, the authorities have committed to strong policies, including measures to correct for delays in the program’s structural reforms.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2016 Article IV Consultation highlights that the economy of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia has been growing at a solid pace on the back of strong domestic demand and exports. The real GDP is now 16 percent above its precrisis level. In 2015, GDP growth increased to 3.8 percent from 3.6 percent in 2014. The unemployment rate continues to decline. Headline inflation has hovered at zero for the last two years, while core inflation turned positive at the end of 2015. GDP growth is projected to soften in 2016 but pick up in the medium term contingent on the return of political stability.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than twelve years after achieving candidate status, FYR Macedonia’s prospects for opening accession negotiations with the European Union are looking hopeful for the first time. The end of the political crisis has revived structural reforms, but investment is yet to gain a strong footing amid lingering uncertainties. Structural policies should focus on addressing longstanding weaknesses in the labor market, judiciary, and public administration to boost productivity and achieve faster income convergence. Macroeconomic policies should support this goal by rebuilding buffers and maintaining financial stability.
Download or read book The Education Systems of Europe written by Wolfgang Hörner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-03 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique handbook offers an analytical review of the education systems of all European countries, following common analytical guidelines, and highlighting the paradox that education simultaneously pursues a universal value as well as a national character. Coverage includes international student performance studies, and a comparison of education dynamics in Eastern "new Europe" with "older" western EU members. The book provides a differentiated analytical data base, and offers suggestions for further research.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-09-19 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia’s (FYR Macedonia) Request for a Stand-By Arrangement and Extension of Repurchase Expectations. The authorities have asked the IMF to support an ambitious program that includes structural reforms that address the root causes of FYR Macedonia’s weak performance. On the macroeconomic front, the near-term aims of the program are to strengthen the exchange rate peg by increasing foreign exchange reserves and to manage the transition from official budget financing to market-based financing. The program also aims to secure medium-term fiscal sustainability.
Download or read book The New Macedonian Question written by J. Pettifer and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999-05-19 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Macedonian question has been at the heart of the Balkan crisis for most of the twentieth century. This important book is the first to bring together international experts to analyse the recent history of Macedonia since the break-up of Yugoslavia, and includes seminal analyses of key issues in ethnic relations, politics, and recent history. It is edited by James Pettifer, a British authority on the southern Balkans, and is likely to prove a landmark in its field.
Download or read book A Legal and Political Interpretation of Articles 224 and 225 of the Treaty of Rome written by Constantin Stefanou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1997. Article 224 is one of the most powerful Articles of the Treaty of Rome, allowing a member state to take unilateral measures and to suspend some or all its Treaty-based obligations in times of what can loosely be described as serious internal turmoil or external threat. It is for this reason that the very next Article of the Treaty, Article 225, allows the Commission or a member state to challenge invocation of Art.224, before the European Court of Justice (ECJ), on grounds of improper use. In practice, the use of Art.224, by a member state presents multiple problems. The obvious connection with defence and security issues has inhibited the ECJ which still has not given and authentic interpretation of this Article. As the recent former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) cases (Greek referral for the embargo on FYROM) indicate, unless the use of Art.224 is blatantly flippant, the ECJ is not in a position to challenge a member state’s unilateral measures.
