Download or read book Fault Detection and Diagnostics of an HVAC System in a Real Building written by Christopher D. Torline and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Building HVAC Systems written by Massieh Najafi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building HVAC systems account for more than 30% of annual energy consumption in United States. However, it has become apparent that only in a small percentage of buildings do HVAC systems work efficiently or in accordance with design intent. Studies have shown that operational faults are one of the main reasons for the inefficient performance of these systems. It is estimated that an energy saving of 5 to 15 percent is achievable simply by fixing faults and optimizing building control systems. In spite of good progress in recent years, methods to manage faults in building HVAC systems are still generally undeveloped; in particular, there is still a lack of reliable, affordable, and scalable solutions to manage faults in HVAC systems. Modeling limitations, measurement constraints, and the complexity of concurrent faults have made the diagnosis of these problems as much an art as a science. The challenge is how to evaluate system performance within the boundaries defined by such limitations. This thesis focuses on a number of issues that, in our opinion, are crucial to the development of reliable and scalable diagnostic solutions for building HVAC systems. Diagnostic complexity due to modeling and measurement constraints, the pro-activeness of diagnostic mechanisms, bottom-up versus top-down diagnostic perspectives, diagnosis-ability, and the correlation between measurement constraints and diagnostic capability will be discussed in detail. We will develop model-based and non-model-based diagnostic algorithms that have the capability of dealing with modeling and measurement constraints more effectively. We will show how the effect of measurement constraints can be traced to the information entropy of diagnostics assessments and how this can lead to a framework optimizing the architecture of sensor networks from the diagnostic perspective. In another part of this study, we focus on proactive diagnostics. In the past, the topic of proactive fault diagnostics has not been given enough attention, even though the capability of conducting and supervising automated proactive testing is essential in terms of being able to replace manual troubleshooting with automated solutions. We will show how a proactive testing problem can be formulated as a decision making problem coupled with a Bayesian network diagnostic model. The algorithms presented in this thesis have been implemented and tested in the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) using real and synthetic data.

Download or read book Automated Diagnostics and Analytics for Buildings written by Barney L. Capehart and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the widespread availability of high-speed, high-capacity microprocessors and microcomputers with high-speed communication ability, and sophisticated energy analytics software, the technology to support deployment of automated diagnostics is now available, and the opportunity to apply automated fault detection and diagnostics to every system and piece of equipment in a facility, as well as for whole buildings, is imminent. The purpose of this book is to share information with a broad audience on the state of automated fault detection and diagnostics for buildings applications, the benefits of those applications, emerging diagnostic technology, examples of field deployments, the relationship to codes and standards, automated diagnostic tools presently available, guidance on how to use automated diagnostics, and related issues.

Download or read book Fault Detection and Diagnosis Methods for Building HVAC Systems written by Yang Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Model based Fault Diagnosis in Dynamic Systems Using Identification Techniques written by Silvio Simani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety in industrial process and production plants is a concern of rising importance but because the control devices which are now exploited to improve the performance of industrial processes include both sophisticated digital system design techniques and complex hardware, there is a higher probability of failure. Control systems must include automatic supervision of closed-loop operation to detect and isolate malfunctions quickly. A promising method for solving this problem is "analytical redundancy", in which residual signals are obtained and an accurate model of the system mimics real process behaviour. If a fault occurs, the residual signal is used to diagnose and isolate the malfunction. This book focuses on model identification oriented to the analytical approach of fault diagnosis and identification covering: choice of model structure; parameter identification; residual generation; and fault diagnosis and isolation. Sample case studies are used to demonstrate the application of these techniques.

Download or read book Online learning based Fault Detection and Diagnosis for HVAC Systems in Commercial Buildings written by Majid Karami and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems account for a significant portion of the energy consumption in buildings. Faults in HVAC systems, such as equipment degradation, failure in sensors and controllers, if not detected at early stages, can raise the maintenance costs, occupant discomfort, and a significant amount of wasted energy, around 15% to 30% of the total energy consumed in the building. Such a significant energy impact introduced by various faults demonstrates substantial potential for energy saving in buildings by implementing automatic fault detection and diagnosis (AFDD) systems. Despite the extensive research on AFDD of HVAC systems, there is a lack of an AFDD method which is capable of handling the unexplored states in systems. The unexplored states may arise in HVAC systems as the data for training the AFDD algorithm of such complicated nonlinear systems is usually limited. Most of the conventional AFDD methods are only capable of diagnosing the faults for which the prior information is available during the training process, but cannot diagnose an unseen fault in systems. Other possibilities of unexplored states are a new operational mode in the system, change in the control setpoints, and change in the system components due to retrofit and maintenance. The challenge is how to evolve the AFDD algorithm to learn the information about the new faults or new dynamics in the HVAC systems. In this study, to address the problems above, the online-learning-based AFDD algorithm is developed which allows the adaptation of both the structure and the parameters of the AFDD algorithm when a new state in the system is recognized. The proposed AFDD algorithm relies upon an evolving Gaussian mixture modeling approach and has the ability to diagnose any of the already-known faults in the system, reveal an unknown state in the system, and learn the information of the new states. The performance evaluation of the proposed evolving AFDD algorithm is illustrated in detection and diagnosis of various faults in a chiller plant and a variable air volume (VAV) system as they are two common HVAC systems in commercial buildings. The AFDD algorithm is evaluated using both simulation studies and an experiment using an actual VAV system. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed AFDD algorithm in detecting and diagnosing common faults as well as unseen states in the HVAC systems.

Download or read book Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Industrial Systems written by L.H. Chiang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early and accurate fault detection and diagnosis for modern chemical plants can minimize downtime, increase the safety of plant operations, and reduce manufacturing costs. This book presents the theoretical background and practical techniques for data-driven process monitoring. It demonstrates the application of all the data-driven process monitoring techniques to the Tennessee Eastman plant simulator, and looks at the strengths and weaknesses of each approach in detail. A plant simulator and problems allow readers to apply process monitoring techniques.

Download or read book Detection and Diagnosis of Faults and Energy Monitoring of Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems with Least intrusive Power Analysis written by Dong Luo and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faults indicate degradation or sudden failure of equipment in a system. Widely existing in heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, faults always lead to inefficient energy consumption, undesirable indoor air conditions, and even damage to the mechanical components. Continuous monitoring of the system and analysis of faults and their major effects are therefore crucial to identifying the faults at the early stage and making decisions for repair. This requires the method of fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) not only to be sensitive and reliable but also to cause minimal interruption to the system's operation at low cost. However, based on additional sensors for the specific information of each component or black-box modeling, current work of fault detection and diagnosis introduces too much interruption to the system's normal operation associated with sensor installation at unacceptable cost or requires a long time of parameter training. To solve these problems, this thesis first defines and makes major innovations to a change detection algorithm, the generalized likelihood ratio (GLR), to extract useful information from the system's total power data. Then in order to improve the quality of detection and simplify the training of the power models, appropriate multi-rate sampling and filtering techniques are designed for the change detector. From the detected variations in the total power, the performance at the system's level is examined and general problems associated with unstable control and on/off cycling can be identified. With the information that are basic to common HVAC systems, power functions are established for the major components, which help to obtain more reliable detection and more accurate estimation of the systems' energy consumption. In addition, a method for the development of expert rules based on semantic analysis is set up for fault diagnosis . Power models at both system and component levels developed in this thesis have been successfully applied to tests in real buildings and provide a systematic way for FDD in HVAC systems at low cost and with minimal interruption to systems' operation.

Download or read book Data driven Whole Building Fault Detection and Diagnosis written by Yimin Chen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residential and commercial buildings are responsible for more than 40% of the primary energy consumption in the United States. Energy wastes are estimated to reach 15% to 30% of total energy consumption due to malfunctioning sensors, components, and control systems, as well as degrading components in Heating, Ventilation, Air-conditioning (HVAC) systems and lighting systems in commercial buildings in the U.S. Studies have demonstrated that a large energy saving can be achieved by automated fault detection and diagnosis (AFDD) followed by corrections. Field studies have shown that, AFDD tools can help to reach energy savings by 5-30% from different systems such as HVAC systems, lighting systems, and refrigeration systems. At the same time, the deployment of AFDD tools can also significantly improve indoor air quality, reduce peak demand, and lower pollution. In buildings, many components or equipment are closely coupled in a HVAC system. Because of the coupling, a fault happening in one component might propagate and affect other components or subsystems. In this study, a whole building fault (WBF) is defined as a fault that occurs in one component or equipment but causes fault impacts (abnormalities) on other components and subsystems, or causes significant impacts on energy consumption and/or indoor air quality. Over the past decades, extensive research have been conducted on the development of component AFDD methods and tools. However, whole building AFDD methods, which can detect and diagnose a WBF, have not been well studied. Existing component level AFDD solutions often fail to detect a WBF or generate a high false alarm rate. Isolating a WBF is also very challenging by using component level AFDD solutions. Even with the extensive research, cost-effectiveness and scalability of existing AFDD methods are still not satisfactory. Therefore, the focus of this research is to develop cost-effective and scalable solutions for WBF AFDD. This research attempts to integrate data-driven methods with expert knowledge/rules to overcome the above-mentioned challenges. A suite of WBF AFDD methods have hence been developed, which include: 1) a weather and schedule based pattern matching method and feature based Principal Component Analysis (WPM-FPCA) method for whole building fault detection. The developed WPM-FPCA method successfully overcome the challenges such as the generation of accurate and dynamic baseline and data dimensionality reduction. And 2) a data-driven and expert knowledge/rule based method using both Bayesian Network (BN) and WPM for WBF diagnosis. The developed WPM-BN method includes a two-layer BN structure model and BN parameter model which are either learned from baseline data or developed from expert knowledge. Various WBFs have been artificially implemented in a real demo building. Building operation data which include baseline data, data that contain naturally-occurred faults and artificially implemented faults are collected and analyzed. Using the collected real building data, the developed methods are evaluated. The evaluation demonstrates the efficacy of the developed methods to detect and diagnose a WBF, as well as their implementation cost-effectiveness.

Download or read book Advanced Automated HVAC Fault Detection and Diagnostics Commercialization Program written by Donald Frey and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Real Time Simulation of HVAC Systems for Building Optimisation Fault Detection and Diagnostics written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Model Based Fault Diagnosis Techniques written by Steven X. Ding and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-20 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guaranteeing a high system performance over a wide operating range is an important issue surrounding the design of automatic control systems with successively increasing complexity. As a key technology in the search for a solution, advanced fault detection and identification (FDI) is receiving considerable attention. This book introduces basic model-based FDI schemes, advanced analysis and design algorithms, and mathematical and control-theoretic tools. This second edition of Model-Based Fault Diagnosis Techniques contains: • new material on fault isolation and identification and alarm management; • extended and revised treatment of systematic threshold determination for systems with both deterministic unknown inputs and stochastic noises; • addition of the continuously-stirred tank heater as a representative process-industrial benchmark; and • enhanced discussion of residual evaluation which now deals with stochastic processes. Model-based Fault Diagnosis Techniques will interest academic researchers working in fault identification and diagnosis and as a text it is suitable for graduate students in a formal university-based course or as a self-study aid for practising engineers working with automatic control or mechatronic systems from backgrounds as diverse as chemical process and power engineering.

Download or read book Real Time Simulation of HVAC Systems for Building Optimisation Fault Detection and Diagnostics written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Building Energy Simulation written by Vishal Garg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-17 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Building Energy Simulation includes studies of various components and systems of buildings and their effect on energy consumption, with the help of DesignBuilderTM, a front-end for the EnergyPlus simulation engine, supported by examples and exercises. The book employs a "learning by doing" methodology. It explains simulation-input parameters and how-to-do analysis of the simulation output, in the process explaining building physics and energy simulation. Divided into three sections, it covers the fundamentals of energy simulation followed by advanced topics in energy simulation and simulation for compliance with building codes and detailed case studies for comprehensive building energy simulation. Features: Focuses on learning building energy simulation while being interactive through examples and exercises. Explains the building physics and the science behind the energy performance of buildings. Encourages an integrated design approach by explaining the interactions between various building systems and their effect on energy performance of building. Discusses a how-to model for building energy code compliance including three projects to practice whole building simulation. Provides hands-on training of building energy simulation tools: DesignBuilderTM and EnergyPlus. Includes practical projects problems, appendices and CAD files in the e-resources section. Building Energy Simulation is intended for students and researchers in building energy courses, energy simulation professionals, and architects.

Download or read book Fault Detection and Diagnosis of Electro mechanical Systems Based on Real time Data written by Yue Chao and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of our research is to build a computer-based system that utilized real-time operating data to detect and diagnose malfunction in electro-mechanical systems. The methodology is to use assessment chart, which uses small number of data and control chart, to evaluate the performance of mechanical system. This method can be applied to a subsystem or be extended to the entire electro-mechanical systems. In order to achieve our research goal, our system is implemented in the following steps: 1) build a model which can characterize a mechanical system, 2) review the expert experience and control strategy of such a mechanical system to establish the assessment chart based FDD system, 3) monitor the actual status of the system in real time to assure the system is operating efficiently, and 4) make decision on the collected real-time data to detect any abnormality in the performance of the target system. This approach is applied to a real building HVAC system with genuine data. The result of our experiment shows that our strategy successfully detects most of faults introduced in the building system.

Download or read book Fault Detection and Diagnosis on HVAC System Using Knowledge Based Expert System written by Yunfeng Xiao and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Dictionary of Business Research Methods written by John Duignan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-18 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This accessible new dictionary provides clear and authoritative definitions of terms, approaches, and techniques in the area of business research methods. It covers research philosophies including research design and qualitative and quantitative methods, types of data and data collection techniques, and organizing and reporting research finding. It is an invaluable resource for students, academics, and professionals learning about research methods as part of a business degree, and undertaking research in many fields including sociology, psychology, and marketing.