Download or read book The Pope and Mussolini written by David I. Kertzer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The compelling story of Pope Pius XI's secret relations with Benito Mussolini. A ground-breaking work, based on seven years of research in the Vatican and Fascist archives by US National Book Award-finalist David Kertzer, it will forever change our understanding of the Vatican's role in the rise of Fascism in Europe.
Download or read book Rome in America written by Peter R. D'Agostino and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2005-12-15 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For years, historians have argued that Catholicism in the United States stood decisively apart from papal politics in European society. The Church in America, historians insist, forged an "American Catholicism," a national faith responsive to domestic concerns, disengaged from the disruptive ideological conflicts of the Old World. Drawing on previously unexamined documents from Italian state collections and newly opened Vatican archives, Peter D'Agostino paints a starkly different portrait. In his narrative, Catholicism in the United States emerges as a powerful outpost within an international church that struggled for three generations to vindicate the temporal claims of the papacy within European society. Even as they assimilated into American society, Catholics of all ethnicities participated in a vital, international culture of myths, rituals, and symbols that glorified papal Rome and demonized its liberal, Protestant, and Jewish opponents. From the 1848 attack on the Papal States that culminated in the creation of the Kingdom of Italy to the Lateran Treaties in 1929 between Fascist Italy and the Vatican that established Vatican City, American Catholics consistently rose up to support their Holy Father. At every turn American liberals, Protestants, and Jews resisted Catholics, whose support for the papacy revealed social boundaries that separated them from their American neighbors.
Download or read book The Vatican and Mussolini s Italy written by Lucia Ceci and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-10-05 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lucia Ceci reconstructs the relationship between the Catholic Church and Fascism. New sources from the Vatican Archives throw fresh light on individual aspects of this complex relationship: the accession of Mussolini to power, the war in Ethiopia, the racial laws, the comparison between Pius XI and Pius XII. This book offers a comprehensive reconstruction of this encounter, explaining the criteria that led Catholics to support a dictatorial, warmongering and racist regime. In contrast to the traditional periodization, the history begins with the childhood of Mussolini in the final years of the nineteenth century, and ends with the sudden collapse of his puppet regime, in 1945. This means to some extent placing in a different light the exceptional nature of the ventennio. The Italian original L’interesse superiore, Il Vaticano e l’Italia di Mussolini has won the “Friuli Storia” Prize for Studies of Contemporary History.
Download or read book Catholicism and Fascism in Europe 1918 1945 written by Jan Nelis and published by Georg Olms Verlag. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Die im vorliegenden Band versammelten Aufsätze analysieren die vielfältige Art und Weise, wie der Vatikan, die nationalen Kirchen und einzelne Katholiken mit dem Aufstieg der extremen Rechten in Europa während der 1920er, 1930er und frühen 1940er Jahre umgingen, vom Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs, der mit Recht als einer der wichtigsten Katalysatoren des europäischen Faschismus in der Zwischenkriegszeit gilt, bis zum Schluss und zu den unmittelbaren Nachwirkungen des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Während einige Aufsätze sich auf theoretische, methodologische Probleme konzentrieren, beschäftigen sich die meisten Beiträge mit jeweils einem Land oder einer Region, wo eine faschistische Bewegung oder ein solches Regime zwischen den Kriegen und während des Zweiten Weltkriegs erfolgreich war, und wo es gleichzeitig eine signifikante katholische Präsenz in der Gesellschaft gab. Fast ganz Europa wird behandelt – ein beispielloses Unternehmen - , und eine große Zahl wichtiger Kontexte und Methoden wird untersucht. So wirken die Beiträge mit an der allgemeinen Entwicklung eines interpretativen ‚Cluster‘-Modells, das eine Reihe von Grundmustern der Forschung vereinigt und zukünftige Untersuchungen anregen wird. The papers presented in this volume analyse the many ways in which the Vatican, national Churches and individual catholics dealt with the rise of the extreme right in Europe throughout the 1920s, 1930s and early 1940s, from the end of the First World War, arguably one of the main catalysts of European interwar fascism, to the conclusion and immediate aftermath of the Second World War. While a number of papers focus primarily on theoretical, methodological issues pertaining to the book’s general theme, the majority of papers focus on either a country or region where a fascist movement or regime flourished between the wars and during the Second World War, and where there was a significant catholic presence in society. The various chapters cover almost the entire European continent – an endeavour that is unprecedented –, and they explore a wide range of relevant contexts and methodologies, thus further contributing to the general development of an interpretive ‘cluster’ model that incorporates a series of investigative matrixes, and that will hopefully inspire future research.
Download or read book A Twentieth Century Crusade written by Giuliana Chamedes and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-17 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive history of the Vatican’s agenda to defeat the forces of secular liberalism and communism through international law, cultural diplomacy, and a marriage of convenience with authoritarian and right-wing rulers. After the United States entered World War I and the Russian Revolution exploded, the Vatican felt threatened by forces eager to reorganize the European international order and cast the Church out of the public sphere. In response, the papacy partnered with fascist and right-wing states as part of a broader crusade that made use of international law and cultural diplomacy to protect European countries from both liberal and socialist taint. A Twentieth-Century Crusade reveals that papal officials opposed Woodrow Wilson’s international liberal agenda by pressing governments to sign concordats assuring state protection of the Church in exchange for support from the masses of Catholic citizens. These agreements were implemented in Mussolini’s Italy and Hitler’s Germany, as well as in countries like Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. In tandem, the papacy forged a Catholic International—a political and diplomatic foil to the Communist International—which spread a militant anticommunist message through grassroots organizations and new media outlets. It also suppressed Catholic antifascist tendencies, even within the Holy See itself. Following World War II, the Church attempted to mute its role in strengthening fascist states, as it worked to advance its agenda in partnership with Christian Democratic parties and a generation of Cold War warriors. The papal mission came under fire after Vatican II, as Church-state ties weakened and antiliberalism and anticommunism lost their appeal. But—as Giuliana Chamedes shows in her groundbreaking exploration—by this point, the Vatican had already made a lasting mark on Eastern and Western European law, culture, and society.
Download or read book God and the Fascists written by Karlheinz Deschner and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now available in English for the first time, a controversial work that indicts the Vatican for its actions before and during World War II. In the decade preceding the outbreak of World War II, the Vatican made a devil's bargain with fascist leaders. Anticipating that their regimes would eliminate a common enemy--namely Marxist-Leninist communism--two popes essentially collaborated with Hitler, Mussolini, and the fascist dictators in Spain (Franco) and Croatia (Pavelić). This is the damning indictment of this well-researched polemic, which for almost five decades in Germany has sparked controversy, outrage, and furious debate. Now it is available in English for the first time. Many will dismiss Deschner--who himself was raised and educated in a pious Catholic tradition--as someone who is obsessed with exposing the failings of the church of his upbringing. But he has marshaled so many facts and presented them with such painstaking care that his accusations cannot easily be ignored. The sheer weight of the evidence that he has brought together in this book raises a host of questions about a powerful institution that continues to exercise political influence to this day.
Download or read book Catholic Modern written by James Chappel and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catholic antimodern, 1920-1929 -- Anti-communism and paternal Catholicism, 1929-1944 -- Anti-fascism and fraternal Catholicism, 1929-1944 -- Rebuilding Christian Europe, 1944-1950 -- Christian democracy and Catholic innovation in the long 1950s -- The return of heresy in the global 1960s
Download or read book Bishop von Galen written by Beth A. Griech-Polelle and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clemens August Graf von Galen, Bishop of Münster from 1933 until his death in 1946, is renowned for his opposition to Nazism, most notably for his public preaching in 1941 against Hitler’s euthanasia project to rid the country of sick, elderly, mentally retarded, and disabled Germans. This provocative and revisionist biographical study of von Galen views him from a different perspective: as a complex figure who moved between dissent and complicity during the Nazi regime, opposing certain elements of National Socialism while choosing to remain silent on issues concerning discrimination, deportation, and the murder of Jews. Beth Griech-Polelle places von Galen in the context of his times, describing how the Catholic Church reacted to various Nazi policies, how the anti-Catholic legislation of the Kulturkampf shaped the repertoire of resistance tactics of northwestern German Catholics, and how theological interpretations were used to justify resistance and/or collaboration. She discloses the reasons for von Galen’s public denunciation of the euthanasia project and the ramifications of his openly defiant stance. She reveals how the bishop portrayed Jews and what that depiction meant for Jews living in Nazi Germany. Finally she investigates the creation of the image of von Galen as “Grand Churchman-Resister” and discusses the implications of this for the myth of Catholic conservative “resistance” constructed in post-1945 Germany.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Fascism written by R. J. B. Bosworth and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this Handbook, written by an international team of distinguished scholars, combine to explore the way in which fascism is understood by contemporary scholarship, as well as pointing to areas of continuing dispute and discussion. From a focus on Italy as, chronologically at least, the 'first Fascist nation', the contributors cover a wide range of countries, from Nazi Germany and the comparison with Soviet Communism to fascism in Yugoslavia and its successor states. The book also examines the roots of fascism before 1914 and its survival, whether in practice or in memory, after 1945. The analysis looks at both fascist ideas and practice, and at the often uneasy relationship between the two. The book is not designed to provide any final answers to the fascist problem and no quick definition emerges from its pages. Readers will rather find there historical debate. On appropriate occasions, the authors disagree with each other and have not been forced into any artificial 'consensus', offering readers the chance to engage with the debates over a phenomenon that, more than any other single factor, led humankind into the catastrophe of the Second World War.
Download or read book American Fascists written by Chris Hedges and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the celebrated author of "War Is a Force That Gives Us Meaning" comes a startling expos of the political ambitions of the Christian Right--a clarion call for everyone who cares about freedom.
Download or read book The Popes against the Protestants written by Kevin Madigan and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of the alliance between the Catholic Church and the Italian Fascist regime in their campaign against Protestants Based on previously undisclosed archival materials, this book tells the fascinating, untold, and troubling story of an anti-Protestant campaign in Italy that lasted longer, consumed more clerical energy and cultural space, and generated far more literature than the war against Italy’s Jewish population. Because clerical leaders in Rome were seeking to build a new Catholic world in the aftermath of the Great War, Protestants embodied a special menace, and were seen as carriers of dangers like heresy, secularism, modernity, and Americanism—as potent threats to the Catholic precepts that were the true foundations of Italian civilization, values, and culture. The pope and cardinals framed the threat of evangelical Christianity as a peril not only to the Catholic Church but to the fascist government as well, recruiting some very powerful fascist officials to their cause. This important book is the first full account of this dangerous alliance.
Download or read book Catholicism and Fascism in Europe 1918 1945 written by Jan Nelis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers presented in this volume analyse the many ways in which the Vatican, national Churches and individual catholics dealt with the rise of the extreme right in Europe throughout the 1920s, 1930s and early 1940s, from the end of the First World War, arguably one of the main catalysts of European interwar fascism, to the conclusion and immediate aftermath of the Second World War. While a number of papers focus primarily on theoretical, methodological issues pertaining to the book's general theme, the majority of papers focus on either a country or region where a fascist movement or regime flourished between the wars and during the Second World War, and where there was a significant catholic presence in society. The various chapters cover almost the entire European continent - an endeavour that is unprecedented -, and they explore a wide range of relevant contexts and methodologies, thus further contributing to the general development of an interpretive 'cluster' model that incorporates a series of investigative matrixes, and that will hopefully inspire future research.
Download or read book The Vatican and Italian Fascism 1929 32 written by John F. Pollard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-11-17 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the relations between the Vatican and the Fascist regime in Italy during the period 1929-1932. The author sets out what he believes to be the long-term consequences of the 1931 crisis, and in so doing challenges a number of previously accepted interpretations.
Download or read book The Conflicted Relationships of the American Catholic Church with European Fascism written by Jason M. Surmiller and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faced with European Fascism, the American Catholic Church had no choice but to react to the changing political realities taking place in Europe and Latin America during the 1920s and 1930s. Because of fascist control over the Vatican and the German Catholic Church, the words and actions of bishops, priests, laymen and the Catholic press in the United States revealed a distinctly American force that championed to the world American-style freedoms prior to World War II. Yet, this support took time to become a reality. Originally, many in the U.S. Church openly and enthusiastically supported Benito Mussolini and Francisco Franco because of their stance against the Church's great enemy, communism. However, this support would erode as the U.S. Church united itself with the U.S. government in its campaign to confront Hitler and his allies. Still, even after the rise of Hitler, the Church had to battle against supporters of Hitler's racist ideology, led by the Detroit priest Fr. Charles Coughlin. Studying the U.S. Church and its members during this period, separate and apart from the rest of the Catholic Church, offers a new way of understanding the inner workings of the Church. While the American Church had an intimate connection to the Vatican, Pope Pius XII, and the German Church, it had a semi-autonomous leadership structure that responded differently to the fascist crisis. Unlike the Vatican and German Church, the American Church was much freer to express its opinions about fascism and react against it. The Church in the U.S. also had a friendly American government willing to work with it, while at the same time the Church was hopping to ingratiate itself with President Roosevelt and his administration. The American Catholic Church during the inter-war years not only represented Catholicism but also stood for America.
Download or read book Between Pope and Duce written by Richard J. Wolff and published by Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers. This book was released on 1990 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between Pope and Duce: Catholic Students in Fascist Italy traces the fascinating history of young Catholic intellectuals in Italy under Fascism. It is a complex story of courageous resistance to Fascist pressures and periodic willing collaboration. Despite Mussolini's efforts to thoroughly «fascistize» Italy's youth, a significant minority of university students, thanks to the Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana, remained resistant to all but the most generic Fascist appeals. In the process, the leadership of the postwar Christian Democratic party was nurtured and its relationship with the Catholic Church solidified.
Download or read book Behind the Dictators written by Leo Herbert Lehmann and published by New York : Agora Pub.. This book was released on 1942 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cry of the People written by Penny Lernoux and published by Doubleday Books. This book was released on 1980 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
