Download or read book Fifty Years of Causes of Delinquency Volume 25 written by Taylor & Francis Group and published by Advances in Criminological Theory. This book was released on 2021-05-29 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume marks the 50th anniversary of the publication of Travis Hirschi's seminal work Causes of Delinquency. The influence of Hirschi's book, and the theory of social control it described, can scarcely be overstated. Social control theory has been empirically tested or commented on by hundreds of scholars and is generally regarded as one of the three dominant theories of crime. The current work highlights the impact that social control theory has had on criminological theory and research to date. Agnew's contribution highlights the role that Hirschi's tests of control versus strain theory had in contributing to the "near demise" of classic strain theories, and to the subsequent development of general strain theory. Serrano-Maillo relates control to drift, and Tedor and Hope compare the human nature assumptions of control theory to the current psychological literature. Other contributions return to Hirschi's original Richmond Youth Survey (RYS) data and demonstrate the robustness of Hirschi's major findings. Costello and Anderson find strong support for Hirschi's predictions in an analysis of a diverse group of youths in Fayetteville, Arkansas, in 1999; Nofziger similarly finds support for Hirschi's predictions with an analysis of the girls in the RYS, and explores the criticisms of social control theory that were the result of Hirschi's failure to analyze the data from the girls in the sample. Kempf-Leonard revisits her seminal 1993 survey of control theory and reviews the current empirical status of control theory. Other contributions explore new directions for both social control theory and self-control theory. The contribution by Cullen, Lee, and Butler holds that one element of the social bond, commitment, was under-theorized by Hirschi, and the authors present a more in-depth development of the concept. Quist explores the possibility of expanding social control theory to explicitly incorporate exchange theory concepts; Ueda and Tsutomi apply control theory cross-culturally to a sample of Japanese students; and Felson uses control theory to organize criminological ideas. Vazsonyi and Javakhishvili's contribution is an empirical analysis of the connections between social control in early childhood and self-control later in life; Chapple and McQuillan's contribution suggests that the gender gap in delinquency is better explained by increased controls in girls than by gendered pathways to offending. Oleson traces the evolution of Hirschi's control theory, and suggests that, given the relationships between fact and theory, a biosocial model of control might be a promising line of inquiry. Fifty Years of Causes of Delinquency: The Criminology of Travis Hirschi describes the current state of control theory and suggests its future directions, as well as demonstrates its enduring importance for criminological theory and research. The volume will be of interest to scholars working in the control theory tradition as well as those critical of the perspective, and is suitable for use in graduate courses in criminological theory.
Download or read book Fifty Years of Causes of Delinquency Volume 25 written by James C. Oleson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume marks the 50th anniversary of the publication of Travis Hirschi’s seminal work Causes of Delinquency. The influence of Hirschi’s book, and the theory of social control it described, can scarcely be overstated. Social control theory has been empirically tested or commented on by hundreds of scholars and is generally regarded as one of the three dominant theories of crime. The current work highlights the impact that social control theory has had on criminological theory and research to date. Agnew’s contribution highlights the role that Hirschi’s tests of control versus strain theory had in contributing to the "near demise" of classic strain theories, and to the subsequent development of general strain theory. Serrano-Maillo relates control to drift, and Tedor and Hope compare the human nature assumptions of control theory to the current psychological literature. Other contributions return to Hirschi’s original Richmond Youth Survey (RYS) data and demonstrate the robustness of Hirschi’s major findings. Costello and Anderson find strong support for Hirschi’s predictions in an analysis of a diverse group of youths in Fayetteville, Arkansas, in 1999; Nofziger similarly finds support for Hirschi’s predictions with an analysis of the girls in the RYS, and explores the criticisms of social control theory that were the result of Hirschi’s failure to analyze the data from the girls in the sample. Kempf-Leonard revisits her seminal 1993 survey of control theory and reviews the current empirical status of control theory. Other contributions explore new directions for both social control theory and self-control theory. The contribution by Cullen, Lee, and Butler holds that one element of the social bond, commitment, was under-theorized by Hirschi, and the authors present a more in-depth development of the concept. Quist explores the possibility of expanding social control theory to explicitly incorporate exchange theory concepts; Ueda and Tsutomi apply control theory cross-culturally to a sample of Japanese students; and Felson uses control theory to organize criminological ideas. Vazsonyi and Javakhishvili’s contribution is an empirical analysis of the connections between social control in early childhood and self-control later in life; Chapple and McQuillan’s contribution suggests that the gender gap in delinquency is better explained by increased controls in girls than by gendered pathways to offending. Oleson traces the evolution of Hirschi’s control theory, and suggests that, given the relationships between fact and theory, a biosocial model of control might be a promising line of inquiry. Fifty Years of Causes of Delinquency: The Criminology of Travis Hirschi describes the current state of control theory and suggests its future directions, as well as demonstrates its enduring importance for criminological theory and research. The volume will be of interest to scholars working in the control theory tradition as well as those critical of the perspective, and is suitable for use in graduate courses in criminological theory.
Download or read book Causes of Delinquency written by Travis Hirschi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Causes of Delinquency, Hirschi attempts to state and test a theory of delinquency, seeing in the delinquent a person relatively free of the intimate attachments, the aspirations, and the moral beliefs that bind most people to a life within the law. In prominent alternative theories, the delinquent appears either as a frustrated striver forced into delinquency by his acceptance of the goals common to us all, or as an innocent foreigner attempting to obey the rules of a society that is not in position to make the law or define conduct as good or evil. Hirschi analyzes a large body of data on delinquency collected in Western Contra Costa County, California, contrasting throughout the assumptions of the strain, control, and cultural deviance theories. He outlines the assumptions of these theories and discusses the logical and empirical difficulties attributed to each of them. Then draws from sources an outline of social control theory, the theory that informs the subsequent analysis and which is advocated here.Often listed as a Citation Classic, Causes of Delinquency retains its force and cogency with age. It is an important volume and a necessary addition to the libraries of sociologists, criminologists, scholars and students in the area of delinquency.
Download or read book Criminological Theory written by J. Robert Lilly and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2024-03-07 with total page 1003 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a rich introduction to how scholars analyze crime, Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences moves readers beyond a commonsense knowledge of crime to a deeper understanding of the importance of theory in shaping crime control policies. The Eighth Edition of this clear, accessible, and thoroughly revised text covers traditional and contemporary theory within a larger sociological and historical context. The latest edition includes new sources that assess the empirical status of the major theories, a new chapter on Black Criminology, and expanded coverage of important perspectives, such as the explanation of white-collar crime and the relationship of immigration and crime. Included with this title: LMS Cartridge: Import this title′s instructor resources into your school′s learning management system (LMS) and save time. Don′t use an LMS? You can still access all of the same online resources for this title via the password-protected Instructor Resource Site. Learn more.
Download or read book A Criminologist s Life written by Cheryl Lero Jonson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Criminologist’s Life: Essays in Honor of the Criminological Legacy of Francis T. Cullen honors the vast scholarly contributions of Francis T. "Frank" Cullen as well as the immeasurable influence that he has had on the field for over 40 years. With over 500 publications to his name and more than 67,000 citations to his work, Frank Cullen has left an indelible mark on the fields of criminology and criminal justice. Although best known for his work on rehabilitation and criminological theory, Frank also has profusely published in and shaped the areas of white-collar crime, the use of meta-analytic techniques to organize knowledge, the sexual victimization of college women, and public opinion on crime and punishment. However, Frank’s legacy on the field is not limited to his scholarly contributions: He has served as a mentor to countless students, colleagues, and others in the field, helping support and guide the next generation of scholars. Thus, the current volume is organized to recognize both his scholarly work and mentoring, as well as to provide an opportunity for Frank to reflect on his career "in his own words." The result is a collection of essays from Frank’s former students, colleagues, and friends written to pay homage to the more than 40 years of work he has done to advance criminological knowledge and shape the field.
Download or read book Women and Criminal Justice written by Marilyn D. McShane and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2021-01-31 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women and Criminal Justice provides a comprehensive view of how gender, race, and class affect the status of women in the context of policing, courts, and corrections. Systematic and engaging, Hsieh and McShane integrate the perspectives and experiences of women who are employed in the criminal justice system, as well as those who are offenders or victims of crime. Written specifically for the undergraduate course, Women and Criminal Justice opens a window onto the historical and contemporary landscape of the criminal justice system from the perspective of women. New to the Second Edition: A fresh approach to topical themes: The challenges of measuring risk of rape and human trafficking Social learning as an explanation of battering Motherhood on trial Female parolee/probationer needs and experiences Factors leading to increased system involvement When women work in men’s criminal justice arena The #Metoo Movement and its impact The changing complexion of American culture Professors and student will benefit from: Clear examples of the problems facing women from diverse perspectives drawn from history, law, criminal justice, and criminology The incorporation of evidence-based practices and cutting-edge research findings Understanding challenges and barriers that inhibit or enable women’s access to opportunities in the criminal justice system and in the workplace Developing creative thinking and problem-solving strategies across controversial issues surrounding gender and crime A raised awareness of gender inequity and inequality local, nationally and globally Additional resources from media, popular culture, and online outlets Teaching materials Include: Instructor’s manual with syllabi, additional assignments for students, and many teaching tips for the course. Extensive chapter-by-chapter outlines Complete test bank with a variety of assessments PowerPoint lecture slides keyed to the text and providing additional assignments
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Download or read book Developmental Theories Of Crime And Delinquency written by Terence P. Thornberry and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency, Terence P. Thornberry and his contributors show that criminal behavior is not a static human attribute, but ebbs and flows over the life course of the individual. Criminal behavior tends to follow a distinct psychological pattern. It is relatively uncommon during childhood, is initiated by most offenders during adolescence, flourishes during late adolescence and early childhood, and usually diminishes or disappears by the mid-twenties. This pattern is not characteristic of all people--some never commit crimes and others become career criminals--but it is a general description of the developmental pattern of criminal offenders. This pattern has profound implications for theories of crime and delinquency. Not only does it explain initiation into, maintenance of, and desistance from involvement in crime, it offers insight into why crime flourishes during adolescence. Traditional theories of crime and delinquency have often failed to distinguish among different phases of criminal careers. They tend to ignore developmental changes that occur across a person's life course, changes that coincide with and can explain the causes and patterns of criminal behavior. This paperback edition of the seventh volume of the distinguished series Advances in Criminological Theory moves us from static identifications of the criminal by presenting a broad range of developmental explanations of crime. Each contributor articulates a developmental or life course perspective in explaining how people become involved in delinquency and crime. Each covers a wide range of theoretical territory and reveals how a developmental perspective enhances the explanatory power of traditional theories of crime and delinquency. This volume is an invaluable tool for criminologists, sociologists, psychologists, and other professionals seeking to teach how crime and violence can be understood in our culture.
Download or read book Individual and Society written by Lizabeth A. Crawford and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-05-14 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike other texts for undergraduate sociological social psychology courses, Individual and Society covers each of the three research traditions in sociological social psychology—symbolic interactionism, social structure and personality, and group processes and structures. With this approach, the authors make clear the link between sociological social psychology, theory, and methodology. Students will gain a better understanding of how and why social psychologists trained in sociology ask particular kinds of questions; the types of research they are involved in; and how their findings have been, or can be, applied to contemporary societal patterns and problems. This new, third edition makes the emphasis on social inequality within sociological social psychology, a key theme in earlier versions of the book, more salient throughout the text by including new or expanded discussions of intersectionality, positionality, the experiences of gender and sexual minorities, racial microaggression, contemporary social movements, and the complexities of allyship. Other additions to the text address the ubiquity of the Internet and social media, where the authors consider how these phenomena have shaped the experiences of Generation Z, the first “digital natives,” and altered individuals’ self-concepts and social relationships. Engaging exercises and group activities are also embedded within each chapter to enhance students’ readiness to reflect and think critically about the social world around them and to improve their understanding of the different dimensions of sociological social psychology and how they relate to everyday life.
Download or read book Designing Disorder written by Richard Sennett and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rethinking the open city Planners, privatisation, and police surveillance are laying siege to urban public spaces. The streets are becoming ever more regimented as life and character are sapped from our cities. What is to be done? Is it possible to maintain the public realm as a flexible space that adapts over time? Can disorder be designed? Fifty years ago, Richard Sennett wrote his groundbreaking work The Uses of Disorder, arguing that the ideal of a planned and ordered city was flawed, likely to produce a fragile, restrictive urban environment. The need for the Open City, the alternative, is now more urgent that ever. In this provocative essay, Pablo Sendra and Richard Sennett propose a reorganisation of how we think and plan the life of our cities. What the authors call 'infrastructures for disorder' combine architecture, politics, urban planning and activism in order to develop places that nurture rather than stifle, bring together rather than divide, remain open to change rather than rapidly stagnate. Designing Disorder is a radical and transformative manifesto for the future of twenty-first-century cities.
Download or read book Crime Shame and Reintegration written by John Braithwaite and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-03-23 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime, Shame and Reintegration is a contribution to general criminological theory. Its approach is as relevant to professional burglary as to episodic delinquency or white collar crime. Braithwaite argues that some societies have higher crime rates than others because of their different processes of shaming wrongdoing. Shaming can be counterproductive, making crime problems worse. But when shaming is done within a cultural context of respect for the offender, it can be an extraordinarily powerful, efficient and just form of social control. Braithwaite identifies the social conditions for such successful shaming. If his theory is right, radically different criminal justice policies are needed - a shift away from punitive social control toward greater emphasis on moralizing social control. This book will be of interest not only to criminologists and sociologists, but to those in law, public administration and politics who are concerned with social policy and social issues.
Download or read book 108 1 Committee Print Compilation of The Social Security Laws Etc Vol 2 Through January 1 2003 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Desistance from Crime written by Michael Rocque and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-25 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a brief treatise on the theory and research behind the concept of desistance from crime. This ever-growing field has become increasingly relevant as questions of serious issues regarding sentencing, probation and the penal system continue to go unanswered. Rocque covers the history of research on desistance from crime and provides a discussion of research and theories on the topic before looking towards the future of the application of desistance to policy. The focus of the volume is to provide an overview of the practical and theoretical developments to better understand desistance. In addition, a multidisciplinary, integrative theoretical perspective is presented, ensuring that it will be of particular interest for students and scholars of criminology and the criminal justice system.
Download or read book Pressured Into Crime written by Robert Agnew and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pressured Into Crime: An Overview of General Strain Theory by Robert Agnew provides an overview of general strain theory (GST), one of the leading explanations of crime and delinquency, developed by author Robert Agnew. Written to be student-friendly, Pressured Into Crime features numerous real-world examples, insightful and colorful quotes from former and active criminals, clear summaries of major points, and challenging review and discussion questions at the end of each chapter. This book provides the following: * It compares and contrasts GST to other leading theories of crime, including biopsychological, control, social learning, routine activities, and social disorganization theories (presenting brief descriptions of these theories). * It describes the evidence on GST, including the most current research on the types of strains most likely to cause crime, why these strains cause crime, and the factors that influence the effects of strains on crime. * It employs GST to explain patterns of offending over the life course as well as age, gender, class, and race/ethnic differences in offending. * It uses GST to explain community and societal differences in crime rates. * It draws on GST to make recommendations for reducing crime. * It revises and extends GST to take into account the latest research findings. Pressured Into Crime allows students to explore this major theory in depth—reviewing the research on the theory, comparing it to other theories, and applying the theory to key issues in the study of crime.
Download or read book The Causes of Crime written by Sarnoff A. Mednick and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this century, social factors have dominated theories of antisocial behaviour to the near-exclusion of other explanatory variables in the study of criminology. Criminologists are now coming to realise that fully understanding the causes of criminality requires consideration of both social and biological variables and that their models must take into account the interaction of the two. Reports of the relevant scientific work have previously been scattered through journals with varying disciplinary and geographical limitations. The book presents state-of-the-art investigation into the biological factors that produce criminal activity from authorities in nine countries who are on the forefront of research in behaviour genetics, neurophysiology, biochemistry, neuropsychology, psychophysiology, psychiatry and sociology. The Causes of Crime: New Biological Approaches offers the first comprehensive overview and integration of this new field of enquiry. It will be an invaluable resource for everyone concerned with the causes of criminal behaviour and interventions to reduce its frequency.
Download or read book Integrated Developmental and Life course Theories of Offending written by David P. Farrington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental and life-course criminology aims to provide information about how offending and antisocial behavior develops, about risk and protective factors at different ages, and about the effects of life events on the course of development. This volume advances knowledge about these theories of offender behavior, many of which have been formulated only in the last twenty years. It also integrates knowledge about individual, family, peer, school, neighborhood, community, and situational influences on offender behavior, and combines key elements of earlier theories such as strain, social learning, differential association, and control theory.Contributors Benjamin B. Lahey and Irwin D. Waldman focus on antisocial propensity and the importance of biological and individual factors. Alex R. Piquero and Terrie E. Moffitt distinguish between life-course-persistent and adolescent-limited offenders. David P. Farrington presents the Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential (ICAP) theory, which distinguishes between long-term and short-term influences on antisocial potential. Richard F. Catalano, J. David Hawkins, and their colleagues test the Social Development Model (SDM).Marc Le Blanc proposes an integrated multi-layered control theory, in which criminal behavior depends on bonding to society, psychological development, modeling, and constraints. Robert J. Sampson and John H. Laub hypothesize that offending is inhibited by the strength of bonding to family, peers, schools, and later adult social institutions such as marriage and jobs. Terence P. Thornberry and Marvin D. Krohn propose an interactional theory, of antisocial behavior. Per-Olof H. Witkstrom's developmental ecological action theory emphasizes the importance of situational factors: opportunities cause temptation, friction produces provocation, and monitoring and the risk of sanctions have deterrent effects.
