Download or read book Fiscal Stress in the U S States written by Sarah Arnett and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscal stress is an important and recurring problem that states face. Research to date on state fiscal stress involves, predominantly, cross-sectional and case study analyses and does not address the effectiveness of state responses. Many of these studies use different definitions and measures of fiscal stress compounding the difficulty of comparing fiscal stress findings. The present research effort adds to the fiscal stress literature by (1) clarifying the meaning of fiscal stress in the state context, (2) developing a measure of fiscal stress that operationalizes this meaning and is comparable across units, and 3) using this measure analyzes patterns in and the effectiveness of state responses. Fiscal stress is measured using four indexes: budget, cash, long-run, service-level. Eleven financial indicators, calculated using data from state Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports (CAFRs), are used to create these indexes for all fifty states for the years 2002-2009. Descriptive analysis compares state fiscal stress levels (grouped into low, moderate, and high fiscal stress by cluster analysis) to state economic growth rates, state responses, and institutional factors yielding several findings. First, states do not use an incremental or punctuated equilibrium strategy in responding to fiscal stress; nor do their responses follow the pattern predicted by Cutback Management theory. Second, institutional factors affect both the levels of fiscal stress and state responses to fiscal stress. Regression analysis supports and extends these findings. First, short-term responses of expenditure cuts, tax increases, and rainy day fund use do not affect state fiscal stress levels. Second, these responses have long-term effects on fiscal stress levels. A major implication of this research is that there is very little states can do in the short-term to reduce fiscal stress. However, by balancing expenditures and revenues states can set themselves up to weather the next economic downturn with lower levels of fiscal stress.

Download or read book The Fiscal Crisis of the States written by Steven David Gold and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the federal government has cut back its support for domestic services, state governments increasingly have been forced to assume a leadership position. In this book, prominent experts describe and analyze how state governments in the 1990s have coped with fiscal stress through changes in tax and spending policies, as well as through attempts to "reinvent government" by abandoning long-established policies. In an era when state budgets verge on the brink of deficit, state governments face the difficult task of reconciling the public's wish for low taxes with its desire for increased services--better schools, improved health systems, more prisons. This volume provides both a comparative overview of the fifty states as they try to meet conflicting needs and incisive case studies of six states with a reputation for being national leaders--California, Connecticut, Florida, Massachusetts, Michigan, and Minnesota. It explores how much substance there is to claims that states were successful in developing innovative policies. The Fiscal Crisis of the States draws upon research to analyze what is really happening in the state capitols. Boiling down the diverse experiences of various states into a number of important lessons, this book will be a valuable resource for academics, policymakers, and public administrators, as well as the general reader, to understand the reality of state fiscal policies.

Download or read book A Comparative Analysis of Fiscal Stress in New York State Texas and California written by Sally Wallace and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book State and Local Finances Under Pressure written by David L. Sjoquist and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State and Local Finances under Pressure explores the future of state and local government fiscal systems given the numerous pressures they face from economic, legal, technological, demographic and political forces. It explores how these multiple forces play out in terms of the changes state and local governments should and are likely to make. The contributors argue that state and local governments must make substantial changes and that failure to act is likely to result in adverse effects and increasing pressures for modifications that are more difficult to implement and more politically unpalatable. Without reform, state and local fiscal systems will grow increasingly out of sync with economic reality. The authors suggest that government responses are likely to be evolutionary, but that in 25 years the recorded changes will be substantial. The first chapter provides a historic perspective of state and local fiscal trends. Each of the subsequent chapters describes the nature of one of the pressures state and local governments face including: political and legal forces, globalization of business, demographic and technological changes, deregulation of utilities, and urban sprawl. Policymakers, economists, political scientists, fiscal policy analysts and public administrators will find this comprehensive book of interest.

Download or read book Measuring the Fiscal blood Pressure of the States 1964 1975 written by John Ross and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book How are States Responding to Fiscal Stress written by Kenneth Finegold and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fiscal Stress and Public Policy written by Charles H. Levine and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1980-12 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides some of the most current thinking on various aspects of fiscal stress in the public sector and its implications for public management. It lays out the background of financial stress at the federal, state, and local levels, suggesting how various public bodies have responded or might respond to fiscal stress. 'Fiscal Stress and Public Policy is an excellent collection of articles. They are provocative, readable, and of enduring value of academicians, scholars and students of public policy. Indeed, individual contributions are overshadowed only by the overall quality of the volume.' -- Quality and Quantity, Vol 17, 1983 'This is an excellent collection of essays. They coalesce around an extremely imp

Download or read book Targeted Fiscal Assistance to State and Local Governments written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Revenue Sharing, Intergovernmental Revenue Impact, and Economic Problems and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recovery Act written by Gene L. Dodaro and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report addresses the following objectives: (1) selected states' and localities' uses of Recovery Act funds; (2) the approaches taken by the selected states and localities to ensure accountability for Recovery Act funds; and (3) states' plans to evaluate the impact of the Recovery Act funds they received. This report is focused on 16 states and certain localities in those jurisdictions as well as the District of Columbia -- representing about 65% of the U.S. population and two-thirds of the intergovernmental fed. assistance available. Dodaro collected documents and interviewed state and local officials. He analyzed fed. agency guidance and spoke with Office of Mgmt. and Budget officials and with relevant program officials at several dep¿ts. Illus.

Download or read book Fiscal Stress and the Allocation of Expenditure Responsibilities Between State and Local Governments written by Benedict S. Jimenez and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article examines the intergovernmental dimension of state fiscal stress. Using data from 1980-2005 and covering 47 U.S. states, the study answers two questions. First, does fiscal stress experienced at the state level reduce state governments' expenditure responsibilities vis-à-vis the local public sector? Second, what functional responsibilities are implicitly devolved to local governments or centralized at the state level as a consequence of declining state fiscal condition? Three general frameworks are used to explain how the fiscal condition of states can affect state-local fiscal relations - fiscal federalism, the politics or interest group perspective, and the organizational model of fiscal slack.

Download or read book State Government Fiscal Stress and Federal Assistance written by Robert Dilger and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No two state budgets are alike. States have different budget cycles, different ways of preparing revenue estimates and forecasts, different requirements concerning their operating and capital budgets, different roles for their governors in the budget process, and different policies concerning the carrying over of operating budget deficits into the next fiscal year.

Download or read book The Fiscal Stress Arising from State and Local Retiree Health Obligations written by Byron F. Lutz and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book State Government Fiscal Stress and Federal Assistance written by Robert Jay Dilger and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-05 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Taxation Tax Policy written by Joseph J. Cordes and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2005 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From adjusted gross income to zoning and property taxes, the second edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy offers the best and most complete guide to taxes and tax-related issues. More than 150 tax practitioners and administrators, policymakers, and academics have contributed. The result is a unique and authoritative reference that examines virtually all tax instruments used by governments (individual income, corporate income, sales and value-added, property, estate and gift, franchise, poll, and many variants of these taxes), as well as characteristics of a good tax system, budgetary issues, and many current federal, state, local, and international tax policy issues. The new edition has been completely revised, with 40 new topics and 200 articles reflecting six years of legislative changes. Each essay provides the generalist with a quick and reliable introduction to many topics but also gives tax specialists the benefit of other experts' best thinking, in a manner that makes the complex understandable. Reference lists point the reader to additional sources of information for each topic. The first edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy was selected as an Outstanding Academic Book of the Year (1999) by Choice magazine."--Publisher's website.

Download or read book Essays on State Responses to Fiscal Stress written by Mark Lawrence Skidmore and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Growth and Variability in State Tax Revenue written by Randall G. Holcombe and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1997-10-28 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During recessions state government fiscal crises are widespread, as states find their revenues inadequate to meet their expenditure demands. This volume shows that state fiscal crises have only one significant cause: revenue downturns associated with recessions. Other analysts have argued that fiscal crises are the result of an interaction of many complex causes, including inadequate tax bases, increasing expenditure demands, and limits placed on state governments by voters. This analysis examines these other factors and shows that while they present significant challenges to state policymakers, they are not the cause of fiscal crises. The book presents an improved methodology for measuring cyclical variability of revenues and uses this methodology to show that there is no way to restructure state tax systems in order to appreciably reduce the fiscal stress associated with recessions. Fiscal stress can be lessened by setting aside revenues during prosperous years in a rainy day fund, but current rainy day funds are not large enough to eliminate the fiscal stress caused by recessions.

Download or read book Municipal Fiscal Stress Bankruptcies and Other Financial Emergencies written by Tatyana Guzman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is difficult to find someone who has not heard about the Puerto Rico, Detroit, Michigan, or Orange County, California, bankruptcies. While guides for responsibly managing government finances exist, problems often originate not because of poor financial reporting or financial deficiencies but because issues external to financial wellbeing arise, such as economic, demographic, political, legal, or even environmental factors. Exacerbating the problem, there is not much advice in the existing literature on how to act when municipalities face financial struggles. Filling this important gap, this book explores fiscal health and fiscal hardships, municipal defaults and bankruptcies, and many other aspects to help guide local governments during fiscal distress. Fiscal hardships negatively affect the quality and availability of public goods and services and, consequently, the wellbeing of residents and businesses living and working in distressed municipalities. Turned off streetlights, unmaintained public parks, potholes, inconsistent garbage pickup, longer response time from emergency services, and multiple other issues that residents of the struggling municipalities deal with, lead to higher crime rates, lower quality of K-12 education, dangerous road conditions, lower housing values, outmigration of wealthier population, and numerous other problems. The COVID-19 pandemic put additional unprecedented pressure on municipal finances nationwide. In this book authors Tatyana Guzman and Natalia Ermasova evaluate distressed cities and municipalities and provide practical recommendations on improving their financial conditions. What are conditions and signs to look for to not to find yourself in similar situations? What can be done if your municipality is already experiencing fiscal hardships? What are the consequences of fiscal misfortunes? How does one exit a fiscal emergency? This book answers these and other questions and serves as a guide to fiscal health and prosperity for U.S. municipal governments, students and researchers in public finance, and general public management fields.