Download or read book Food Security Climate Change and the Zooarchaeology of Neo Inuit Sea mammal Hunting Norhtwest Foxe Basin Nunavut written by Sean Desjardins and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Food security has long been an issue of existential importance to Neo-Inuit (ca. AD 1200-present) of the Canadian Arctic and Greenland. Prior to regular trade with Europeans and Euro-Canadians, the entirety of the Neo-Inuit diet consisted of animal resources, especially sea-mammals. In this dissertation, I present the findings of archaeological research conducted at Pingiqqalik (NgHd-1), a large Neo-Inuit winter site consisting of 119 semisubterranean sod houses. Radiocarbon dates from the site's three house groups ("site areas") show each is associated with a discrete occupation; successive occupations likely experienced the gradual cooling--and associated increased sea-ice--of the Little Ice Age (LIA), a roughly 600-year period of volcanically-influenced lowered temperatures across the North Atlantic (and possibly other regions as well), beginning around AD 1300. Zooarchaeological analyses across the three site areas of Pingiqqalik show increasing reliance on walruses over time, but also a greater taxonomic evenness across all occupations than is seen in any other Neo-Inuit faunal assemblage in the Canadian Arctic. Additionally, oral-historical and ethnohistorical accounts indicate recent-historic Inuit at the site occupied sod winter houses long after this feature type had been abandoned by Inuit in many other parts of the Arctic. This information strongly indicates animal resources in northwest Foxe Basin remained stable throughout the LIA, and that the relative abundance of prey--particularly walruses, small seals and bearded seals--allowed area residents to store sea-mammal resources in gravel caches for use during harsh winter months. In turn, increased food security facilitated 1) larger populations, as indicated by the large number of house features at the site, and 2) reduced residential mobility, reflected in the winter-long occupation of area sod houses well into the 20th century. The descendants of these hunting populations--the Amitturmiut people of the modern communities Igloolik and Hall Beach--continue to regularly hunt walruses and cache walrus resources for winter consumption. As the effects of recent anthropogenic climate change may soon begin to be felt in the relatively sheltered Foxe Basin ecosystem, examining early responses to changing temperatures in the region may help inform future responses to changes in the resource base." --
Download or read book The Atlantic Walrus written by Xénia Keighley and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Atlantic Walrus: Multidisciplinary insights into human-animal interactions addresses the key dimensions of long-term human walrus interactions across the Atlantic Arctic and subarctic regions, over the past millennia. This book brings together research from across the social and natural sciences to explore walrus biology, human culture, environmental conditions and their reciprocal effects. Together, 13 chapters of this book reconstruct the early evolution of walruses, walrus biology, the cultural significance and ecological impact of prehistoric and indigenous hunting practices, as well as the effects of commercial hunting and international trade. This book also examines historic and ongoing management strategies and, the importance of new research methodologies in revealing hitherto unknown details of the past, and concludes by discussing the future for Atlantic walruses in the face of climate change and increased human activities in the Arctic. This volume is an ideal resource for those who are seeking to understand an iconic Arctic species and its long and complex relationship with humans. This includes individuals and researchers with a personal or professional connection to walruses or the Arctic, as well as marine biologists, zoologists, conservationists, paleontologists, archaeologists, anthropologists, historians, indigenous communities, natural resource managers and government agencies. - Provides succinct overviews of the biology of the Atlantic Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) as well as human cultures within the North Atlantic Arctic and the surrounding region by consolidating research which until now has been scattered across fields and academic publications - Editorial team of inter-disciplinary researchers ensuring the breadth, depth and integration of material covered throughout the volume - Thirteen chapters, each authored by leading international researchers and experts on the Atlantic Walrus - Considers the inter-relatedness and complexity of species biology, ecological change, human culture, and anthropogenic pressures onto the Atlantic Walrus, all while remaining accessible to readers from different disciplines or a more generalist audience - Draws upon the latest methods in marine mammal and archaeological research - Assesses historical management of the species, while also considering current and future conservation efforts in light of human activities and climate change - Text supported by striking and insightful new maps and scientific illustrations, ideal for teaching and outreach
Download or read book The Cost benefit Relations of Modern Inuit Hunting microform the Kapuivimiut of Foxe Basin N W T Canada written by Eric Loring and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1996 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Mammals and Northern Cultures written by Arne Kalland and published by Canadian Circumpolar Institute. This book was released on 2005 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book focuses upon the hunting of seals and whales in the North Atlantic region and how the activities of urban-based environmentalism in regions far to the south of the hunting communities has promoted responses from diverse northern hunting peoples associated with self-determination, human rights, and sustainable development. However, the relevance of an expanding environmentalism in the Western world goes beyond the issues of sealing and whaling, and challenges the interests and very survival of local peoples."--pub. desc.
Download or read book Inujjuamiunt Foraging Strategies written by Eric Alden Smith and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of the hunters of the settlement of Inukjuak (Inujjuaq) in Ungava, northern Quebec, evaluates the utility of models drawn from evolutionary ecology, including optimal foraging theory, in analyzing the subsistence economy of a contemporary (Inuit) hunting-gathering people, and places the Inujjuamiut society in a general anthropological context.
Download or read book Eating Beyond Ecology written by Lesley Ruth Howse and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores human-animal relationships within two very different societies, Late Dorset (500 CE to 1300 CE) and Thule Inuit (1200 CE to 1500 CE), who occupied common geographical areas throughout the eastern Arctic. While scholars interested in the behaviour of Northern hunter-gatherers have tended to focus on the primacy of environmental factors and changing environments, this dissertation aims to achieve a more nuanced understanding of the role of cultural factors in shaping human-animal interaction. I pursue this goal by focusing on distinct Late Dorset and Thule Inuit hunting technologies and practices, using zooarchaeological analyses to directly examine their impacts on subsistence strategies, including encounter rates, labour strategies, resource scheduling, and diet breadth. To address marked variability in resource availability between different areas in the eastern Arctic and allow for a cross-Arctic comparison, I consider three separate regions where Late Dorset and Thule Inuit occupied either the same site or sites that are located in close proximity. Although hunting strategies in each region were greatly influenced by regionally-specific environments, I argue that this research shows they are also culturally distinct. Results suggest that differences in Late Dorset and Thule Inuit hunting technologies impacted their archaeofaunas in various ways, they directly influenced each groups hunting strategies, and ultimately, helped shape the human-animal relationship in each society. In comparison to Thule Inuit, Late Dorset were constrained by their hunting technologies, having to rely more heavily upon specific types of terrain features and seasonal changes in the environment. Thule Inuit hunting technologies, by contrast, allowed for larger harvests of key resources, providing better provisioning and perhaps an increase in food security. These results serve to highlight the role of culture in prehistoric lifeways, even in â marginalâ environments.
Download or read book Proposed Regime to Govern Interactions Between Marine Mammals and Commercial Fishing Operations written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inuit Qaujimaningit Nanurnut written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tuktut tipingit ajjigijunniiqtangit manna written by Alain Cuerrier and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Climate change is expected to have a particular impact on the Arctic regions of the world. Melting permafrost, changing wildlife migration patterns, and new species of flora and fauna threaten to forever change the landscape of the North, as well as the lives of its people. In this book, Inuit elders and knowledge holders from eight Canadian Arctic communities--Kugluktuk, Baker Lake, Pangnirtung, and Pond Inlet in Nunavut; Umiujaq, Kangiqsujuaq, and Kagiqsualujjuaq in Nunavik; and Nain in Nunatsiavut--share their observations of climate change, including how it is affecting traditional ways of life. Paired with scientific analysis of the research findings, this book adds a valuable and unique insight to the academic literature on climate change."--
Download or read book Arctic Food Security written by Gérard Duhaime and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Food security in the Arctic is threatened on all fronts. Traditional food production and food economies have witnessed drastic change, brought about as a result of social, economic, and political influences. Nevertheless, subsistence production continues to be very important in the food economy and security of circumpolar communities, despite increased participation in the wage economy and a growing reliance on imported food products. The decreased consumption of country food and concomitant increase in imported and prepared food in the local diet has resulted in an increase in associated health risks. But neither are country foods without risk, as evidenced by studies on contamination of the food chain, and various impacts of climate and cultural change.
Download or read book When the Weather is Uggianaqtuq written by Shari Fox and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD-ROM: Inuit from two communities in the eastern Canadian Arctic (Baker Lake and Clyde River, Nunavut) share their perspectives on recent environmental changes. Elders in Baker Lake describe how water levels in lakes and rivers have dropped, significantly in the last five years, blocking access to hunting areas. In Clyde River, hunters map areas of thinning sea ice and unusual cracks that cause dangerous travel conditions.
Download or read book Central Inuit Household Economies written by Anne Stevens Henshaw and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Final Report of the Inuit Bowhead Knowledge Study Nunavut Canada written by Keith Hay and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Foragers of Point Hope written by Charles E. Hilton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the edge of the Arctic Ocean, above the Arctic Circle, the prehistoric settlements at Point Hope, Alaska, represent a truly remarkable accomplishment in human biological and cultural adaptations. Presenting a set of anthropological analyses on the human skeletal remains and cultural material from the Ipiutak and Tigara archaeological sites, The Foragers of Point Hope sheds new light on the excavations from 1939–41, which provided one of the largest sets of combined biological and cultural materials of northern latitude peoples in the world. A range of material items indicated successful human foraging strategies in this harsh Arctic environment. They also yielded enigmatic artifacts indicative of complex human cultural life filled with dense ritual and artistic expression. These remnants of past human activity contribute to a crucial understanding of past foraging lifeways and offer important insights into the human condition at the extreme edges of the globe.
Download or read book Arctic Archaeology written by Peter Rowley-Conwy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining human occupation of the arctic and subarctic zones, irrespective of place and time, this book explores a wide variety of fascinating areas and inhabitants along several points in history. Beautifully illustrated, Arctic Archaeology is essential reading for all those curious about how organisms survived in this life threatening environment.
Download or read book Long term Environmental Change in Arctic and Antarctic Lakes written by Reinhard Pienitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns about the effects of global climate change have focused attention on the vulnerability of circumpolar regions. This book offers a synthesis of the spectrum of techniques available for generating long-term environmental records from circumpolar lakes.
Download or read book The Arctic and World Order written by Kristina Spohr and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-01-26 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic, long described as the world’s last frontier, is quickly becoming our first frontier—the front line in a world of more diffuse power, sharper geopolitical competition, and deepening interdependencies between people and nature. A space of often-bitter cold, the Arctic is the fastest-warming place on earth. It is humanity’s canary in the coal mine—an early warning sign of the world’s climate crisis. The Arctic “regime” has pioneered many innovative means of governance among often-contentious state and non-state actors. Instead of being the “last white dot on the map,” the Arctic is where the contours of our rapidly evolving world may first be glimpsed. In this book, scholars and practitioners—from Anchorage to Moscow, from Nuuk to Hong Kong—explore the huge political, legal, social, economic, geostrategic and environmental challenges confronting the Arctic regime, and what this means for the future of world order.
