Download or read book When Computers Were Human written by David Alan Grier and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.

Download or read book A History of the American People written by Paul Johnson and published by Harper. This book was released on 1998-02-17 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The creation of the United States of America is the greatest of all human adventures," begins Paul Johnson's remarkable new American history. "No other national story holds such tremendous lessons, for the American people themselves and for the rest of mankind." Johnson's history is a reinterpretation of American history from the first settlements to the Clinton administration. It covers every aspect of U.S. history--politics; business and economics; art, literature and science; society and customs; complex traditions and religious beliefs. The story is told in terms of the men and women who shaped and led the nation and the ordinary people who collectively created its unique character. Wherever possible, letters, diaries, and recorded conversations are used to ensure a sense of actuality. "The book has new and often trenchant things to say about every aspect and period of America's past," says Johnson, "and I do not seek, as some historians do, to conceal my opinions." Johnson's history presents John Winthrop, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, Cotton Mather, Franklin, Tom Paine, Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Hamilton, and Madison from a fresh perspective. It emphasizes the role of religion in American history and how early America was linked to England's history and culture and includes incisive portraits of Andrew Jackson, Chief Justice Marshall, Clay, Lincoln, and Jefferson Davis. Johnson shows how Grover Cleveland and Teddy Roosevelt ushered in the age of big business and industry and how Woodrow Wilson revolutionized the government's role. He offers new views of Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover and of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal and his role as commander in chief during World War II. An examination of the unforeseen greatness of Harry Truman and reassessments of Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Reagan, and Bush follow. "Compulsively readable," said Foreign Affairs of Johnson's unique narrative skills and sharp profiles of people. This is an in-depth portrait of a great people, from their fragile origins through their struggles for independence and nationhood, their heroic efforts and sacrifices to deal with the `organic sin' of slavery and the preservation of the Union to its explosive economic growth and emergence as a world power and its sole superpower. Johnson discusses such contemporary topics as the politics of racism, education, Vietnam, the power of the press, political correctness, the growth of litigation, and the rising influence of women. He sees Americans as a problem-solving people and the story of America as "essentially one of difficulties being overcome by intelligence and skill, by faith and strength of purpose, by courage and persistence...Looking back on its past, and forward to its future, the auguries are that it will not disappoint humanity." This challenging narrative and interpretation of American history by the author of many distinguished historical works is sometimes controversial and always provocative. Johnson's views of individuals, events, themes, and issues are original, critical, and admiring, for he is, above all, a strong believer in the history and the destiny of the American people.

Download or read book Cyclop dia of Political Science Political Economy and of the Political History of the United States Abdication Duty written by John Joseph Lalor and published by . This book was released on 1883 with total page 874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom written by Andrew Dickson White and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Dictionary of Literary and Thematic Terms written by Edward Quinn and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers more than eight hundred and fifty contemporary literary terms and themes from different fields, including literature, film, television, psychology, and history.

Download or read book History of the Jews in America written by Peter Wiernik and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A History of Old Kinderhook from Aboriginal Days to the Present Time written by Edward Augustus Collier and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book History Of Lehigh County Pennsylvania And A Genealogical And Biographical Record Of Its Families Volume Ii written by Charles Rhoads Roberts and published by Alpha Edition. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been considered by academicians and scholars of great significance and value to literature. This forms a part of the knowledge base for future generations. So that the book is never forgotten we have represented this book in a print format as the same form as it was originally first published. Hence any marks or annotations seen are left intentionally to preserve its true nature.

Download or read book History of Lexington Kentucky written by George Washington Ranck and published by Dalcassian Publishing Company. This book was released on 1872-01-01 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History of Lexington, Kentucky : its early annals and recent progress, including biographical sketches and personal reminiscences of the pioneer settlers, notices of prominent citizens, etc., etc.

Download or read book 26th Pennsylvania Emergency Infantry written by Samuel Whitaker Pennypacker and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book History of Chautauqua County New York from Its First Settlement to the Present Time with Numerous Biographical and Family Sketches written by Andrew W 1802-1877 Young and published by Franklin Classics Trade Press. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Download or read book American Biography written by William Richard Cutter and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cherokee Editor written by Elias Boudinot and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects most of the writings published by the accomplished Cherokee leader Elias Boudinot, founding editor of the "Cherokee Phoenix". Mentions: Moravians, Spring Place, GA and missions.

Download or read book The Little Brown Book of Anecdotes written by Clifton Fadiman and published by Hachette+ORM. This book was released on 2009-10-31 with total page 1322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A book compiled of anecdotes from other collections, arranged under the name of the person they're about.

Download or read book Civil War America written by Paul Johnson and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these masterful essays drawn from his New York Times bestsellers A History of the American People and Heroes, one of the world's most renowned and respected historians explores what is arguably the most important chapter in the annals of America: the Civil War. Enlivened with the author's trademark scholarship, verve, and intelligence, this vivid, concise history revisits the conflict that tore a nation asunder and provides portraits of the people who played essential roles in the bloody drama. Johnson's Civil War America examines the factors that led to the devastating rift in the years before the fighting—and recounts the troubled healing a wounded nation underwent in the years after the final shot was fired.

Download or read book The Birth Of The Modern written by Paul Johnson and published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic study of fifteen crucial years in the formation of the modern world The Birth of the Modern has established itself as a new kind of historical work - an examination of the way the matrix of the modern world was formed. Paul Johnson, one of today's most popular historians, takes fifteen critical years and subjects them to a fascinatingly detailed analysis: their geopolitics and politics, their cultural and intellectual life, their technology and science. He investigates every area of life, in every corner of the world. And he makes of this huge variety of elements a coherent narrative, told through the lives and actual words of the age's people - outstanding and ordinary - so that the reader feels he was there.

Download or read book Outline of the History of Old St Paul s Church Philadelphia Pennsylvania With an Appeal for Its Preservation Together With Articles of Agreement Abstract of Title List of Rectors Vestrymen and Inscriptions of Tombstones and Vaults written by Norris Stanley Barratt and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical and architectural study of St. Paul's Church, a historic Episcopal church in Philadelphia, written by Norris Stanley Barratt, a local historian and preservationist. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.