Download or read book Forecasting Gas and Oil Potential of Subsoil Plots via Co analysis of Satellite Geological Geophysical and Geochemical Information by Means of Subjective Logic written by MYKHAILO O. POPOV and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the paper is to substantiate a new approach to forecasting hydrocarbon potential of subsoil plots via co-analysis of satellite, geo-geophysical and geochemical information by means of subjective logic. Basic concepts of subjective logic are given, the method of forecasting the oil and gas potential of a subsoil plots is described. The method is tested by applying it to real area with hydrocarbon deposits.

Download or read book Progress in Landslide Research and Technology Volume 1 Issue 2 2022 written by Irasema Alcántara-Ayala and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-10 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an overview of the progress in landslide research and technology and is part of a book series of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL). It gives an overview of recent progress in landslide research and technology for practical applications and the benefit for the society contributing to understanding and reducing landslide disaster risk.

Download or read book Basin and Petroleum System Modeling and Global Sensitivity Analyses of Natural Gas Hydrates written by Laura Dafov and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (I) Topics are broadly defined then followed by chapter highlights: Gas hydrate is a solid, ice-like, form of natural gas that is found in the low temperature, high pressure conditions of shallow sediment in deep marine environments and in permafrost regions. This solid form of natural gas is extensively found offshore every continent on Earth and potentially has a greater amount of energy than all other forms of oil, gas, and coal combined. Therefore, it is of interest for industry, academia, and government sectors, particularly for nations that have limited domestic natural gas resources. Gas hydrates tie in with CO2 sequestration or storage, energy resources, the global carbon cycle, and geohazards. Basin and petroleum system modeling is a quantitative algorithmic approach that utilizes diverse datasets including, but not limited to, well logs, paleontology, stratigraphy, petrophysics, and seismic data to make deterministic, iterative, forward-modeling predictions. It integrates geology, geophysics, geochemistry, engineering, geostatistics, and rock physics to model the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of basins, as well as to model and predict the generation, migration, and accumulation of hydrocarbons in up to three dimensions through geologic time. Though widely used for the modeling of conventional oil and gas systems, basin and petroleum system modeling only recently has been used to study gas hydrate systems, with the first non-proprietary gas hydrate basin and petroleum system model published in 2015. Sensitivity analysis is the study of how variation of uncertain input parameters impacts the response of interest and has great potential application to basin and petroleum system modeling of gas hydrates. A couple of strengths of sensitivity analysis are that it helps determine which data are most important to acquire for reducing uncertainty and it can help simplify a complex problem by identifying less important input parameters. Local sensitivity analysis is a one-at-a-time sensitivity analysis technique that analyzes the effect of one parameter on a function at a time, keeping the other parameters fixed. It explores only a small fraction of the design space, especially when there are many parameters, and is a simple screening method that is widely used across disciplines. Furthermore, the local sensitivity analysis method does not evaluate parameter interactions for non-linear effects. On the other hand, global sensitivity analysis is a powerful tool that has never before been used for gas hydrate basin and petroleum system modeling despite it being effective at evaluating parameter interactions for non-linear effects. Global sensitivity analysis helps understand and simplify the complexity of problems and elucidates what model variables impact data, decisions, and forecasts. (II) Chapter 1 highlights: We built a detailed (more than 25 million cells) quantitative 3D basin and petroleum system model of Terrebonne Basin, Gulf of Mexico, for dynamic gas hydrate studies and to be used to support planning for scientific drilling. Original interpretations of the geology, using seismic imaging and well logs, are presented, including a proposed mechanism for the presence of giant gas mounds. Our model predicts present-day gas and gas hydrate volumes, saturations and distributions of accumulations, marine gas hydrate recycling (by which gas hydrate saturations at the base of the gas hydrate stability zone increase through time due to, for example, sediment burial), and the potential source of gas in the basin (specifically, thermogenic versus biogenic). The source of gas determines whether light or heavy gases likely exist, which have different economic implications, the latter being more valuable. Our model is calibrated to porosity and pressure data and our model-based gas hydrate saturation predictions align with what is observed in well log and seismic data vertically and laterally. We suggest that our 3D model has application to future studies that seek to understand gas hydrates as they relate to faults, fractures, lithologic variations, salt tectonics, erosion, pressures, changing water column conditions, temperature changes, and gas sources, as these Earth system features have all been incorporated into our model. (III) Chapter 2 highlights: By harnessing theoretical 2D basin and petroleum system models and real-world inspired models based on the well-studied salt diapir-associated gas hydrate sites at Green Canyon (Gulf of Mexico) and Blake Ridge (U.S. Atlantic coast), we demonstrate that salt structures provide a heat flow-driven mechanism for marine gas hydrate recycling that results in enhanced saturations. Our work also provides insight into the roles of basal heat flows, salt diapir diameters, and sediment thermal conductivities in controlling optimal gas hydrate accumulations in salt basins. Broadly speaking, we suggest that gas hydrate and associated gas accumulations above salt diapir crests represent attractive targets for hydrocarbon resource exploration and for scientific drilling expeditions aimed at characterizing these systems. It therefore follows that salt basins are compelling localities for studying our newly proposed mechanism of salt diapir heat flow-driven enhanced gas hydrate and gas accumulations. (IV) Chapter 3 highlights: We developed a widely-applicable, novel automated method that results in thousands of unique 2D basin and petroleum system models of gas hydrates and it applies global sensitivity analysis to them. To put this in perspective, only tens of basin and petroleum system models of gas hydrates have been published. Our work is the first time, at least in the public domain, that global sensitivity analysis has been coupled with basin and petroleum system modeling of gas hydrates. This tool improves the efficiency of basin and petroleum system modeling of gas hydrates by ~40 times, as well as eliminating sampling bias by randomly building models using the Monte Carlo approach. We believe our 2D basin and petroleum system model scenarios, as well as their associated organized databases of 10s of thousands of extracted input and output values, can be used as templates and guides for future basin and petroleum system modeling of gas hydrates and of other hydrocarbon systems. Our work provides insight into the relative importance of different geologic properties when assessing gas hydrate stability zone thicknesses, gas hydrate saturations, and gas saturations by utilizing quantitative and objective measures of sensitivity. Furthermore, this powerful tool reveals important geologic input interactions that cannot otherwise be observed using the traditionally used method of local sensitivity analysis. One of our many geologic takeaways or recommendations is that professionals who plan to explore for gas hydrate accumulations should consider shallow to midwater depths more so than deepwater, because our results show that those basin models are more conducive, geologically, for gas hydrate accumulations that have relatively high saturations. Our two distinct sets of models span a wide range of basin scenarios intended to represent: (1) the entire world and (2) the sites where gas hydrates have been found or inferred. We use these results to answer questions about how to improve global map predictions. Our work provides original plots illustrating the relationship between basal heat flow and the gas hydrate stability zone that could be useful in new ventures or other exploration of conventional petroleum systems where a gas hydrate stability zone is observed or inferred. Basal heat flow is among the least known values when gathering information about a basin. Our plots can be used as a guide to determine what the likely range of basal heat flows is acceptable for a basin, which can result in the difference between generation of oil or gas.

Download or read book Pedometrics written by Alex. B. McBratney and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the basic concepts of quantitative soil science and, within this framework, it seeks to construct a new body of knowledge. There is a growing need for quantitative approach in soil science, which arises from a general demand for improved economic production and environmental management. Pedometrics can be defined as the development and application of statistical and mathematical methods applicable to data analysis problems in soil science. This book shows how pedometrics can address key soil-related questions from a quantitative point of view. It addresses four main areas which are akin to the problems of conventional pedology: (i) Understanding the pattern of soil distribution in character space – soil classification, (ii) Understanding soil spatial and temporal variation, (iii) Evaluating the utility and quality of soil and ultimately, (iv) Understanding the genesis of soil. This is the first book that address these problems in a coherent quantitate approach.

Download or read book Suggestions to Authors of the Reports of the United States Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.

Download or read book Advances in the Research of Aquatic Environment written by Nicolaos Lambrakis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on management of a sustainable aquatic environment, covering climate change and water bodies; water quality and agriculture; interaction of surface and ground waters; Karst Hydrogeology; role of water in civil engineering projects and more.

Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Johannes Lehmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process. This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines.

Download or read book Proximal Soil Sensing written by Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-25 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on developments in Proximal Soil Sensing (PSS) and high resolution digital soil mapping. PSS has become a multidisciplinary area of study that aims to develop field-based techniques for collecting information on the soil from close by, or within, the soil. Amongst others, PSS involves the use of optical, geophysical, electrochemical, mathematical and statistical methods. This volume, suitable for undergraduate course material and postgraduate research, brings together ideas and examples from those developing and using proximal sensors and high resolution digital soil maps for applications such as precision agriculture, soil contamination, archaeology, peri-urban design and high land-value applications, where there is a particular need for high spatial resolution information. The book in particular covers soil sensor sampling, proximal soil sensor development and use, sensor calibrations, prediction methods for large data sets, applications of proximal soil sensing, and high-resolution digital soil mapping. Key themes: soil sensor sampling – soil sensor calibrations – spatial prediction methods – reflectance spectroscopy – electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity – radar and gamma radiometrics – multi-sensor platforms – high resolution digital soil mapping - applications Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel is a scientist at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) of Australia. Alex McBratney is Pro-Dean and Professor of Soil Science in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia. Budiman Minasny is a Senior Research Fellow in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia.

Download or read book Planetary Geology written by Claudio Vita-Finzi and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-20 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a dynamic treatment of planets of the Solar System from a unified perspective Planetary Geology deals with the origin of planetary bodies, the forces that fashion their surfaces, the rise and fall of icecaps and oceans, and the role of life in planetary history.

Download or read book Borehole Imaging written by Gail Williamson and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 1999 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alluvial Fans written by Adrian M. Harvey and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2005 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alluvial fans are important sedimentary environments. They trap sediment delivered from mountain source areas, and exert an important control on the delivery of sediment to downstream environments, to axial drainages and to sedimentary basins. They preserve a sensitive record of environmental change within the mountain source areas. Alluvial fan geomorphology and sedimentology reflect not only drainage basin size and geology, but change in response to tectonic, climatic and base-level controls. One of the challenges facing alluvial fan research is to resolve how these gross controls are reflected in alluvial fan dynamics and to apply the results of studies of modern fan processes and Quaternary fans to the understanding of sedimentary sequences in the rock record. This volume includes papers based on up-to-date research, and focuses on three themes: alluvial fan processes, dynamics of Quaternary alluvial fans and fan sedimentary sequences. Linking the papers is an emphasis on the controls of fan geomorphology, sedimentology and dynamics. This provides a basis for integration between geomorphological and sedimentological approaches, and an understanding how fluvial systems respond to tectonic, climatic and base-level changes.

Download or read book The Measurement of Scientific Technological and Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internationally recognised methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the OECD's Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians and science and innovation policy makers worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications ...

Download or read book Natural Gas Seepage written by Giuseppe Etiope and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-30 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers a modern, comprehensive, and holistic view of natural gas seepage, defined as the visible or invisible flow of gaseous hydrocarbons from subsurface sources to Earth’s surface. Beginning with definitions, classifications for onshore and offshore seepage, and fundamentals on gas migration mechanisms, the book reports the latest findings for the global distribution of gas seepage and describes detection methods. Seepage implications are discussed in relation to petroleum exploration, environmental impacts (hazards, pollution, atmospheric emissions, and past climate change), emerging scientific issues (abiotic gas and methane on Mars), and the role of seeps in ancient cultures. With an updated bibliography and an integrated analysis of available data, the book offers a new fundamental awareness - gas seepage is more widespread than previously thought and influences all of Earth’s external “spheres”, including the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere.

Download or read book GlobalSoilMap written by Dominique Arrouays and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-01-27 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GlobalSoilMap: Basis of the global spatial soil information system contains contributions that were presented at the 1st GlobalSoilMap conference, held 7-9 October 2013 in Orléans, France. These contributions demonstrate the latest developments in the GlobalSoilMap project and digital soil mapping technology for which the ultimate aim is to produce a high resolution digital spatial soil information system of selected soil properties and their uncertainties for the entire world. GlobalSoilMap: Basis of the global spatial soil information system aims to stimulate capacity building and new incentives to develop full GlobalSoilMap products in all parts of the world.

Download or read book Volcanoes written by John P. Lockwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanoes are essential elements in the delicate global balance of elemental forces that govern both the dynamic evolution of the Earth and the nature of Life itself. Without volcanic activity, life as we know it would not exist on our planet. Although beautiful to behold, volcanoes are also potentially destructive, and understanding their nature is critical to prevent major loss of life in the future. Richly illustrated with over 300 original color photographs and diagrams the book is written in an informal manner, with minimum use of jargon, and relies heavily on first-person, eye-witness accounts of eruptive activity at both "red" (effusive) and "grey" (explosive) volcanoes to illustrate the full spectrum of volcanic processes and their products. Decades of teaching in university classrooms and fieldwork on active volcanoes throughout the world have provided the authors with unique experiences that they have distilled into a highly readable textbook of lasting value. Questions for Thought, Study, and Discussion, Suggestions for Further Reading, and a comprehensive list of source references make this work a major resource for further study of volcanology. Volcanoes maintains three core foci: Global perspectives explain volcanoes in terms of their tectonic positions on Earth and their roles in earth history Environmental perspectives describe the essential role of volcanism in the moderation of terrestrial climate and atmosphere Humanitarian perspectives discuss the major influences of volcanoes on human societies. This latter is especially important as resource scarcities and environmental issues loom over our world, and as increasing numbers of people are threatened by volcanic hazards Readership Volcanologists, advanced undergraduate, and graduate students in earth science and related degree courses, and volcano enthusiasts worldwide. A companion website is also available for this title at www.wiley.com/go/lockwood/volcanoes

Download or read book Groundwater around the World written by Jean Margat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unique and up-to-date summary of what is known about groundwater on our planet, from a global perspective and in terms of area-specific factual information. Unlike most textbooks on groundwater, it does not deal with theoretical principles, but rather with the overall picture that emerges as a result of countless observations,