Download or read book Forest Residues Management Guidelines for the Pacific Northwest written by John M. Pierovich and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest residues often require treatment to meet land management objectives. Guideline statements for managing forest residues are presented to provide direction for achieving these objectives. The latest research information and the best knowledge of experts in various land management disciplines were used to formulate these statements. A unique keying system is provided for determining which guidelines apply to a particular management activity, for a given site in a given location, and within a given forest species association type.
Download or read book Forest Residues in Hemlock spruce Forests of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska written by Robert H. Ruth and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The forest manager must balance all the interacting and often conflicting factors influencing residue management and decide on the best course of action. He needs to determine optimum volume, size, and arrangement of residues to leave on an area after logging, then to select the harvesting methods and residue management alternatives that best provide these conditions. Cramer (1974) summarized environmental effects of forest residues management for major forest types in the Pacific Northwest, but types of treatment were not listed and only minor attention was given to hemlock-spruce forests. Residue management guidelines have been prepared for Oregon and Washington (Pierovich et al. 1975) but the hemlock-spruce type is not discussed as a separate entity. Alaska is not included in either report. This report provides a detailed look at residue management throughout the north Pacific coastal fog belt, including Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, and Alaska. The approach is a general look at forest residues as part of the ecosystem, then a closer look at dead and decaying material after logging, considering fire hazard and the silvicultural, physical, chemical, and esthetic effects of this material. Residue treatments are described, evaluated, and recommended. The report is intended to provide an improved scientific framework for management decisions. The coastal environment is more moist than other parts of the Pacific Northwest. Generally, fire danger is low and the need for residue treatment to reduce fire hazard is limited to special situations. Northward into Alaska, increasing summer precipitation relegates fire danger to a subordinate management problem. Hemlock-spruce residue volumes may range up to 250 tons per acre (560 metric tons per hectare) when an old-growth timber stand is defective and has a high proportion of western red cedar, but volumes may be less than 50 tons per acre (112 metric tons per ha) with more complete utilization of sound young timber. The trend is to less residue volume as defective timber is replaced by vigorous young stands and utilization improves. Residues often dominate the post-logging environment and are a major factor influencing forest regeneration. Fresh residue intercepts natural seed fall or aerially sown seed and prevents seedling establishment; but later, as it decays and with moisture present, it becomes a suitable seed bed for hemlock and spruce. Advance regeneration, usually hemlock, grows on decaying residue material and almost invariably is intermixed with fresh logging residue. Its fate is determined by residue treatment. When residue treatments expose mineral soil, they influence species composition favoring several species. These ecological relationships between forest residues and conifer seedlings can be used by forest managers to influence density and species composition of the new timber stand. A common problem in hemlock-spruce is too many seedlings. When advance regeneration is prolific, harvesting plans and residue treatments should be designed to destroy some of the seedlings. Overstocking with post-logging regeneration can be reduced if the logging operation is planned so that fresh slash covers an appropriate portion of suitable seed beds. In special situations, individual factors carry heavy weight in residue management decisions. For soils with high erosion potential, a protective mantle of organic material should be left. At least the small residue material should be left on nutrient-deficient soils to add to the nutrient capital. Residue should be kept out of stream channels. In Oregon and Washington, broadcast burning of residues in heavy brush areas helps to control the brush and open up the area for planting. Mistletoe-infested seedlings should be classed as residue and destroyed as part of disease control programs. Special attention should be given to residue management in recreation and scenic areas. Large, continuous areas of logging slash should be avoided because of fire hazard. Smoke management plans should be followed. Treatments are needed when residue volume is too great, because the residue will interfere with seedling establishment and intensive management of the new stand.
Download or read book Environmental Effects of Forest Residues Management in the Pacific Northwest written by Owen P. Cramer and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest Residues Management Guidelines for the Pacific Northwest written by John M. Pierovich and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest residues often require treatment to meet land management objectives. Guideline statements for managing forest residues are presented to provide direction for achieving these objectives. The latest research information and the best knowledge of experts in various land management disciplines were used to formulate these statements. A unique keying system is provided for determining which guidelines apply to a particular management activity, for a given site in a given location, and within a given forest species association type.
Download or read book Environmental Effects of Forest Residues Management in the Pacific Northwest written by Owen P. Cramer and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Effects of Forest Residues Management in the Pacific Northwest written by Owen P. Cramer and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest land generally produces considerable woody material other than that which is harvested as timber, needed for recycling of nutrients to the soil, or for sheltering wildlife and young forest seedlings. Excess forest residues, both living and dead, are often subject to treatment to reduce fire hazard, to eliminate obstruction to use and protection of the forest, and to remove unsightly accumulations of residue remaining after logging, road construction, or land clearing, or from thinning and pruning. The effects of these residues and of their treatment are frequently important, generally unmeasured, and are only poorly known. In this compendium, 27 research scientists have summarized the present state of knowledge of the effects of forest residues and residue treatments on the components of the forest environment: soil, water, air, fire, scenery, plant and forest growth, animal habitat, insects, and disease. In addition, they have questioned some current practices and have identified areas for research attention where current knowledge is lacking.
Download or read book Forest Residues in Hemlock spruce Forests of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska written by Robert H. Ruth and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The forest manager must balance all the interacting and often conflicting factors influencing residue management and decide on the best course of action. He needs to determine optimum volume, size, and arrangement of residues to leave on an area after logging, then to select the harvesting methods and residue management alternatives that best provide these conditions. Cramer (1974) summarized environmental effects of forest residues management for major forest types in the Pacific Northwest, but types of treatment were not listed and only minor attention was given to hemlock-spruce forests. Residue management guidelines have been prepared for Oregon and Washington (Pierovich et al. 1975) but the hemlock-spruce type is not discussed as a separate entity. Alaska is not included in either report. This report provides a detailed look at residue management throughout the north Pacific coastal fog belt, including Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, and Alaska. The approach is a general look at forest residues as part of the ecosystem, then a closer look at dead and decaying material after logging, considering fire hazard and the silvicultural, physical, chemical, and esthetic effects of this material. Residue treatments are described, evaluated, and recommended. The report is intended to provide an improved scientific framework for management decisions. The coastal environment is more moist than other parts of the Pacific Northwest. Generally, fire danger is low and the need for residue treatment to reduce fire hazard is limited to special situations. Northward into Alaska, increasing summer precipitation relegates fire danger to a subordinate management problem. Hemlock-spruce residue volumes may range up to 250 tons per acre (560 metric tons per hectare) when an old-growth timber stand is defective and has a high proportion of western red cedar, but volumes may be less than 50 tons per acre (112 metric tons per ha) with more complete utilization of sound young timber. The trend is to less residue volume as defective timber is replaced by vigorous young stands and utilization improves. Residues often dominate the post-logging environment and are a major factor influencing forest regeneration. Fresh residue intercepts natural seed fall or aerially sown seed and prevents seedling establishment; but later, as it decays and with moisture present, it becomes a suitable seed bed for hemlock and spruce. Advance regeneration, usually hemlock, grows on decaying residue material and almost invariably is intermixed with fresh logging residue. Its fate is determined by residue treatment. When residue treatments expose mineral soil, they influence species composition favoring several species. These ecological relationships between forest residues and conifer seedlings can be used by forest managers to influence density and species composition of the new timber stand. A common problem in hemlock-spruce is too many seedlings. When advance regeneration is prolific, harvesting plans and residue treatments should be designed to destroy some of the seedlings. Overstocking with post-logging regeneration can be reduced if the logging operation is planned so that fresh slash covers an appropriate portion of suitable seed beds. In special situations, individual factors carry heavy weight in residue management decisions. For soils with high erosion potential, a protective mantle of organic material should be left. At least the small residue material should be left on nutrient-deficient soils to add to the nutrient capital. Residue should be kept out of stream channels. In Oregon and Washington, broadcast burning of residues in heavy brush areas helps to control the brush and open up the area for planting. Mistletoe-infested seedlings should be classed as residue and destroyed as part of disease control programs. Special attention should be given to residue management in recreation and scenic areas. Large, continuous areas of logging slash should be avoided because of fire hazard. Smoke management plans should be followed. Treatments are needed when residue volume is too great, because the residue will interfere with seedling establishment and intensive management of the new stand.
Download or read book USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Issues in Pacific Northwest Forest Management written by Committee on Environmental Issues in Pacific Northwest Forest Management and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-07-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People are demanding more of the goods, services, and amenities provided by the forests of the Pacific Northwest, but the finiteness of the supply has become clear. This issue involves complex questions of biology, economics, social values, community life, and federal intervention. Forests of the Pacific Northwest explains that economic and aesthetic benefits can be sustained through new approaches to management, proposes general goals for forest management, and discusses strategies for achieving them. Recommendations address restoration of damaged areas, management for multiple uses, dispute resolution, and federal authority. The volume explores the market role of Pacific Northwest wood products and looks at the implications if other regions should be expected to make up for reduced timber harvests. The book also reviews the health of the forested ecosystems of the region, evaluating the effects of past forest use patterns and management practices. It discusses the biological importance, social significance, and management of old-growth as well as late-succession forests. This volume will be of interest to public officials, policymakers, the forest products industry, environmental advocates, researchers, and concerned residents.
Download or read book The Forester s Almanac 1977 written by Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland, Or.) and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Draft Environmental Impact Statement for Standards and Guidelines written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitoring Guidelines to Evaluate Effects of Forestry Activities on Streams in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska written by Lee H. MacDonald and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Summary Final Environmental Impact Statement Land and Resource Management Plan written by United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fremont National Forest N F Lakeview Federal Sustained Yield Unit Timber Management Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fire Management Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest Harvest Residue Treatment Reforestation and Protection of Water Quality written by James M. Montgomery, Consulting Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art reference on the protection of water quality in planning and conducting forest harvest, residue treatment, and regeneration operations based largely on data collected in Region X which includes Alaska. Intended to be an aid for dealing with pollution from nonpoint sources.
