Download or read book Fluorescence Studies of Polymer Containing Systems written by Karel Procházka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the application of fluorescence spectroscopy in polymer research. The first chapters outline the basic principles of the conformational and dynamic behavior of polymers and review the problems of polymer self-assembly. Subsequent chapters introduce the theoretical principles of advanced fluorescence methods and typical examples of their application in polymer science. The book closes with several reviews of various fluorescence applications for studying specific aspects of polymer-solution behavior. It is a useful resource for polymer scientists and experts in fluorescence spectroscopy alike, facilitating their communication and cooperation.

Download or read book Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Polymers in Solution written by John M. Torkelson and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multidimensional Spectroscopy of Polymers written by Marek W. Urban and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1995-08-31 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on advances in three areas of multidimensional spectroscopy: NMR, vibrational, and fluorescence. Discusses important areas in polymer analysis, including diffusion, free volume, adhesion, absorption, polymer interactions, and miscibility. Includes introductory chapters as well as chapters covering both theory and application. Valuable material for researchers in polymer science and in analytical laboratories specializing in NMR, FT-IR and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Download or read book Polymer Characterization Interdisciplinary Approaches written by Clara D. Craver and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical and spectroscopic methods have been used jointly for characterization of polymers for at least four decades. Yet, new techniques permit increasingly refined determination of polymer chemistry and morphol ogy_ The correlation of this knowledge with physical properties of polymers is helpful to planned synthesis of new products. The most prominent spectroscopic techniques through the forties and fifties were infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance and MOssbauer spectroscopy started making sig nificant contributions to polymer chemistry in the early sixties. Still more recently fluorescence spectroscopy and laser Raman spectroscopy have become readily appli cable to polymers and are contributing significantly to the understanding of the relationship between polymer structure and properties. Determination of the distribution of monomer se quences by molecular size has become possible through combined gel permeation chromatography and spectroscopic analysis. Fragments of polymers from chemical break down or from pyrolysis are further fractionated and structurally analyzed. The relationship between the chemistry of polymers and performance can be determined from changes in chemical structure and orientation after curing, degradation, or physical or thermal manipulation of the polymers.

Download or read book Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science written by Mitchell A. Winnik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1980 the New York Academy of Sciences sponsored a three-day conference on luminescence in biological and synthetic macromolecules. After that meeting, Professor Frans DeSchryver and I began to discuss the possibility of organizing a different kind of meeting, with time for both informal and in-depth discussions, to examine certain aspects of the application of fluorescence and phosphorescence spectroscopy to polymers. Our ideas developed through discussions with many others, particularly Professor Lucien Monnerie. By 1983, when we submitted our proposal to NATO for an Advanced Study Institute, the area had grown enormous ly. It is interesting in retrospect to look back on the points which emerged from these discussions as the basis around which the scientific program would be organized and the speakers chosen. We decided early on to focus on applications of these methods to provide information about polymer molecules and polymer systems: The topics would all relate to the conformation and dynamics of macromolecules, or to the morphology of polymer-containing systems. Another important decision was to expand the scope of the ASI to include certain photochemical techniques, parti cular ly laser flash pho to lys is. These appl icat ions were at the time quite new, but full of promise as important sources of information about polymers.

Download or read book Experimental Methods in Polymer Science written by Toyoichi Tanaka and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful characterization of polymer systems is one of the most important objectives of today's experimental research of polymers. Considering the tremendous scientific, technological, and economic importance of polymeric materials, not only for today's applications but for the industry of the 21st century, it is impossible to overestimate the usefulness of experimental techniques in this field. Since the chemical, pharmaceutical, medical, and agricultural industries, as well as many others, depend on this progress to an enormous degree, it is critical to be as efficient, precise, and cost-effective in our empirical understanding of the performance of polymer systems as possible. This presupposes our proficiency with, and understanding of, the most widely used experimental methods and techniques.This book is designed to fulfill the requirements of scientists and engineers who wish to be able to carry out experimental research in polymers using modern methods. Each chapter describes the principle of the respective method, as well as the detailed procedures of experiments with examples of actual applications. Thus, readers will be able to apply the concepts as described in the book to their own experiments. Addresses the most important practical techniques for experimental research in the growing field of polymer science The first well-documented presentation of the experimental methods in one consolidated source Covers principles, practical techniques, and actual examples Can be used as a handbook or lab manual for both students and researchers Presents ideas and methods from an international perspective Techniques addressed in this volume include: Light Scattering Neutron Scattering and X-Ray Scattering Fluorescence Spectroscopy NMR on Polymers Rheology Gel Experiments

Download or read book Photophysics of Polymers written by Charles E. Hoyle and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides scientists engaged in basic and applied polymer research with a clear understanding of the current status of polymer photophysics. Offers topics ranging from luminescence decay analysis of biologically important polymers to investigation of electronic energy relaxation in the synthesis of aromatic vinyl polymers using picosecond fluorescence spectroscopy. Provides discussions on energy migration in polymer films and solutions, as well as fluorescent conformational probes of polymers in solution, dye labeling techniques, kinetic spectroscopy, excitation migration, triplet antenna effect, and more.

Download or read book Structure Property Relations in Polymers written by Marek W. Urban and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1993-08-18 with total page 990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores relationships between spectroscopic findings and physical properties of polymers. Thirty-five chapters are divided into six sections covering fundamental concepts in FT-IR, FT-Raman, fluorescence spectroscopy and FT-Mass Spectrometry of polymers; crystalline polymers and copolymers; surfaces and interfaces of polymers; spectroscopic approaches to polymers in solutions and polymer networks; spectroscopy combined with thermally induced processes in polymers; and polymer analysis and surface modifications using non-conventional energy sources. Includes tutorial chapters designed to assist newcomers to the field.

Download or read book Fluorescence of Supermolecules Polymers and Nanosystems written by Mario N. Berberan-Santos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-04 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This, the fourth volume in the Springer series on fluorescence, focuses on the fluorescence of nanosystems, polymers and supermolecules, as well as the development and application of fluorescent probes. Aimed at researchers in organic and physical chemistry and in material sciences, emphasis is placed on the fluorescence of artificial and biological nanosystems; single molecule fluorescence and the luminescence of polymers; and micro- and nanoparticles and nanotubes.

Download or read book Spectroscopy of Polymer Nanocomposites written by Sabu Thomas and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2016-02-16 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopy of Polymer Nanocomposites covers all aspects of the spectroscopic characterization of polymer nanocomposites. More than 25 spectroscopy characterization techniques – almost all used in materials science – are treated in the book, with discussion of their potentialities and limitations. By comparing the techniques with each other and presenting the techniques together with their specific application areas, the book provides scientists and engineers the information needed for solving specific problems and choosing the right technique for analyzing the material structure. From this, the dispersion structure of fillers, property relations and filler-polymer interactions can be determined, and, ultimately, the right materials can be chosen for the right applications. Besides the techniques and structure-property relations, aspects covered include: phase segregation of filler particles, filler agglomeration and deagglomeration, filler dispersion, filler-polymer interactions, surfaces and interfaces. The book also examines recent developments, as well as unresolved issues and new challenges, in the characterization of surfaces and interfaces in polymer nanocomposites. This handpicked selection of topics, and the combined expertise of contributors from industry, academia, government and private research organizations across the globe, make this survey an outstanding reference source for anyone involved in the field of polymer nanocomposites in academia or industry. Provides comprehensive coverage of spectroscopy techniques for analyzing polymer nanocomposites Enables researchers and engineers to choose the right technique and make better materials decisions in research and a range of industries Presents the fundamentals, information on structure-property relations, and all other aspects relevant for understanding spectroscopic analyses of nanoreinforced polymers and their applications

Download or read book Polymer Solutions Blends and Interfaces written by I. Noda and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The behaviour of polymers in multi-component and multiphase systems such as solutions, blends and interfaces derived from both natural and synthetic sources and the subsequent influence of this on their physical properties is the theme of this book. Important new material on multiphase polymer systems such as block copolymers and liquid crystalline polymers is provided, and the solution and surface properties of enzymes and surface active polymers is described both theoretically and experimentally. The application of theory to the development of new cellulosic materials is particularly noteworthy. The relationship between end-use properties, such as adhesion, wetting, and colloidal stability, and molecular structure at the interface is addressed. Examples include the capillary pressure of nylon microporous membranes, a new technique for characterizing the adhesion between incompatible polymers, and the influence of the glass transition temperature at the fiber/matrix interface on interfacial shear strength. Characterization of polymer films, both electrochemically and via optical techniques is covered and the interactions of amphiphilic ions with polyacrylate polymer are described. The final two chapters introduce the topic of enzyme mobility at an interface and show how this may affect their role as biological catalysts.

Download or read book Fluorescent polymers for sensing and imaging written by Seiichi Uchiyama and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, all scientists recognize that fluorescent probes play important roles in wide research areas, from chemistry to biology. By combining this fact with specific functional benefits from synthetic polymers, fluorescent polymeric probes are occasionally superior to small organic and inorganic fluorescent (or luminescent) probes in terms of sensitivity, robustness, and multiple functionality. The targets of fluorescent polymeric probes have extended from chemical species to physical parameter. This special issue is a platform for researches to develop a novel fluorescent polymeric probe and to establish a new analytical method using a conventional fluorescent polymeric probe. Related researches, e.g., fluorometric investigation of functional polymers, are also included.

Download or read book Characterization of the Behaviour of Solution responsive Polymers by Fluorescence written by Michael Andrew Theodore Fowler and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two families of amphiphilic polymers were characterized with respect to their ability to respond to changing solution conditions using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence. Firstly, a series of 5 sequential amphiphilic polypeptides consisting of hydrophilic and ionizable aspartic acid (Asp) and hydrophobic phenylalanine (Phe) in varying sequence (AspxPhey)n were studied. The effect of pH on the collapse and aggregation behaviour of the samples was investigated using light scattering which determined that the samples became insoluble when the fraction of ionized amino acids decreased below 0.2. Pyrene fluorescence measurments demonstrated that hydrophobic aggregate formation was the cause of this behaviour. The fluorescence and light scattering experiments yielded a detailed description of how pH affects the collapse and aggregation behaviour of amphiphilic polypeptides. Secondly, a series of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) chains in aqueous solution, varying in length and end-labelled with pyrene (Py2-PNIPAM), were studied with respect to their temperature dependent solubility using turbidimetry, light scattering, and fluorescence. The cloud point temperature (Tc) of the Py2-PNIPAM samples was found to increase with increasing chain length. Steady-state fluorescence spectra yielded the ratio of excimer intensity to that of monomer intensity, or (IE/IM)SS, which reached a maximum at Tc. Time-resolved fluorescence decays were analyzed using Model-Free Analysis (MFA). The MFA yielded the average rate constant of excimer formation k, and the parameters fagg, fdiff and ffree, which reflect the molar fractions of pyrenes that form excimer from pre-formed aggregates, form excimer by diffusion, and do not form excimer, respectively. Increasing the temperature above Tc caused a strong decrease in k and ffree, and a sharp rise in fdiff, which is consistent with the formation of mesoglobules. Increasing the temperature above the dehydration temperature of unlabelled PNIPAM (Tm = 34 oC) caused the distribution of pyrene to stabilize. The third study focused on aqueous mixtures of Py2-PNIPAM and unlabelled PNIPAM, and their ability to mix when the temperature was raised above Tm. Using turbidimetry, separate transitions for Py2-PNIPAM and unlabelled PNIPAM were identified. Steady-state fluorescence of the labelled chains demonstrated separate (IE/IM)SS transitions for the labelled and unlabelled chains as well. The MFA of the time-resolved fluorescence decays yielded no transition in k at Tm, while fagg, fdiff and ffree showed transitions consistent with unlabelled PNIPAM entering the Py2-PNIPAM mesoglobules. This led to the conclusion that the two polymers are able to mix at and above Tm, and that the mesoglobules are not frozen and vitreous. Fourthly, a variety of pyrene-labelled polymers in organic solution were studied using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, where the results of Birks' Scheme and the Fluorescence Blob Model (FBM) were compared to the results of the MFA. The MFA was found to be able to faithfully reproduce the results of the other, more established, models. In addition, the MFA allowed the calculation of (IE/IM)SPC, the ratio of excimer to monomer intensity as determined by time-resolved fluorescence, which scaled linearly with both (IE/IM)SS and k. From this it was concluded that the MFA is able to fit the decays of pyrene-labelled polymers with any architecture studied thus far, but also provides an absolute measure of IE/IM which can be reproduced in any lab.

Download or read book Fluorescence Spectroscopy written by Otto S. Wolfbeis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Provides analytical chemists and biomedical scientists with an excellent summary of progress...This is a book that can be recommended to all analytical scientists interested in fluorimetry." (Analytical Chimica Acta) "This is a useful overview and gives the nonspecialist a feeling for the advantages and limitations of the methods. Overall this book is a worthwhile read and a good source of references." (TRAC) The book is divided into chapters on new methods, new appli- cations, fluorescence immunoassays, fluorometric analysis and fluorescence spectroscopy in biomedical sciences. Specific topics are fluorescence spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation, picosecond fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence scattering by synthetic polymers, fluorescence immunoassays, fluorescence for environmental monitoring, fluorescence in flow injection analysis, hydro-geological studies, fluorescence of proteins, lipids and membranes, cell fluorescence, calcium transients.

Download or read book Practical Fluorescence Spectroscopy written by Zygmunt (Karol) Gryczynski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a detailed, hands-on approach to fluorescence spectroscopy, this book describes experiments that cover basic spectroscopy and advanced aspects of fluorescence spectroscopy. It emphasizes practical guidance, providing background on fundamental concepts as well as guidance on how to handle artifacts, avoid common errors, and interpret data. Nearly 150 experiments from biophysics, biochemistry, and the biomedical sciences demonstrate how methods are applied in practical applications. The result is a hands-on guide to the most important aspects of fluorescence spectroscopy, from steady-state fluorescence to advanced time-resolved fluorescence. Provides a complete overview of nearly 150 experiments using fluorescence spectroscopy, from basic to advanced applications Presents laboratory methods using a variety of instrumental setups with detailed discussion of data analysis and interpretations Covers steady-state phenomena, time-resolved phenomena, and advanced methods Spans biophysical, biochemical, and biomedical applications Describes related concepts, theory, and mathematical background as well as commercially available instruments used for measurements

Download or read book Introduction to Polymer Spectroscopy written by W. Klöpffer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has grown out of several courses oflectures held at the University of Mainz in the years 1978 to 1981, at the Ecole Poly technique Federal, Lausanne, and at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland. The last two courses were held in the framework of the "3e Cycle" lectures in June 1981. According to this genesis, the emphasis of the book lies on a unified and concise approach to introducing polymer spectroscopy rather than on completeness which, by the way, could hardly be achieved in a single volume. In contrast to other books on this subject, equal weight is given to electronic spectroscopy, vibrational spectroscopy and spin resonance techniques. The electronic properties of polymers have been increasingly investigated in the last ten years; until recently, however, these studies and the spectroscopic methods applied have not generally been considered as part of polymer spectroscopy. The increasing use of electronic spectroscopy by polymer researchers, on the other hand, shows that this type of spectroscopy provides efficient tools for gaining insight into the properties of polymers which cannot be obtained by any other means.

Download or read book Advanced Fluorescence Reporters in Chemistry and Biology II written by Alexander P. Demchenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-08 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts