Download or read book Feasibility of using incinerator bottom ash as aggregate in concrete written by Abdulrahman Hasan Abbasi and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Feasibility Study of Using Ground Bottom Ash in Geopolymer Concrete written by Navin Paija and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States alone has about three quarters of the accessible worldwide reserve of coal. There are about 511 coal-powered electric plants and generates about 33% of the nation's electricity. The combustion of coal results in a large number of solid waste materials known as coal combustion byproducts (CCBs) that are stored in landfill or ponds. These are easily accessible and with proper research it can be put into beneficial use. Today concrete is the second most consumed substance after water. Concrete, a composite material made of a binder in combination with coarse and fine aggregate, is used in foundations and structures of buildings, bridges, roads, dams. Cement is the most widely used binder for concrete, however, research has shown that a single cement industry produces approximately 5% of global CO2 emissions, and one ton of Portland cement emits approximately one ton of CO2. This emission of CO2 is one of the main reasons for global warming and has detrimental impacts on environment. The possibility of using fly ash and bottom ash as an alternative to cement as a binder to produce sustainable concrete is investigated in this study. The process of geopolymerization includes the reaction of ash and an alkali activated solution made of diluted sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. The initial objective of this study was to produce fly ash geopolymer concrete which has a strength comparable to that of cement concrete. However, later the possibility of bottom ash as a binder material for geopolymer production was also studied. During this study, the strength of conventional mortar with 10%, 20%, and 30% cement replacement with fly ash and bottom ash was experimented and compared with strength of cement mortar. The test results showed that with increase in the fly ash and bottom ash replacement the strength of the mortars decreased, moreover, the mortars that was replaced by bottom ash produced better results than that of the fly ash replacement. Also, the effect of increase in the ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio on the strength of geopolymer mortar is studied. Sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio of 1.5, 2.5, and 3 is used in this ratio, and the test results showed that with the increase in this ratio the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar also increased. Similarly, different combinations of fly ash and bottom ash is used to produce geopolymer mortars. The results showed that geopolymer mortar with higher bottom ash content produced better results. The effect of ground fly ash and bottom ash on the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar is also studied. The test result showed that with increase in fineness of fly ash and bottom ash, there was slight improvement in the strength.
Download or read book The Structural Integrity of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Produced With Fillers and Pozzolans written by Paul O. Awoyera and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Structural Integrity of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Produced with Fillers and Pozzolans presents a review on the use of by-products, fillers and pozzolanic materials in the development of concrete, with an emphasis on structural integrity. The volume is broken down into key sections, including a review of the types of materials that are used as latent hydraulic supplements, fillers and pozzolans for making recycled aggregate concrete, rheology and hydration phenomenon, the mechanical and microscale nature of concrete, and the impact of fillers and pozzolans on the workability of concrete with case studies. Durability and strength development are also discussed. The final section looks at issues such as performance effect, LCA, environmental impact, sustainability and cost benefit analysis. With detailed case studies throughout, this volume will provide useful information for all stakeholders involved in the built environment, including materials scientists, civil engineers, builders, architects and policymakers. Identifies several potential by-products, fillers and pozzolans for the development of durable concrete Acts as a guidebook for constructors and researchers working in the broad field of material science, engineering and in-situ application Presents the durability properties of concrete made of by-products, fillers and pozzolans
Download or read book Feasibility of using incinerator bottom ash as a sub base and roadbase material written by Vincent Peter Andrew Doran and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues in Concrete written by Shipeng Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The global generation of municipal solid wastes (MSW) has been dramatically increasing as a result of industrialization and rise in population. The conventional waste treatment method, landfilling, can be problematic because of the long-term land occupation and the potential environmental risks from underground water pollution, soil contamination, and/or methane and odor emissions. Because of that, many countries adopted incineration as an alternative solution for waste treatment. Incineration has the advantages of reducing mass and volume of the waste and collecting energy from the combustible content simultaneously. However, this is not the final solution. Considering the extensive amount of MSW generated every day, after incineration, there are still ash residues that pose challenges to disposal. Moreover, some of the incineration residues are hazardous and thus need to be treated and further landfilled. This process is costly and has the possibility of presenting ecological risks. To solve this problem, this thesis successfully demonstrated the feasibility of using municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) residues, namely bottom ash (BA), boiler ash (BLA), and APC lime, in concrete for different applications. Firstly the dried and pulverized bottom ash (BA) residue was successfully applied in dry-cast concrete as cement replacement. This material exhibited good pozzolanic reactivity, which led to improved strength and durability. Secondly an eco-cement was synthesized exclusively from MSWI residues that had shown both CO2 reactivity and latent hydraulic behavior. All types of residues were utilized as raw materials of the eco-cement. The performance of the eco-cement to partially and entirely replace ordinary Portland cement was examined under both hydration and carbonation curing conditions. This concept was further proved in pilot-scale production of full-size concrete masonry units. The results indicated that the eco-cement can work as either standalone binder (under carbonation curing) or supplementary cementitious material (under hydration or carbonation curing) in concrete products. Thirdly, attempt has been made to use as-received bottom ash (BA) as aggregate in concrete. A green concrete that combined BA aggregate and synthesized eco-cement was developed to maximize the usage of MSWI residues. It was concluded that the proposed MSWI residues utilization techniques can replace the costly and environmental harmful landfill disposal method and convert the wastes to value-added products"--
Download or read book Use of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash as Aggregate Concrete written by Katrin Rübner and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Construction written by Thomas D. Dyer and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 2000 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opportunities for developing sustainable utilisation are becoming increasingly advantageous, and the recovery of maximum value waste materials is a key concern in this process. One of the most effective approaches to value recovery is through the genreation of heat and power from waste incineration are significant, disposal of the ash generated is the main difficulty to justifying this process as a wholly sustainable waste management solution.This is the Proceedings of the major international workshop that took place at the University of Dundee during March 2000.
Download or read book Treatment and Utilization of Combustion and Incineration Residues written by Lei Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatment and Utilization of Combustion and Incineration Residues introduces state-of-art strategies for combustion and incineration solid residue management and utilization. The book also reviews current technologies for pollutant removal and control of combustion and incineration residues. Recycling ashes and slags in sustainable construction materials are also evaluated on environmental impacts and engineering values, and the use of different ashes and slags in cement clinker production is classified based on the sources and properties of the residues. In addition, the recovery of valuable metals and inorganic elements is also discussed. Finally, Treatment and Utilization of Combustion and Incineration Residues examines the latest understanding of reaction mechanisms of various treatment technologies is elaborated to foster the future design of treatment technologies and the actualization of sustainable management for combustion/incineration residues. Provides systematical classification and introduction of combustion/incineration solid residues Introduces the detoxification and purification technologies of hazardous combustion/incineration ashes and slags Highlights the treatment and recycling approaches of combustion and incineration residues in cement clinker production and sustainable construction materials manufacture Provides systematical classification and introduction of combustion/incineration solid residues Introduces the detoxification and purification technologies of hazardous combustion/incineration ashes and slags Highlights the treatment and recycling approaches of combustion and incineration residues in cement clinker production and sustainable construction materials manufacture
Download or read book Risk and Performance Assessment of Cement Made Using Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash as a Cement Kiln Feed written by Benjamin E. Watts and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To assess the feasibility of incorporating municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash (BA) as a replacement for traditional raw materials in cement kiln feed, an industrial-scale kiln trial was performed. Leach testing and chemical and physical characterization data from a cement product made at a replacement percentage of 2.8% by mass of kiln feed were comparable to results from ordinary portland cement. The concentrations of constituents of concern in leach tests were generally below risk-based screening levels or of similar or lower magnitude than leachate from control products. Ash-amended cement exhibited greater early age reactivity,and this was reflected in initial mortar compressive strength results; ultimate compressive strength results were higher in the control mortar. The ash-amended and control cements were similar in characteristic,but quantitative x-ray diffraction results reveal differences in alite and aluminate formation during the clinker formation process.
Download or read book Sustainable Construction Materials written by Ravindra K. Dhir OBE and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Construction Materials: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash discusses the global use of virgin aggregates and CO2 polluter Portland cement. Given the global sustainability agenda, much of the demand for these two sets of materials can be substantially reduced through the appropriate use of waste materials, thereby conserving natural resources, energy and CO2 emissions. Realistically, this change can only be realized and sustained through engineering ingenuity and new concepts in design. Although a great deal of research has been published over the last 50 years, it remains fragmented and ineffective. This book develops a single global knowledge-base, encouraging greater use of selected waste streams. The focus of massive systematic reviews is to encourage the uptake of recycled secondary materials (RSM) by the construction industry and guide researchers to recognize what is already known regarding waste. Provides an extensive source of valuable database information, supported by an exhaustive list of globally-based published literature over the last 40-50 years Offer an analysis, evaluation, repackaging and modeling of existing knowledge on sustainable construction practices Provides a wealth of knowledge for use in many sectors relating to the construction profession
Download or read book Low Carbon Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous Wastes written by Daniel C.W. Tsang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low Carbon Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous Wastes details sustainable and low-carbon treatments for addressing environmental pollution problems, critically reviewing low-carbon stabilization/solidification technologies. This book presents the latest state-of-the-art knowledge of low-carbon stabilization/solidification technologies to provide cost-effective sustainable solutions for real-life environmental problems related to hazardous wastes including contaminated sediments. As stabilization/solidification is one of the most widely used waste remediation methods for its versatility, fast implementation and final treatment of hazardous waste treatment, it is imperative that those working in this field follow the most recent developments. Low Carbon Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous Wastes is a necessary read for academics, postgraduates, researchers and engineers in the field of environmental science and engineering, waste management, and soil science, who need to keep up to date with the most recent advances in low-carbon technologies. This audience will develop a better understanding of these low-carbon mechanisms and advanced characterization technologies, fostering the future development of low-carbon technologies and the actualization of green and sustainable remediation. Focuses on stabilization/solidification for environmental remediation, as one of the most widely used environmental remediation technologies in field-scale applications Details the most advanced and up-to-date low-carbon sustainable technologies necessary to guide future research and sustainable development Provides comprehensive coverage of low-carbon solutions for treating a variety of hazardous wastes as well as contaminated soil and sediment
Download or read book Concrete Microstructure Properties and Materials written by P. Mehta and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2005-09-26 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook presents the art and science of concrete in a simple, clear, hands-on manner, focusing on the following: Cement and concrete are predicted to be the premier building material of the 21st Century; Includes unique diagrams, photographs, and summary tables; Updated to include new chapters on non-destructive methods for concrete; future challenges in concrete technology; an increased number of examples of concrete applications; and new developments in durability.
Download or read book The Feasibility of Using Fly Ash in Concrete written by Carlos J. Garrett and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federally Coordinated Program of Research and Development in Highway Transportation Improved materials utilization and durability written by United States. Federal Highway Administration and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Waste Materials and By Products in Concrete written by Rafat Siddique and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-13 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The amount and variety of waste that humanity dumps in landfill sites is nothing short of a scandal, believes Rafat Siddique, of Deemed University in Patiala, India. Instead, we ought to be building new homes out of it! Siddique shows in this important book that many non-hazardous waste materials and by-products which are landfilled, can in fact be used in making concrete and similar construction materials.
Download or read book Eco efficient concrete written by M. Tyrer and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-02-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential to use municipal waste incineration products in concrete has been examined over many years, both as a source of aggregates and as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). With an understanding of the chemical evolution of these materials in the cement environment, both applications provide routes to the re-use of these materials in construction. Fly ashes and air pollution control residues must be washed to remove their considerable chloride content before use, after which, the remaining solids (largely aluminosilicates) may replace some fraction of the cementitious binder. Care must be taken when using these materials as SCMs, as volatile heavy metals present in the original waste may be concentrated in the fly ash. The bottom ashes from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration also show sufficient pozzolanic reactivity when finely ground, to replace some cement in the binder phase. They may also serve directly as aggregate in concrete, although the irregular and angular particle shape may reduce its workability somewhat. Most MSW bottom ashes contain sufficient free aluminium to disrupt the setting reactions of the binder through hydrolysis reactions at high pH. Consequently, this must be removed or reacted by pre- treatment, prior to use in concrete and means of doing so are described here. Slower detrimental reactions are also known, such as alkali silca reaction, especially of container-glass fragments and these are considered here. Lastly, the use of MSW incineration products in manufactured aggregates is described, comparing sintering, melting and recrystallization, and plasma processing, with low temperature methods such as rapid carbonation technology.
Download or read book Recycled Aggregate Concrete with Fly Ash written by Susan D. Costabile and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The feasibility of recycled aggregate concrete made with 50% fly ash as a replacement for Portland cement is investigated through a literature review and an experimental testing program. Compressive and tensile strengths are determined along with elastic modulus and drying shrinkage characterististics. Recycled aggregate concrete is compared to natural aggregate concrete of the same mix proportions and materials except for the coarse aggregate content.
