Download or read book Fluid Balance Before and During Exercise and the Effects of Exercise Induced Dehydration on Physiological Responses Substrate Oxidation Muscle Metabolism and Performance written by Heather Logan-Sprenger and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fluid Balance Hydration and Athletic Performance written by Flavia Meyer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Athletes and nonathletes frequently consume too little water or fluids, affecting exercise performance as well as overall health. This book comprehensively reviews the aspects relating to body fluid balance, rehydration, and physical exercise. It provides background on body water balance and turnover, topics related to electrolyte balance, and sweating as the basis for thermoregulatory and fluid homeostasis during exercise. In addition, chapters cover body water balance evaluation and regulation; cardiovascular and metabolic responses to fluid imbalance; effects of dehydration on aerobic power, muscle strength, and cognitive function; fluid intake timing; and optimal beverage selection.
Download or read book Body Fluid Balance written by Elsworth R. Buskirk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-07-16 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body Fluid Balance: Exercise and Sport brings you the latest thinking on important topics in this dynamic research area. The authors of this authoritative compendium provide enlightening data and unique perspectives that will stimulate other investigators and supply independent analyses for practitioners and educators. The book is efficiently organized into three sections: Section one addresses control of body fluid during exercise. Topics range from basic thirst mechanisms to specific organ control. Section two discusses environmental influences on body fluid balance, including heat, cold, altitude, and immersion. Section three describes special considerations affecting body fluid balance during exercise, such as age, gender, physical performance, and clinical complications. Each chapter presents historical perspectives, critical experiments, appropriate analyses, and pertinent conclusions. Nowhere else will you find the information you need in such an easy-to-follow, convenient format.
Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Water Potassium Sodium Chloride and Sulfate written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-06-18 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.
Download or read book Monitoring Metabolic Status written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-08-29 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. military's concerns about the individual combat service member's ability to avoid performance degradation, in conjunction with the need to maintain both mental and physical capabilities in highly stressful situations, have led to and interest in developing methods by which commanders can monitor the status of the combat service members in the field. This report examines appropriate biological markers, monitoring technologies currently available and in need of development, and appropriate algorithms to interpret the data obtained in order to provide information for command decisions relative to the physiological "readiness" of each combat service member. More specifically, this report also provides responses to questions posed by the military relative to monitoring the metabolic regulation during prolonged, exhaustive efforts, where nutrition/hydration and repair mechanisms may be mismatched to intakes and rest, or where specific metabolic derangements are present.
Download or read book The Biology of Exercise written by Michael J. Joyner and published by Perspectives Cshl. This book was released on 2017 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exercise training provokes widespread transformations in the human body, requiring coordinated changes in muscle composition, blood flow, neuronal and hormonal signaling, and metabolism. These changes enhance physical performance, improve mental health, and delay the onset of aging and disease. Understanding the molecular basis of these changes is therefore important for optimizing athletic ability and for developing drugs that elicit therapeutic effects. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines the biological basis of exercise from the molecular to the systemic levels. Contributors discuss how transcriptional regulation, cytokine and hormonal signaling, glucose metabolism, epigenetic modifications, microRNA profiles, and mitochondrial and ribosomal functions are altered in response to exercise training, leading to improved skeletal muscle, hippocampal, and cardiovascular function. Cross talk among the pathways underlying tissue-specific and systemic responses to exercise is also considered. The authors also discuss how the understanding of such molecular mechanisms may lead to the development of drugs that mitigate aging and disease. This volume will therefore serve as a vital reference for all involved in the fields of sports science and medicine, as well as anyone seeking to understand the molecular mechanisms by which exercise promotes whole-body health.
Download or read book Fluid Balance in Hockey Players and the Effects of Mild Dehydration and Carbohydrate Ingestion on Skeletal Muscle Metabolism Performance and Cognitive Function During Intermittent Sprint Cycling written by Matt Palmer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis evaluated fluid balance in ice hockey players during practices, and the effects of dehydration on muscle metabolism, performance and cognition during intermittent sprint cycling, designed to simulate ice hockey skating. Main hypotheses included: 1) Players would experience moderate dehydration (-2% body mass (BM)) during on-ice practices. 2) Moderate dehydration would increase skeletal muscle glycogenolysis and impair performance in period 3 of the laboratory-based sprint cycling protocol. 3) Staying well-hydrated by drinking water or a CES would decrease glycogenolysis vs. moderate dehydration in period 3. 4) Cognitive function and perception of effort (RPE), would be impaired following the protocol when players were moderately dehydrated vs. when they ingested a CES. On-ice hockey practices induced large sweat losses (1.8±0.1 L·hr-1) and players replaced ~2/3 of the fluid lost with water, resulting in dehydration of -0.7±0.1% BM with ~10% of players losing >-2% BM. Mild dehydration in the laboratory (-1.1-1.8% BM) did not affect performance, glycogenolysis or Tc in period 3 vs. WATER ingestion. CES ingestion increased glycogen use in period 3 (177.5±31.1 vs. 103.5±16.2 mmol·kg dm-1), and increased performance (151.0±8.0 vs. 144.1±8.7 kJ) vs. mild dehydration. Overall Tc (37.9±0.1 vs. 38.1±0.1°C), and RPE in period 3 were lower (16±1 vs. 18±1) with CES ingestion. Complex cognitive functions were improved after the protocol when subjects ingested a CES vs. moderate dehydration (-2.5% BM). CES ingestion reduced mean Tc (38.0±0.0 vs. 38.1±0.1°C), and improved performance (151.0±8.0 vs. 144.1±8.7 kJ) and RPE (17±1 vs. 18±0) in period 3 vs. dehydration. These findings suggest that ice hockey players are only at risk of mild dehydration (~1% BM), but ~10% of players experience moderate dehydration (>-2% BM) during practices in the field. Mild dehydration (1.1-1.8% BM loss) had little influence on skeletal muscle metabolism and performance vs. hydrating with water, but CES ingestion increased glycogen use and performance in period 3 vs. mild dehydration. CES ingestion also improved cognition vs. moderate dehydration. The combined effects of consuming a CES on glycogen use, cognitive function and performance in the laboratory suggest a role for CHO ingestion in maintaining ice hockey performance in the field.
Download or read book Committee on Military Nutrition Research written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-08-04 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The activities of the Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR, the committee) have been supported since 1994 by grant DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC). This report fulfills the final reporting requirement of the grant, and presents a summary of activities for the grant period from December 1, 1994 through May 31, 1999. During this grant period, the CMNR has met from three to six times each year in response to issues that are brought to the committee through the Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division of the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine at Natick, Massachusetts, and the Military Operational Medicine Program of USAMRMC at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The CMNR has submitted five workshop reports (plus two preliminary reports), including one that is a joint project with the Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women; three letter reports, and one brief report, all with recommendations, to the Commander, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, since September 1995 and has a brief report currently in preparation. These reports are summarized in the following activity report with synopses of additional topics for which reports were deferred pending completion of military research in progress. This activity report includes as appendixes the conclusions and recommendations from the nine reports and has been prepared in a fashion to allow rapid access to committee recommendations on the topics covered over the time period.
Download or read book Pulmonary Gas Exchange written by G. Kim Prisk and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lung receives the entire cardiac output from the right heart and must load oxygen onto and unload carbon dioxide from perfusing blood in the correct amounts to meet the metabolic needs of the body. It does so through the process of passive diffusion. Effective diffusion is accomplished by intricate parallel structures of airways and blood vessels designed to bring ventilation and perfusion together in an appropriate ratio in the same place and at the same time. Gas exchange is determined by the ventilation-perfusion ratio in each of the gas exchange units of the lung. In the normal lung ventilation and perfusion are well matched, and the ventilation-perfusion ratio is remarkably uniform among lung units, such that the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood leaving the pulmonary capillaries is less than 10 Torr lower than that in the alveolar space. In disease, the disruption to ventilation-perfusion matching and to diffusional transport may result in inefficient gas exchange and arterial hypoxemia. This volume covers the basics of pulmonary gas exchange, providing a central understanding of the processes involved, the interactions between the components upon which gas exchange depends, and basic equations of the process.
Download or read book Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition written by Manfred Lamprecht and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.
Download or read book The Physiology and Pathophysiology of Exercise Tolerance written by Jürgen M. Steinacker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of an international symposium, held in Ulm, Germany, September 21-24, 1994
Download or read book Science and Racket Sports II written by Mike Hughes and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2002-11-01 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the Second World Congress of Science and Racket Sports and Fifth International Table Tennis Federation Sports Science Congress contain six keynote lectures which provide the latest research on a range of sport science topics as applied to tennis, table tennis, squash and badminton. The book is divided into six parts which deal respectively with Physiology, Nutrition, Preparation for Play, Psychological Aspects, Medical, Biomedical and Technical Aspects, and finally Notational Analysis. Sports scientists, coaches, physiotherapists, physicians and professional from racket sports industries will find that this book gives them access to the latest research from a world-wide group of experts. It will also provide an invaluable resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students. The editors have expertise in racket sports as well as in the various scientific disciplines covered at the Congresses. They have all been active in promoting the links between scientific theory and coaching practice.
Download or read book Human Performance Physiology and Environmental Medicine at Terrestrial Extremes written by Kent B. Pandolf and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ACSM s Advanced Exercise Physiology written by Charles M. Tipton and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2006 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by international experts in physiology, exercise physiology, and research, ACSM's Advanced Exercise Physiology gives students an advanced level of understanding of exercise physiology. It emphasizes the acute and chronic effects of exercise on various physiological systems in adults and the integrative nature of these physiological responses. Chapters detail how different body systems respond to exercise. Systems include nervous, skeletal, muscular, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, metabolic, endocrine, immune, renal, and hematopoietic systems. Additional chapters explain how these responses are altered by heat, cold, hypoxia, microgravity, bed rest, and hyperbaria. Milestones of Discovery pages describe classic or memorable experiments in exercise physiology.
Download or read book Biochemistry of Exercise written by Howard G. Knuttgen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Post Exercise Recovery Fundamental and Interventional Physiology written by Sergej M. Ostojic and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physiological responses after maximal and submaximal exercise are routinely monitored in a plethora of diseases (e.g. cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, asthma, neuromuscular disorders), and normal populations (e.g. athletes, youth, elderly), while slower or irregular post-exercise recovery usually indicates poor health and/or low fitness level. Abnormal post-exercise recovery (as assessed via blunted post-exercise heart rate dynamics) helps to predict the presence and severity of coronary artery disease, while differences in recovery outcomes in athletes might discriminate between fit and unfit individuals. Disturbances in post-exercise recovery might be due to acute or persistent changes in: (1) adaptive responses mediated by the autonomic nervous system and vasodilator substances, (2) cellular bioenergetics, and/or (3) muscular plasticity. Preliminary evidence suggests possible role of time-dependent modulation of nitric oxide synthase and adenosine receptors during post-exercise recovery, yet no molecular attributes of post-exercise recovery are revealed so far. Currently several markers of post-exercise recovery are used (e.g. heart rate measures, hormone profiles, biochemical and hematological indices); however none of them meets all criteria to make its use generally accepted as the gold standard. In addition, recent studies suggest that different pharmacological agents and dietary interventions, or manipulative actions (e.g. massage, cold-water immersion, compression garments, athletic training) administered before, during or immediately after exercise could positively affect post-exercise recovery. There is a growing interest to provide more evidence-based data concerning the effectiveness and safety of traditional and novel interventions to affect post-exercise recovery. The goals of this research topic are to critically evaluate the current advances on mechanisms and clinical implications of post-exercise recovery, and to summarize recent experimental data from interventional studies. This knowledge may help to identify the hierarchy of key mechanisms, and recognize methods to monitor and improve post-exercise recovery in both health and disease.
Download or read book Oxidants and Antioxidants written by Lester Packer and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General Description of the Series: The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. Now with more than 300 volumes (all of them still in print), the series contains much material still relevant today--truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. Key Features * Total Antioxidant Activity * Vitamin C * Polyphenols and Flavanoids * Thiols * Vitamin E and Coenzyme Q10 * Carotenoids and Retinoids.
