Download or read book Federal Courts and Women Workers written by Karen J. Maschke and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Litigation Courts and Women Workers written by Karen J. Maschke and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1989-06-23 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the larger field of women and employment law, Maschke has carved out a study that focuses exclusively on the impact Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act has had on women workers. . . . Maschke focus[es] on the history of women workers from the days of protective laws, through the difficult birth of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, to present-day struggles involving pregnant workers, sexual harassment, and comparable worth. Although legalistically oriented, the book is also attuned to the political in noting diverse strategies among women's organizations and the varying congressional and presidential commitments to the promotion of the equality of women's workers. . . . Concise and readable with a select bibliography and index. Choice A major contribution to the literature on the legal rights of women workers, this volume combines empirical investigation and case law analysis to provide a thorough study of sex discrimination litigation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As the author notes at the outset, Title VII, although not a panacea for sex discrimination, is the most important federal statute guaranteeing equality in the workplace for women workers. Her study examines how women have fared in Title VII litigation and how the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), as the government's enforcement agency, played a role in Title VII litigation and in the development of legal policy in this area. Divided into three major sections, the volume begins by exploring the protective labor laws that restricted women's job opportunities at the turn of the century. Maschke goes on to trace the origins of Title VII and to examine the political controversy surrounding the use of litigation to enforce Title VII. The second section analyzes the development of law resulting from cases involving pregnancy discrimination, sexual harassment, wage discrimination, and protective policies. In addition to case law analysis, these chapters examine the EEOC's response to the issues and demonstrate that the agency has often been inconsistent in developing sex discrimination policies. In the final section, Maschke addresses group and EEOC litigation activities in sex discrimination cases, focusing on aspects of decision making in the federal courts. The concluding chapter considers how courts and the litigation process played a role in expanding the rights of women workers.
Download or read book Constituting Workers Protecting Women written by Julie Lavonne Novkov and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2009-10-08 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constitutional considerations of protective laws for women were the analytical battlefield on which the legal community reworked the balance between private liberty and the state's authority to regulate. Julie Novkov focuses on the importance of gender as an analytical category for the legal system. During the Progressive Era and New Deal, courts often invalidated generalized protective legislation, but frequently upheld measures that limited women's terms and conditions of labor. The book explores the reasoning in such cases that were decided between 1873 and 1937. By analyzing all reported opinion on the state and federal level, as well as materials from the women's movement and briefs filed in the U.S. Supreme Court, the study demonstrates that considerations of cases involving women's measures ultimately came to drive the development of doctrine. The study combines historical institutionalism and feminism to address constitutional interpretation, showing that an analysis of conflict over the meaning of legal categories provides a deeper understanding of constitutional development. In doing so, it rejects purely political interpretations of the so-called Lochner era, in which the courts invalidated many legislative efforts to ameliorate the worst effects of capitalism. By addressing the dynamic interactions among interested laypersons, attorneys, and judges, it demonstrates that no individuals or institutions have complete control over the generation of constitutional meaning. Julie Novkov is Assistant Professor of Political Science, University of Oregon
Download or read book Studying the Role of Gender in the Federal Courts written by Molly Treadway Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Telling Stories Out of Court written by Ruth O'Brien and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Few of the countless real-life stories of workplace discrimination suffered by men and women every day are ever told publicly. This book boldly and eloquently rights that wrong, going where no plaintiff testimony could ever dare because these stories are often too raw, honest, ambiguous, and nuanced to be told in court or reported in a newspaper."—from the Foreword Telling Stories Out of Court reaches readers on both an intellectual and an emotional level, helping them to think about, feel, and share the experiences of women who have faced sexism and discrimination at work. It focuses on how the federal courts interpreted Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Offering insights that law texts alone cannot, the short stories collected here—all but two written for this volume—help readers concentrate on the emotional content of the experience with less emphasis on the particulars of the law. Grouped into thematic parts titled "In Their Proper Place," "Unfair Treatment," "Sexual Harassment," and "Hidden Obstacles," the narratives are combined with interpretive commentary and legal analysis that anchor the book by revealing the impact this revolutionary law had on women in the workplace. At the same time, the stories succeed on their own terms as compelling works of fiction, from "LaKeesha's Job Interview," in which a woman's ambition to move from welfare to work faces an ironic obstacle, to "Plato, Again," in which a woman undergoing treatment for cancer finds her career crumble under her, to "Vacation Days," which takes the reader inside the daily routine of a nanny who works at the whim of her employer.
Download or read book Unequal written by Sandra F. Sperino and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-01 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is no secret that since the 1980s, American workers have lost power vis-à-vis employers through the well-chronicled steep decline in private sector unionization. American workers have also lost power in other ways. Those alleging employment discrimination have fared increasingly poorly in the courts. In recent years, judges have dismissed scores of cases in which workers presented evidence that supervisors referred to them using racial or gender slurs. In one federal district court, judges dismissed more than 80 percent of the race discrimination cases filed over a year. And when juries return verdicts in favor of employees, judges often second guess those verdicts, finding ways to nullify the jury's verdict and rule in favor of the employer. Most Americans assume that that an employee alleging workplace discrimination faces the same legal system as other litigants. After all, we do not usually think that legal rules vary depending upon the type of claim brought. The employment law scholars Sandra A. Sperino and Suja A. Thomas show in Unequal that our assumptions are wrong. Over the course of the last half century, employment discrimination claims have come to operate in a fundamentally different legal system than other claims. It is in many respects a parallel universe, one in which the legal system systematically favors employers over employees. A host of procedural, evidentiary, and substantive mechanisms serve as barriers for employees, making it extremely difficult for them to access the courts. Moreover, these mechanisms make it fairly easy for judges to dismiss a case prior to trial. Americans are unaware of how the system operates partly because they think that race and gender discrimination are in the process of fading away. But such discrimination still happens in the workplace, and workers now have little recourse to fight it legally. By tracing the modern history of employment discrimination, Sperino and Thomas provide an authoritative account of how our legal system evolved into an institution that is inherently biased against workers making rights claims.
Download or read book Litigation on Behalf of Women written by Margaret A. Berger and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report seeks to answer two questions: (1) What has been the impact of litigation, and especially Ford Foundation supported litigation, on the women's rights movement? (2) How effective is litigation as a tool in promoting equality for women? The analyses, conclusions, and recommendations are based on interviews with the Ford grantees and other experts on women's rights, and examination of judicial opinions, and legal and social science literature concerned with women's rights. The report begins by looking at the historical context in which the women's rights litigative effort evolved, and then analyzes the existing economic data to see if any objective changes have occurred. Key litigated issues are examined to separate hopes from realities, and to determine whether there has been a pattern to the victories and defeats, and whether there has been an overall net gain or loss. Finally, some conclusions are offered on the litigators' achievements and an assessment of whether or not there is cause for disenchantment. Recommendations are then offered as to how litigation should be structured in the future in order to take advantage of the lessons of the past. (Author/MLF)
Download or read book State Hours Laws for Women written by United States. Women's Bureau and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Preliminary Report of the Ninth Circuit Gender Bias Task Force written by United States. Court of Appeals (9th Circuit). Gender Bias Task Force and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Pursuit of Equality written by Susan Gluck Mezey and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Chains of Protection written by Judith A. Baer and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1978-01-19 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph commenting on recent and historical labour legislation which has contributed to sex discrimination against woman workers in the USA - discusses the role of the supreme court in sanctioning special laws for women to protect them from poor working conditions which, in turn, led to infringement of women's rights and sexual inequality in employment, and examines the civil rights act of 1964 and the equal pay act of 1963 seen as measures to improve equal opportunity legislation. Bibliography pp. 219 to 230.
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Women Business and the Law 2021 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-04-05 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women, Business and the Law 2021 is the seventh in a series of annual studies measuring the laws and regulations that affect women’s economic opportunity in 190 economies. The project presents eight indicators structured around women’s interactions with the law as they move through their lives and careers: Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Entrepreneurship, Assets, and Pension. This year’s report updates all indicators as of October 1, 2020 and builds evidence of the links between legal gender equality and women’s economic inclusion. By examining the economic decisions women make throughout their working lives, as well as the pace of reform over the past 50 years, Women, Business and the Law 2021 makes an important contribution to research and policy discussions about the state of women’s economic empowerment. Prepared during a global pandemic that threatens progress toward gender equality, this edition also includes important findings on government responses to COVID-19 and pilot research related to childcare and women’s access to justice.
Download or read book Employment Discrimination and Civil Rights Actions in Federal and State Courts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pregnancy Discrimination and the American Worker written by Michelle D. Deardorff and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how the federal courts have addressed the two primary federal statutory protections found in the Pregnancy Discrimination Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act and how law mediates conflict between workplace expectations and the realities of pregnancy. While pregnancy discrimination has been litigated under both, these laws establish different forms of equality. Formal equality requires equal treatment of pregnant women in the workplace, and substantive equality requires the worker's needs to be accommodated by the employer. Drawing from a unique database of 1,112 cases, Deardorff and Dahl discuss how courts have addressed pregnancy through these two different approaches to equality. The authors explore the implications for gender equality and the evolution of how pregnancy and pregnancy-related conditions in employment can be addressed by employers.
Download or read book Code of Judicial Conduct for United States Judges written by American Bar Association and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Equal Pay Act Fifty Years on written by Suzanna Cross and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifty years ago, President John F Kennedy signed landmark legislation to guarantee equal pay for women and men performing equal work for the same employer. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 was the first in a series of major federal and state laws that had a profound effect on job opportunities and earnings for women over the next half century, and laid the foundation for the movement of women into the paid labor force at unprecedented levels. The term "pay gap" refers to the difference in earnings between male and female workers. While the pay gap has narrowed since the 1960s, female workers with a strong attachment to the labor force earn about 77 to 81 cents for every dollar earned by similar male workers. This book presents data trends in earnings for male and female workers and by discusses explanations that have been offered for the differences in earnings. It discusses the major laws directed at eliminating sex-based wage discrimination as well as relevant federal court cases.
