Download or read book Fluorine Metabolism Transport and Enzymatic Chemistry written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-05 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorine Metabolism, Transport and Enzymatic Chemistry, Volume 696 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting topics on Fluorine Metabolism, Transport, and Enzymatic Chemistry. Chapters in this new release include Determination of fluoride sensitivity and resistance in oral biofilm models, NMR methods to detect fluoride binding and transport by membrane proteins, Biotransformation of fluorinated drugs and xenobiotics by the model fungus Cunninghamella elegans, Measurement of fluoride efflux from lipid vesicles and cells, Defluorination of PFAS by Acidimicrobium sp. A6 and Potential Applications for Remediation, and more. Additional chapters cover Computational approaches to investigate F- binding, selectivity and transport in F- exporters, Defluorination as a key trait to gauge the biodegradability of fluorinated pollutants: challenges and opportunities, Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology of Fluoride Channels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Synthesis of fluorophenylalanine-encoded proteins in HEK cells.
Download or read book Fluorine Metabolism Transport and Enzymatic Chemistry written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-04-23 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorine Metabolism, Transport and Enzymatic Chemistry, Volume 696 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting topics on Fluorine Metabolism, Transport, and Enzymatic Chemistry. Chapters in this new release include Determination of fluoride sensitivity and resistance in oral biofilm models, NMR methods to detect fluoride binding and transport by membrane proteins, Biotransformation of fluorinated drugs and xenobiotics by the model fungus Cunninghamella elegans, Measurement of fluoride efflux from lipid vesicles and cells, Defluorination of PFAS by Acidimicrobium sp. A6 and Potential Applications for Remediation, and more. Additional chapters cover Computational approaches to investigate F- binding, selectivity and transport in F- exporters, Defluorination as a key trait to gauge the biodegradability of fluorinated pollutants: challenges and opportunities, Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology of Fluoride Channels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Synthesis of fluorophenylalanine-encoded proteins in HEK cells. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in Methods in Enzymology series Updated release includes the latest information on Fluorine Metabolism, Transport, and Enzymatic Chemistry
Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Download or read book Fluorine containing Amino Acids written by Valery P. Kukhar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995-04-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, organo-fluorine chemistry has made a marked impact on the design and synthesis of a large variety of biologically active molecules, such as steroids, carbohydrates, amines, amino acids, peptides and other natural products. Naturally occurring amino acids play a pivotal role in living systems, and therefore synthetic fluorine-containing amino acids have been of significant interest to researchers working towards the understanding and modification of physiological processes. Fluorine-containing Amino Acids: is the first volume devoted to the synthesis and properties of fluorine-containing amino acids pays special attention to the preparation of enantiomerically pure acids (which are essential to the modern pharmaceutical industry) deals with a rapidly expanding field of research has been written by experienced researchers who are responsible for many developments in the field highlights the interdisciplinary nature of this topic Fluorine-containing Amino Acids is the only dedicated reference in this subject and will be essential for researchers in synthetic organic, peptide, natural product, and medicinal chemistry and biochemistry.
Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Vitamin D and Fluoride written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-17 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approachâ€"the result: Dietary Reference Intakes. This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease. The first volume of Dietary Reference Intakes includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The second book in the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age groupâ€"from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses: Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group. Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people. This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.
Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Download or read book Fluorine written by Professor Victor Preedy and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-04-29 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorine is best known for its role in the prevention of cavities and in improving oral and bone health however equally there are millions of people around the world suffering from dental fluorosis due to chronic exposure to high levels of fluoride in drinking water. This volume, written by leading researchers in this area, examines the positives and negatives of fluorine and its effects on humans for example fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the liver, effects of fluoride on insulin and preventing fluoride toxicity. Extremely useful for underpinning cross-disciplinary fluorine research, this book provides a fascinating insight for those with an interest in the health and nutritional sciences.
Download or read book Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Ulrich Flogel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has garnered significant scientific interest in the biomedical research community owing to the unique properties of fluorinated materials and the 19F nucleus. Fluorine has an intrinsically sensitive nucleus for MRI. There is negligible endogenous 19F in the body and thus there is no background signal. Fluorine-containing compounds are ideal tracer labels for a wide variety of MRI applications. Moreover, the chemical shift and nuclear relaxation rate can be made responsive to physiology via creative molecular design. This book is an interdisciplinary compendium that details cutting-edge science and medical research in the emerging field of 19F MRI. Edited by Ulrich Flögel and Eric Ahrens, two prominent MRI researchers, this book will appeal to investigators involved in MRI, biomedicine, immunology, pharmacology, probe chemistry, and imaging physics.
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fluoride in Drinking Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people associate fluoride with the practice of intentionally adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies for the prevention of tooth decay. However, fluoride can also enter public water systems from natural sources, including runoff from the weathering of fluoride-containing rocks and soils and leaching from soil into groundwater. Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. Fluoride is one of the drinking water contaminants regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because it can occur at these toxic levels. In 1986, the EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter, a guideline designed to prevent the public from being exposed to harmful levels of fluoride. Fluoride in Drinking Water reviews research on various health effects from exposure to fluoride, including studies conducted in the last 10 years.
Download or read book Diabetes Literature Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organofluorine Chemistry written by Kalman J. Szabo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By presenting novel methods for the efficient preparation of fluorinated compounds and their application in pharmaceutical and agrochemical chemistry as well as medicine, this is a valuable source of information for all researchers in academia and industry!
Download or read book Fluorine in Organic Chemistry written by Richard D. Chambers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of carbon-fluorine bonds into organic compounds can profoundly influence their chemical and physical properties when compared to their non-fluorine-containing analogues, leading to a range of man-made materials with highly desirable properties. These molecules are of interest across the wide spectrum of industrial and academic organic chemistry, from pharmaceuticals, through fine and specialty chemicals to polymers. From Prozac to Teflon, many of the most important products of the chemical and life-science industries rely on organic fluorine chemistry for their useful properties. This book covers both the preparative methodologies and chemical properties of partially and highly fluorinated organic systems.
Download or read book Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fluorine and Health written by Alain Tressaud and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-06-06 with total page 821 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorine and Health presents a critical multidisciplinary overview on the contribution of fluorinated compounds to resolve the important global issue of medicinal monitoring and health care. The involved subjects are organized in three thematic parts devoted to Molecular Imaging, Biomedical Materials and Pharmaceuticals. Initially the key-position of partially fluorinated low molecular weight compounds labelled either with the natural 19F-isotope for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or labelled with the radioactive [18F]-isotope for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is highlighted. Both non-invasive methods belong to the most challenging in vivo imaging techniques in oncology, neurology and in cardiology for the diagnosis of diseases having the highest mortality in the industrialized countries. The manifold facets of fluorinated biomaterials range from inorganic ceramics to perfluorinated organic molecules. Liquid perfluorocarbons are suitable for oxygen transport and as potential respiratory gas carriers, while fluorinated polymers are connected to the pathology of blood vessels. Another important issue concerns the application of highly fluorinated liquids in ophthalmology. Moreover, fluorine is an essential trace element in bone mineral, dentine and tooth enamel and is applied for the prophylaxis and treatment of dental caries. The various origins of human exposure to fluoride species is detailed to promote a better understanding of the effect of fluoride species on living organisms.Medicinally relevant fluorinated molecules and their interactions with native proteins are the main focus of the third part. New molecules fluorinated in strategic position are crucial for the development of pharmaceuticals with desired action and optimal pharmacological profile. Among the hundreds of marketed active drug components there are more than 150 fluorinated compounds. The chapters will illustrate how the presence of fluorine atoms alters properties of bioactive compounds at various biochemical steps, and possibly facilitate its emergence as pharmaceuticals. Finally the synthetic potential of a fluorinase, the first C-F bond forming enzyme, is summarized. New approach of topics involving chemistry, biology and medicinal techniques Transdisciplinar papers on fluoride products Importance of fluoride products in health Updated data on specific topics
Download or read book Fluorinated Carbohydrates written by N. F. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fluorine in Heterocyclic Chemistry Volume 2 written by Valentine Nenajdenko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume work combines comprehensive information on the chemistry of the fluorinated heterocycles. The material has been divided such that the first volume is dedicated to 5-membered fluorinated heterocycles and macrocycles, while the second volume combines data connected with the chemistry of fluorine containing 6-membered heterocycles. Both volumes will be of interest to synthetic organic chemists in general, and particularly for those colleagues working in the fields of heterocyclic-compound chemistry, materials chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and fluorine chemistry. All information is presented and classified clearly to be effective source for broad auditory of chemists. It will be interesting for scientists working in the field of inorganic and coordination chemistry. Fluorinated heterocycles are becoming increasingly important in many areas including the pharmaceutical industry, materials science and agriculture. The presence of fluorine can result in substantial functional changes in the biological as well as physicochemical properties of organic compounds. Incorporation of fluorine into drug molecules can greatly affect their physicochemical properties, such as bond strength, lipophilicity, bioavailability, conformation, electrostatic potential, dipole moment, pKa etc. as well as pharmacokinetic properties, such as tissue distribution, rate of metabolism and pharmacological properties, such as pharmacodynamics and toxicology.
