Download or read book Feeding ecology of larvae of the Pacific giant salamander and their role as top predator in a headwater stream benthic community by Michael Steven Parker written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Feeding Ecology of Larvae of the Pacific Giant Salamander Dicamptodon Tenebrosus and Their Role as Top Predator in a Headwater Stream Benthic Community written by Michael S. Parker (Professor of biology) and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildlife Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Archiv F r Hydrobiologie und Planktonkunde written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Movement and Demography of Larval Coastal Giant Salamanders Dicamptodon Tenebrosus in Streams with Culverts in the Oregon Coast Range written by Jina P. Sagar and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barriers to the movement of aquatic organisms can increase the genetic and spatial isolation of populations and may decrease the viability of these regional populations. Focus on culvert passage issues has increased as federal agencies attempt to inventory and replace road-crossing stream culverts that are barriers to the movement of anadromous fish. However, the effect of road-crossing culverts on the movement of other aquatic organisms is not known. The coastal giant salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) is an important component of headwater stream communities and their movement may be affected by culverts in the larval aquatic stage. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of road-crossing culverts on the movement and survival of larval coastal giant salamanders in the Oregon Coast Range. We conducted a mark-recapture study on larval D. tenebrosus 3rd and 4th order streams to: i) determine culvert use and passage by design type (pipe and arch types) relative to reference stream reaches without culverts; and ii) model larval survival and growth by season, age and culvert presence. We assessed the movement of over 2,000 larval D. tenebrosus in 14 streams and found that larvae were highly sedentary. Mean movement distances did not differ with culvert presence. However, a small portion of larvae (20%) moved sufficient distances to assess culvert passage. Larvae moved less frequently through stream reaches with culverts than stream reaches without culverts, suggesting a barrier effect. There was less upstream movement through pipe culverts than arch culverts. Also, there were lower larval densities in pipe culverts, indicating arch culverts provided more larval habitat. Larval density both inside culverts and in the adjacent stream reaches was associated with the presence of large substrates, which may be important in facilitating larval D. tenebrosus movement through culverts. Stream reaches with culverts were associated with higher levels of fine sediments, however, which may reduce the suitability of near-culvert habitats. Survival estimates indicated high selection pressure early in the larval period. Apparent survival was lower in summer, and for first-year larvae in comparison to second/third-year larvae. Larval survival for both age groups was lower in reaches of stream with culverts although this effect was weak. Culvert effects on movement of coastal giant salamander aquatic larvae indicate they can operate as barriers but their effect on survival remains unclear. Culvert replacements that simulate both the natural stream bed and hydraulic conditions would help provide both habitat and passage opportunities for larval D. tenebrosus.
Download or read book Short term Relationship of Timber Management and Pacific Giant Salamander Populations and the Response of Larval Stream Amphibian to Predators Under Differing Sediment Levels written by Niels C. Leuthold and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Pacific Northwest, multiple studies have found negative effects of timber harvest on stream amphibians, but the results have been highly variable and region-specific. In this collection of studies, I examined the short term effect of timber harvest using a field study, and used lab work to examine a potential mechanism for timber harvest effect. Over the last 30 years forest management practices have changed substantially, yet little work examines how modern forest management relates to the abundance or density of stream amphibians. I examined the influences of contemporary forest practices on Pacific giant salamanders as part of the Hinkle Creek paired watershed study. I used a mark-recapture analysis to estimate Pacific giant salamander density at 100 1-m segments spread throughout the basin and then used extended linear models that accounted for correlation resulting from the repeated surveys at sites across years. Density was positively associated with substrate, negatively associate with upstream area drained, and had a weak positive association with fish density, but I found no evidence of an effect of harvest. A Monte Carlo analysis suggested that our results were not sensitive to missing captures at sites with no captures. Pacific Northwest stream amphibians are often negatively associated with sedimentation, but the mechanism underlying this relationship is not clear. One hypothesized mechanism is that the reduced interstitial space that results from sedimentation increases susceptibility of amphibians to predation. I used laboratory mesocosms to test this hypothesis and examine the response of larval Pacific giant salamanders and tailed frogs to cutthroat trout and adult Pacific giant salamander presence under three different levels of sediment. I found amphibian larvae were more visible as sediment level increased and some evidence that larvae were less visible in the presence of fish. Movement decreased in the presence of cutthroat trout, though for tailed frog larvae this effect was marginally significant (p = 0.066). Larvae did not respond to presence of adult Pacific giant salamanders. These patterns are consistent with the hypothesis that sediment affects larval stream amphibians by increasing vulnerability to predation. While both species of larvae actively sought cover in response to fish, I found little evidence that this behavior mitigates the effects of increasing sediment.
Download or read book The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians written by Kentwood D. Wells and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consisting of more than six thousand species, amphibians are more diverse than mammals and are found on every continent save Antarctica. Despite the abundance and diversity of these animals, many aspects of the biology of amphibians remain unstudied or misunderstood. The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians aims to fill this gap in the literature on this remarkable taxon. It is a celebration of the diversity of amphibian life and the ecological and behavioral adaptations that have made it a successful component of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Synthesizing seventy years of research on amphibian biology, Kentwood D. Wells addresses all major areas of inquiry, including phylogeny, classification, and morphology; aspects of physiological ecology such as water and temperature relations, respiration, metabolism, and energetics; movements and orientation; communication and social behavior; reproduction and parental care; ecology and behavior of amphibian larvae and ecological aspects of metamorphosis; ecological impact of predation on amphibian populations and antipredator defenses; and aspects of amphibian community ecology. With an eye towards modern concerns, The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians concludes with a chapter devoted to amphibian conservation. An unprecedented scholarly contribution to amphibian biology, this book is eagerly anticipated among specialists.
Download or read book Ecology written by Charles J. Krebs and published by Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. This book was released on 2001 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This best-selling majors ecology book continues to present ecology as a series of problems for readers to critically analyze. No other text presents analytical, quantitative, and statistical ecological information in an equally accessible style. Reflecting the way ecologists actually practice, the book emphasizes the role of experiments in testing ecological ideas and discusses many contemporary and controversial problems related to distribution and abundance. Throughout the book, Krebs thoroughly explains the application of mathematical concepts in ecology while reinforcing these concepts with research references, examples, and interesting end-of-chapter review questions. Thoroughly updated with new examples and references, the book now features a new full-color design and is accompanied by an art CD-ROM for instructors. The field package also includes The Ecology Action Guide, a guide that encourages readers to be environmentally responsible citizens, and a subscription to The Ecology Place (www.ecologyplace.com), a web site and CD-ROM that enables users to become virtual field ecologists by performing experiments such as estimating the number of mice on an imaginary island or restoring prairie land in Iowa. For college instructors and students.
Download or read book Spatial Variation in the Abundance Trophic Ecology and Role of Semi aquatic Salamanders in Headwater Streams written by Philip Robert Gould and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Headwater streams are common features of forested landscape and provide critical resources to near-stream riparian forests and downstream aquatic habitat. In many small streams in the southern Appalachians, often narrow and heavily shaded, these systems are almost entirely dependent on external input of nutrients. The volume and quality of nutrients available to headwater ecosystems varies through space and time, depending on the species of trees present in riparian forests, the time of year, and the rate of litter-processing by invertebrates. Additionally, nutrients are not distributed uniformly through aquatic ecosystems, and may be moved or aggregated by both physical and biological processes. Despite the perceived greater reliance on allochthonous input, there has been little work to identify how wildlife inhabiting smaller streams are facilitating stream nutrient dynamics both within streams and riparian systems. To increase our understanding of the role of animals in headwater streams, my research investigates the patterns of density, biomass, foraging, and excretion in the Black-bellied salamander (Desmognathus quadramaculatus), the largest, most-aquatic species of salamander occurring in fishless headwaters of the southern Appalachians. Desmognathus quadramaculatus forage both within and directly around streams, spending significant amounts of non-foraging time in stream banks or under partially submerged cover objects. Additionally, D. quadramaculatus have a 3-year larval period in this region and require permanent aquatic habitat for larval development.
Download or read book A Natural History of Amphibians written by Robert C. Stebbins and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1997-01-26 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphibia, the animal group that includes frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians, contains more than 4,500 known living species and new ones are being discovered continuously. This book focuses on the natural history of amphibians worldwide, how interaction with their environment over time has affected their evolutionary processes and what factors will determine their destinies. 37 photos. 52 line illus.
Download or read book Stream Corridor Restoration written by and published by National Technical Info Svc. This book was released on 1998 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is a cooperative effort among fifteen Federal agencies and partners to produce a common reference on stream corridor restoration. It responds to a growing national and international interest in restoring stream corridors.
Download or read book Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates written by James H. Thorp and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The third edition of Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates continues the tradition of in-depth coverage of the biology, ecology, phylogeny, and identification of freshwater invertebrates from the USA and Canada. This text serves as an authoritative single source for a broad coverage of the anatomy, physiology, ecology, and phylogeny of all major groups of invertebrates in inland waters of North America, north of Mexico." --Book Jacket.
Download or read book Perspectives in Ecological Theory written by Ramón Margalef and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ecosystem as a cybernetic system. Ecological succession and exploitation by man. The study of pelagic ecosystems. Evolution in the frame of ecosystem organization.
Download or read book Freshwater Biodiversity written by David Dudgeon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing human populations and higher demands for water impose increasing impacts and stresses upon freshwater biodiversity. Their combined effects have made these animals more endangered than their terrestrial and marine counterparts. Overuse and contamination of water, overexploitation and overfishing, introduction of alien species, and alteration of natural flow regimes have led to a 'great thinning' and declines in abundance of freshwater animals, a 'great shrinking' in body size with reductions in large species, and a 'great mixing' whereby the spread of introduced species has tended to homogenize previously dissimilar communities in different parts of the world. Climate change and warming temperatures will alter global water availability, and exacerbate the other threat factors. What conservation action is needed to halt or reverse these trends, and preserve freshwater biodiversity in a rapidly changing world? This book offers the tools and approaches that can be deployed to help conserve freshwater biodiversity.
Download or read book Water in Karst written by Neven Kresic and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2012-10-06 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete guide to the management and restoration of water in karst environments Written by the co-chair of the Karst Commission of the International Association of Hydrogeologists, this book addresses the unique challenges related to the characterization, management, and protection of karst aquifers, which are present on all continents and numerous oceanic islands. Water in Karst describes karst hydrogeology and hydrology, surface water–groundwater interactions, site investigation, data collection, delineation of drainage areas, groundwater extraction, regulatory issues, and water vulnerability and restoration. Predictive modeling methods and solutions to resource contamination and overexploitation are included. Photos, diagrams, and an eight-page color insert illustrate the concepts presented in this practical, comprehensive reference. WATER IN KARST COVERS: Karst aquifers Flow measurements and analysis Drainage areas in karst General principles of water management Regulations and education Predictive models Floods, droughts, and climate change Groundwater extraction Engineering regulation of karst aquifers and springs Vulnerability of water in karst Restoration of water in karst
