Download or read book Focus on Mechanical Harvesting written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Focus on mechanical harvesting written by Agriculture Experiment Station. East Lansing, Michigan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Focus on Mechanical Harvesting written by Michigan State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of control concepts for improved driving dynamics of harvesting machines with large headers written by Benedikt Jung and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the driving dynamics of harvesting machines with large harvesting heads. It looks at how to efficiently use these machines. The author explores a common problem that hinders machine performance when harvesting with very large headers. He deals with concepts for reducing the undesired effects of vehicle dynamics when using these machines. With the steadily increasing capacity of harvesting machines, the working widths of the harvesting heads get wider and the headers get heavier. It has become essential with these giant headers to use header height sensors and header control systems to avoid the headers from being run into the ground when encountering elevation changes in the terrain. A fundamental limitation of the viable speed of header height adjustments arises from the combination of the wider and heavier headers with soft agricultural tires. The current solution to find an appropriate speed of header height adjustments is to perform a header calibration whenever a new header is attached to the machine and to endow the machine operator with the capability to tweak the speed of adjustments manually. The result of an inappropriate speed of height adjustments is a reduction in overall productivity and an under-utilization of the harvesting machine. The author looks at ways to prevent this. He offers detailed modeling of the vertical dynamics including dynamic wheel loads. In addition, the book contains results from simulations and machine tests.
Download or read book An Economic Analysis of Cling Peach Production with Emphasis on Harvest Mechanization written by Verner N. Grise and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancing Mechanical Fruit Harvesting Machines Based on Vibration Analysis written by Taymaz Homayouni and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, fruit removal using multi-directional canopy and trunk shakers are the most widely used technique for harvesting nut trees. To develop an intelligent harvesting machine, a system needs to be developed to shake each tree optimally. Optimum mechanical harvesting machines aim to maximize fruit removal with minimum tree and fruit damage, using the least amount of energy. Maximum fruit removal requires the tree to be shaken around its natural frequency; however, the best shaking frequency is not the same for all trees. The natural frequency of a tree is a function of its morphology, size, mass, branch configurations, wood properties, and density of leaves. The natural frequency could also change during harvest. For instance, when a tree is shaken and fruit drops, the natural frequency shifts due to changes in the mass. In this work, vibration transmission in trees is studied to enhance mechanical harvesting machines while minimizing damage to the tree. Trunk shakers and canopy shakers are the most common commercial mass harvesting machines, each comes with a limitation. Further, a trunk shaker has more energy loss from tree trunk to its canopy compared to a canopy shaker. The efficiency of the commercial harvesting machines is evaluated by quantifying the energy input to the trunk and the transferred kinetic energy throughout the tree canopy. A set of wireless accelerometer sensor systems was developed and used to measure acceleration at different parts of the tree and the shaker machines. A mathematical model of vibration and force transmission throughout a pistachio tree is developed under different shaking conditions using a trunk shaker. A new method was developed to find proper shaking intensity as a function of the tree trunk size. Two canopy shakers were designed, fabricated and tested in the field for harvesting table olive trees. One design included an adjustable head, and one included a large canopy shaker for larger mature trees. It was found that a combination of canopy and trunk shaker results in the highest harvesting efficiency in olive trees. Chapter one is mainly a review of literature of different types of mechanical harvesting methods. Chapters two and three are focused on mathematical modeling of variation and force throughout a pistachio tree while shaking using a trunk shaker. Chapters four and six presents two new canopy shakers specifically designed for table olive harvesting. The effectiveness of using two shaker machines at the same time is discussed and evaluated in Chapter five.
Download or read book Advances in Tea Agronomy written by M. K. V. Carr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book considers research findings that can inform the practice of managing tea crops.
Download or read book Quantitative Comparison of Mechanical Harvesting Methods and Conventional Harvesting Methods for Burley Tobacco in the Southeast written by Robert Bailey Elliott and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to examine burley tobacco growers decision making processes as they pertain to labor usage during the harvest of their crop and adoption rates of mechanical harvesting technology in order to create a laudable document that could be used by those who disseminate knowledge in agricultural communities. This study sought to compare current conventional harvesting methods to mechanical harvesting methods to determine efficiency and affordability of each of the two methods for the tobacco grower. This study incorporated both survey data and focus group data in order to develop the findings herein. Survey data were used to examine burley tobacco growing regions in order to effectively site focus groups and to collect descriptive statistics on burley tobacco growers. Focus groups were conducted in Kentucky and Tennessee, the two major burley tobacco producing states in the southeast. There were 41 growers who participated in the focus groups with burley acreages ranging from 9 - 350 acres and years experience of tobacco production ranging from 3 - 60 years. The study revealed overall that growers were very satisfied with their conventional labor practices. The growers were reluctant to invest in mechanical harvesting technology due to uncertainty about the future of the burley tobacco market, inefficiency of the machines, cost of the harvesters and the availability of migrant labor. Survey data that were collected directly correlate with focus group findings, and recommendations for further study are provided in this thesis.
Download or read book Study of Canopy Machine Interaction in Mass Mechanical Harvest of Fresh Market Apples written by Xin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fresh-market apple is one of the high-value agricultural produces in the United States and Washington. These apples are harvested manually worldwide, which requires a large seasonal workforce. Due to uncertain availability and rising cost of labor, the need for mechanical harvesting technologies has become critically important. Shake-and-catch harvesting technology has been studied to address this issue. Major challenges for mechanically harvesting fresh-market fruit include insufficient fruit removal, high fruit damage, and low labor productivity. As a way to address these challenges, this study focused on understanding canopy responses to the harvesting system through employing a supervised machine learning algorithm. Specifically, it aimed at identifying the most relevant canopy parameters influencing the fruit removal during mechanical harvesting. Based on the analysis of apples 'harvested' mechanically and those that remained on the trees after harvesting operation, fruit load, branch diameter, and shoot length/diameter were found to be the canopy parameters highly relevant to the success of mechanical harvesting techniques. Field tests, therefore, revealed that the pruning strategies have a remarkable influence on fruit removal efficiency. It was found that, to maintain a minimum removal efficiency of 85%, the shoot length should be less than 15 cm or S-index (the ratio of shoot diameter to length) should be >0.03.This study also included a comprehensive evaluation for comparing different harvesting systems based on multi-year/cultivar field trials. The results showed that the semi-automated system was more effective (fruit removal efficiency of 90%) compared to the hand-held (87%) and the manually operated hydraulic systems (84%). To further advance the automated machine operation, a machine vision (deep learning-based) system was developed for detecting and localizing tree trunks and branches, which achieved an intersection over union (the ratio of overlapping to total area) of 0.69 in trunk/branch detection. Polynomial curves were then employed for fitting the branches/trunks through the detected segments, which was used in estimating shaking locations on those branches. This research served as a basis for optimizing and advancing shake-and-catch harvesting technologies on fresh-market apple harvesting, which is expected to make a huge, positive impact on the long-term economic sustainability of apple industry.
Download or read book Canadian Labor in the Maine Woods 1977 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Human Resources. Subcommittee on Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Harvesting Technologies written by Shashank Priya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-28 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Harvesting Technologies provides a cohesive overview of the fundamentals and current developments in the field of energy harvesting. In a well-organized structure, this volume discusses basic principles for the design and fabrication of bulk and MEMS based vibration energy systems, theory and design rules required for fabrication of efficient electronics, in addition to recent findings in thermoelectric energy harvesting systems. Combining leading research from both academia and industry onto a single platform, Energy Harvesting Technologies serves as an important reference for researchers and engineers involved with power sources, sensor networks and smart materials.
Download or read book Impacts of Forest Harvesting on Long Term Site Productivity written by W.J. Dyck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Energy Agency Bioenergy Agreement was initiated as the Forestry Energy Agreement in 1978. It was expanded in 1986 to form the Bioenergy Agreement. Since that time the Agreement has thrived with some fifteen countries (Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States and the CEC) currently being signatories. The objective of the Agreement is to establish increased programme and project cooperation between the participants in the field of bioenergy. The environmental consequences of intensive forest harvesting have been the subject of intense interest for the Agreement from its initiation. This interest was formulated as a Cooperative Project under the Forestry Energy Agreement in 1984. It developed further under each of the subsequent three-year Tasks of the Bioenergy Agreement (Task III, Activity 3 "Nutritional consequences of intensive forest harvesting on site productivity", Task VI, Activity 6 "Environmental impacts of harvesting" and more recently Task IX, Activity 4 "Environmental impacts of intensive harvesting". The work has been supported by five main countries from within the Bioenergy Agreement: Canada, New Zealand, Sweden, UK, and USA. The continued work has resulted in a significant network of scientists work ing together towards a common objective - that of generating a better under standing of the processes involved in nutrient cycling and the development of management regimes which will maintain or enhance long term site productivity.
Download or read book The U S Produce Industry and Labor written by Linda Calvin and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fruit and vegetable production is a labor-intensive process, and over half of the hired workers employed by growers are believed to be unauthorized immigrants. Reforms to immigration laws, if they reduce the labor supply, may increase the cost of farm labor. The authors of this report assess how particular fruit and vegetable commodities might adjust if labor rates increased. Analysis of case studies suggests a range of possible adjustment scenarios, including increased mechanization for some crops, reduced U.S. output for a few crops, and increased use of labor aids to improve labor productivity for others. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find report.
Download or read book Advances in Energy Harvesting Methods written by Niell Elvin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-15 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Energy Harvesting Methods presents a state-of-the-art understanding of diverse aspects of energy harvesting with a focus on: broadband energy conversion, new concepts in electronic circuits, and novel materials. This book covers recent advances in energy harvesting using different transduction mechanisms; these include methods of performance enhancement using nonlinear effects, non-harmonic forms of excitation and non-resonant energy harvesting, fluidic energy harvesting, and advances in both low-power electronics as well as material science. The contributors include a brief literature review of prior research with each chapter for further reference.
Download or read book Proceedings Peach Mechanical Harvesting Workshop October 25 26 1972 Russell Research Center Athens Georgia written by Gerald G. Dull and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bridge Maintenance Safety Management Resilience and Sustainability written by Fabio Biondini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-21 with total page 4119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability contains the lectures and papers presented at The Sixth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2012), held in Stresa, Lake Maggiore, Italy, 8-12 July, 2012. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts (800 pp) Extensive collection of revised expert papers on recent advances in bridge maintenance, safety, management and life-cycle performance, representing a major contribution to the knowledge base of all areas of the field.
Download or read book Mechanical Harvest of Fresh Market Apples written by Zhao Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the progress, changes, and evolvement for apple mechanical harvest during the past decades, which include, but not limited to, bulky harvest method, harvest platform, apple infield sorting, and harvest robotics. Though there are significant progresses in apple harvest robotics, there still is a long way ahead before its practical applications, with existing and potential bottlenecks described in this book. Hence, other researchers would take advantage of this book to have a hint of the apple mechanical harvest history and state-of-the-art progress, so that they can find the room for their new research. This book targets senior undergraduates and more importantly graduate students in the field of agricultural engineering, sensing, automatic, and robotics.
