Download or read book Theories of Scientific Method written by Robert Nola and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is it to be scientific? Is there such a thing as scientific method? And if so, how might such methods be justified? Robert Nola and Howard Sankey seek to provide answers to these fundamental questions in their exploration of the major recent theories of scientific method. Although for many scientists their understanding of method is something they just pick up in the course of being trained, Nola and Sankey argue that it is possible to be explicit about what this tacit understanding of method is, rather than leave it as some unfathomable mystery. They robustly defend the idea that there is such a thing as scientific method and show how this might be legitimated. This book begins with the question of what methodology might mean and explores the notions of values, rules and principles, before investigating how methodologists have sought to show that our scientific methods are rational. Part 2 of this book sets out some principles of inductive method and examines its alternatives including abduction, IBE, and hypothetico-deductivism. Part 3 introduces probabilistic modes of reasoning, particularly Bayesianism in its various guises, and shows how it is able to give an account of many of the values and rules of method. Part 4 considers the ideas of philosophers who have proposed distinctive theories of method such as Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend and Part 5 continues this theme by considering philosophers who have proposed naturalised theories of method such as Quine, Laudan and Rescher. This book offers readers a comprehensive introduction to the idea of scientific method and a wide-ranging discussion of how historians of science, philosophers of science and scientists have grappled with the question over the last fifty years.

Download or read book Information Theory and Esthetic Perception written by Abraham A. Moles and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Madness and Social Representations written by Denise Jodelet and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A striking account of a colony for the mentally ill that forces a reconsideration of madness in society. What happens when the mentally ill are not isolated from society but are instead welcomed into it and invited to take a place in the fabric of the community? Are fear and rejection replaced by the understanding and sympathy often engendered by familiarity? Or are the barriers between the sane and the mad only strengthened? We have experienced a taste of this scenario in the U.S. in the last decade with the new emphasis on de-institutionalization, but Denise Jodelet takes us to an extraordinary community in France where the mentally ill have assumed a visible and prominent role for more than seventy years. The small French town of Ainay-le-Ch�teau and its environs are the site of a "family colony" for men, established in 1900. Here the patients ("lodgers") live with ordinary families ("foster parents"), hold jobs, and are free to move about the countryside. Jodelet's chronicle of daily life in the colony is made rich and vivid by extensive ethnographic material as she unravels a complex set of relationships, ultimately finding that while some of the barriers between the "other" and the larger society have been overcome, new ones have arisen in their place. This unique social experiment provides invaluable social and cultural insights, illuminating many fundamental issues in psychology, psychiatry, and sociology.

Download or read book Neuroscientific Foundations of Anesthesiology written by George A. Mashour and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the perioperative care of patients by anesthesiologists draws on diverse clinical skills, the principles of anesthesiology and pain management are rooted in the neurosciences. The Neuroscientific Foundations of Anesthesiology thoroughly examines the anesthetic modulation of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems and will help redefine anesthesiology as a fundamentally neuroscientific field. The book is organized by sections, with each focusing on a different part of the nervous system. State-of-the-art chapters written by thought-leaders in anesthesiology and neuroscience provide a novel and invaluable resource.

Download or read book Connecting Histories of Education written by Barnita Bagchi and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2014-03-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of education in the modern world is a history of transnational and cross-cultural influence. This collection explores those influences in (post) colonial and indigenous education across different geographical contexts. The authors emphasize how local actors constructed their own adaptation of colonialism, identity, and autonomy, creating a multi-centric and entangled history of modern education. In both formal as well as informal aspects, they demonstrate that transnational and cross-cultural exchanges in education have been characterized by appropriation, re-contextualization, and hybridization, thereby rejecting traditional notions of colonial education as an export of pre-existing metropolitan educational systems.

Download or read book Quality written by Bo Bergman and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1994 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces quality management and methodology at an undergraduate level. Divided into five parts, it offers a comprehensive review of the subject and includes appendices of basic statistics.

Download or read book Neuronal Networks of the Hippocampus written by Roger D. Traub and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-05-31 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The questions of how a large population of neurons in the brain functions, how synchronized firing of neurons is achieved, and what factors regulate how many and which neurons fire under different conditions form the central theme of this book. Important neurological techniques for the physiological reconstruction of a large biological neural network are presented.

Download or read book Applied Social Psychology written by Marilynn B. Brewer and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2004-01-26 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Social Psychology is a collection of readings from the four-volume set of Blackwell Handbooks of Social Psychology that examine the applications of social psychological theory and research in various domains of personal, institutional, and societal well-being. Collects readings from the four-volume set of Blackwell Handbooks of Social Psychology and includes introductions by two world-renowned researchers. Examines the applications of social psychological theory and research in various domains of personal, institutional, and societal well-being. Illustrates how social psychological analyses of individual, interpersonal, and group level processes have contributed to important areas of applied psychology.

Download or read book What Went Wrong written by Trevor A. Kletz and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1985 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Everyday Understanding written by G. R. Semin and published by Sage Publications (CA). This book was released on 1990 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decade has seen a growing interest in broadly shared understandings of culture, known as indigenous psychologies, with lay perspectives being seen as critical to understanding this area. This inter-disciplinary volume looks at the problem of lay theories.

Download or read book Metaphysics and the Philosophy of Science written by Gerd Buchdahl and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1969-01 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Theory of Scientific Method written by William Whewell and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes the author's seminal studies of the logic of induction, arguments for his realist view that science discovers necessary truths about nature, and exercises in the epistemology and ontology of science.

Download or read book Talking Politics written by Kum-Kum Bhavnani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-06-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1991, this study examines the views of politics presented by young people in contemporary Britain. Bhavnani argues that previous studies of youth and youth culture were limited by too great a reliance on simple survey techniques, and by lack of attention to conceptions of politics amongst young people, and to politics as a series of lived relationships rather than a set of external objects. Instead, she uses ethnographic approaches and open-response interviewing within the broad theoretical framework of social representations. The political is taken to refer to the ways in which people regulate, and attempt to regulate with a view to challenging, unequal social relationships. Within this the specific issues examined are employment, unemployment, youth training schemes, democracy and voting, racism, and marriage. Bhavnani's analysis, organised by themes such as disposable income and social and personal control, tackles questions of power in the research process; and a notion of discursive configurations as distinct from social representations.

Download or read book From Black to African American written by Gina Philogene and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1999-11-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the recent switch from the name Black to African American symbolizes a reconceptualization of Americans of African descent away from race to culture. This book examines the emergence of a new representation whose rapid spread has been fuelled by widely shared projections of a different future capable of overcoming the legacy of racism. Far from being just another label, the new name is capable of representing the group in question by projecting a different future for all of us in a multicultural America based on inclusion, fairness, and equality. Such projections are collectively elaborated, driven by the adoption of African American in the media as a more positive alternative to Black and its equally consistent use among a socio-demographically distinct subgroup of black Americans as a vehicle for a new self-identity. The contradistinction between these two alternative terms implies two different representations of the same group, one still based on race and the other rooted in culture. This tension between race and culture, crystallized in the competing uses of Black and African American, points to a more profound cultural transformation currently under way in America. This book takes a close look at the current state of flux in race relations in the United States through the lens of a social psychologist focusing on the emergence of an alternative name as a new social representation.

Download or read book Bulletin of the Lying In Hospital of the City of New York written by Society of the Lying-In Hospital of the City of New-York and published by . This book was released on 1932 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pipeline Risk Assessment written by W. Kent Muhlbauer and published by . This book was released on 2015-02-01 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The optimum management of risks emerges from the best understanding of risks. Risk understanding is now available to all, via efficient and intuitive risk assessment. This book presents the definitive approach to assessing risks from pipelines?an approach that overcomes the limitations of previous methodologies.As the definitive approach, the methodology must:*Provide clarity?generating immediately useful information to decision-makers*Be comprehensive and complete*Capture and integrate real world processes*Dispel myths arising from risk assessment past practice*Remove unnecessary complexity that interferes with understanding risk*Be cost-effective to create, apply, and manage.As with the author?s previous works, the recommended methodology detailed here is a practical, easy-to-apply approach to measuring risks associated with operating any type of pipeline in any environment. Risk assessment need not be a complex academic exercise. It should be a straightforward practice, used by ? and useful to ? any and all stakeholders in a pipeline?s operation.Some specific features of the definitive approach include:*The three critical determinants of failure probability?exposure, mitigation, resistance.*Using inspection information directly, intuitively, and efficiently in a risk assessment.*Measuring damage potential separately from failure potential.*Automatic and intuitive incorporation of interacting threats?weaknesses overlapping failure mechanisms.*The role of time-to-failure estimation in modeling corrosion and cracking.*Using hazard zones to understand potential consequence scenarios.*Representing all possible consequence scenarios with a manageable set.*The best use?not the most common use?of historical incident statistics*The essential role of the risk profile?proper risk management cannot occur without it.*Conservatism?both P50 and P90+ risk assessments are needed.*Making the risk assessment readily expandable?it should ?get smarter? as new knowledge becomes available.Herein lies essential guidance for keeping pipelines safe: Improving risk knowledge, leading to superior risk management, leading to safer pipelines.

Download or read book Popular Scientific Lectures written by Hermann Von Helmholtz and published by Franklin Classics. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.