Download or read book Food and Agricultural Policy Reforms in the Former USSR written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The policies of the last seven decades in the former Soviet Union weakened production incentives, created highly centralized and increasingly inefficient production and distribution systems, and distorted retail food prices and consumption patterns. Since the mid-1960s, sustaining those price and consumption patterns has required larger and larger subsidies and has resulted in severe structural imbalances in the food and agricultural sector. This study was undertaken to review the state of the food and agricultural economy of the former Soviet Union, to advise on polices needed to prevent its total collapse, and to foster an early recovery during the transition. The study outlines a program to guide agriculture from central planning to reliance on market principles and develops an action plan for reforming the food and agricultural sector in the Russian Federation and other states to the former Soviet Union.
Download or read book Food and Agricultural Policy Reforms in the Former USSR written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Food and agricultural policy reforms in the former USSR an agenda for the transition written by Banco Mundial and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Food and Agricultural Policy Reforms in the Former U S S R written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Former Soviet Union written by United States. General Accounting Office. General Government Division and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Reform in Europe and the Former Soviet Union written by Rod Tyers and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prereform economicies. The transition in the postsocialist economies. Analyiss of food policy reforms. Implications for other development countries.
Download or read book Former Soviet Union written by Allan I. Mendelowitz and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-04 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides information on agricultural reform & the food situation in the successor states to the former Soviet Union. It also provides information on the amount of distribution of U.S. credit-guaranteed food imports purchased by the former Soviet Union & its successor states, & the impact of these food imports on the implementation of agricultural reforms. Charts & tables.
Download or read book Former Soviet Union written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO assessed the: (1) status of agricultural reforms in the newly independent states in the former Soviet Union; (2) relationship, if any, between U.S. credit-guaranteed food exports and agricultural reform; (3) amount of U.S. credit provided to the former Soviet Union, and whether food provided under the guarantees is distributed equitably among its republics; and (4) food situation in the newly independent states. GAO found that: (1) implementation of agricultural reforms has been slow, and some reforms have been partially rescinded; (2) guarantee-assisted food imports from the United States and other countries may hinder agricultural reform in the newly independent states by prolonging the existence of state-owned enterprises that process and distribute the food; (3) guarantee-assisted food imports may hinder agricultural production by keeping prices down for domestically-produced food; (4) some state officials believe that credit-assisted food imports benefit the economic reform process by preventing food shortages in their countries; (5) the United States does not place conditions on credit guarantees related to implementation of agricultural reforms, but some state and other officials believe that placing conditions on these credit guarantees is necessary to move the reform process forward while meeting food needs; (6) the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) made $3.75 billion in GSM-102 export credit guarantees available to the Soviet Union before it was dissolved; (7) the distribution of credit guarantee-assisted food imports among the former Soviet republics has been generally equitable; (8) USDA is not required to monitor the distribution of food imports under GSM-102 program guidelines; (9) food supplies were generally adequate during 1991 through 1992, but there were shortages for some items; and (10) food affordability became a serious concern for many citizens during 1992 and remains a problem in 1993.
Download or read book Agriculture and the State in Soviet and Post Soviet Russia written by Stephen Wegren and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 1999 Edward A. Hewett Book Prize from AAASS A comprehensive, original, and innovative analysis of the social, economic, and political factors affecting contemporary Russian reform, the book is organized around the central question of the role of the state and its effect on the course of Russian agrarian reform. In the wake of the collapse of the USSR, contemporary conventional wisdom holds the the Russian state is "weak." Stephen Wegren feels that the traditional approach to the weak/strong state suffers from measurement and circular logic problems, believing that the Russian state, thought weaker than in its Soviet past, is still relatively stronger than other actors. The state's strength allows it to intervene in the rural sector in ways that other power contender cannot.Specifically, as a measure of state intervention, Wegren analyzes how the state has influenced urban-rural relations, rural-rural relations, and the nonstate (private) agricultural sector. Several dilemmas arose that have complicated successful agrarian reform as a result of the nature of state interventions, how reform policies were defined, and the incentives rhar arose from state-sponsored policies. During contemporary Russian agrarian reform, urban-rural differences have widened, marked by a deterioration in rural standards of living and increased alienation of rural political groups from urban alliances. At the same time, within the rural sector, reform failed to reverse rural egalitarianism. In addition, the nature of state interventions has undermined attempts to create a vibrant, productive private rural sector based on private farming.Wegren's research is based upon extensive field work, interviews, archival documents, and published and unpublished source material conducted over a six-year period, and he demonstrates the link between agrarian reform and the success of overall reform in Russia. This learned and often controversial volume will interest political scientists, policy makers, and scholars and students of contemporary Russia.
Download or read book International Trade written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Food Revolution In The Soviet Union And Eastern Europe written by Robert Deutsch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first study in the Western world to compare the relationship between food and politics in the countries of Eastern Europe, this book views the current food revolution as part of the modernization process. Robert Deutsch argues that the communist leaders in the Comecon countries increasingly link political stability and preservation of power to the problem of satisfying consumer demand. He also assesses the various social forces that have brought about the food revolution. The most important is the expanded working class, which is no longer willing to defer consumer demands to a hypothetical communist future. The CMEA countries thus face the dilemma of either gradually liberalizing their economies in order to meet growing consumer demands or resorting to repression. Neither of these options promises a long-term solution for implementing economic policies prescribed by Marxist-Leninist doctrine. Robert Deutsch presents case studies of Hungary, Bulgaria, and the German Democratic Republic as examples of the "relative success" of economic reforms. To a greater or lesser extent, these countries have opted for economic decentralization by liberalizing private ownership and pricing policy and by integrating planning with market-oriented concepts. The author compares this with the economic problems of the Soviet Union, Poland, Romania, and Czechoslovakia. The study is enhanced by an exhaustive bibliography, arranged topically and drawn from the specialized literature in several languages.
Download or read book Agricultural Reforms in the Soviet Union and China written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Soviet Agro food System and Agricultural Trade written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Center. This book was released on 1991 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in co-operation with the Centre for Co-operation with European Economies in Transition
Download or read book Transformation of Agriculture in Central Eastern Europe and the Former USSR written by Csaba Csáki and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The former USSR could become self-sufficient in food, but in the medium term will probably remain a net agricultural importer - if it can persuade exporters to extend credit. But Central Eastern European agricultural exports are likely to expand. Central Eastern Europe could become a tougher, more aggressive player in agriculture, principally in the markets for more demanding food products - especially pork, poultry, and fruits and vegetables.
Download or read book Perestroika in the Countryside written by William Moskoff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of seven papers originally given at the 1989 meetings of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies. The authors come from the fields of economics, history, and political science and are all specialists in the field of Soviet and East European agriculture. The first essay, by David Macey, assesses Gorbachev's agricultural reform in light of the experience of the Stolypin reforms at the beginning of the century. The essays by Jim Butterfield and Ed Cook examine the impediments to successful reform from the perspective of a political scientist and an economist. Karen Brooks and Don Van Atta concentrate their attention on the efforts to introduce lease contracting into agriculture. D.Gale Johnson's essay examines the economic effects of trade liberalization in agriculture. The final paper, by Michael Marrese, suggests that there are lessons for the Soviet Union to be learned from the Hungarian experience, namely, that the changes in agriculture must be comprehensive and that the party can win over popular support if its agricultural policies succeed.
Download or read book Agricultural transition in Russia Central Asia and Eastern Europe Ten lessons for Venezuela written by Brooks, Karen and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty years have elapsed since the fall of communist governments in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. The collapse of political structures took with it regimes of highly administered management of agri-food systems. The shift from state management to markets has been generally known as the agricultural transition. The term is most frequently used in reference to the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, but key features of a move from dominant state intervention to greater reliance on markets characterized reforms in China after 1978, Vietnam in 1986 and thereafter, and many countries in Africa south of the Sahara during the years of structural adjustment in the 1990s. The policy reforms that constitute an agricultural transition are intrinsically difficult and made even more so when undertaken under conditions of crisis-induced chaos. Lessons from countries that have undergone the process might be of use, either as guidance or cautionary notes, to leaders and civil society groups in countries such as Venezuela that may be embarking on a transition or swept into one by circumstance. The paragraphs below attempt to summarize lessons from the early transition in Russia, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe in the 1990s.
Download or read book Agriculture and the Transition to the Market written by Karen McConnell Brooks and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
