Download or read book Falls Prevention Education for Older Patients Designed Using the Health Belief Model written by Anne-Marie Hill and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background Falls in hospital are a substantial problem for older patients and for health care systems. Falls account for more than 40% of reported adverse events in hospitals, and are three times more likely to be injurious than falls among community dwelling people. In-hospital falls are also associated with poorer rehabilitation outcomes, prolonged length of stay, increased health costs and risk of requiring residential care. A small number of randomised controlled trials of multifactorial interventions have produced conflicting results. These interventions had some effect in reducing falls, but are difficult to replicate and the relative effectiveness of each component is unknown. There is limited evidence for preventing falls in high risk cohorts of the older population after hospital discharge and only a few studies have reported rates of falls during this period. Review of the literature indicated two key areas that warranted further investigation. First, the effect of providing patient education to reduce falls in hospital was unknown, although research findings in the community suggested that falls prevention programmes are limited by low levels of patient adherence. Second, there were sparse data about falls rates and falls prevention in the post discharge period. Aims The aim of this thesis was to examine whether falls prevention patient education could be designed and delivered using a theoretical model of health behaviour change, the Health Belief Model (HBM). The studies examine the sustained effect of providing inpatient education on falls rates following discharge and investigate risk factors for falls in the population after discharge. Secondary aims were to investigate whether the constructs of the HBM could be used to explain older people's awareness of and knowledge about falls, and their engagement in falls prevention strategies after hospital discharge. Methods The education materials were evaluated by conducting a randomised trial (n=100) in a population of older hospital patients. The materials were designed and delivered using the constructs of the HBM and principles of adult education. An observational study (n=343) also followed up participants, who were enrolled in a multi-site randomised controlled trial, to examine the effect of inpatient education on rates of falls in the six months after discharge. Risk factors for falls, patients' self-perceived risk of falls, knowledge about falls prevention and engagement in exercise after leaving hospital were investigated. Results The education achieved key changes in participants' awareness, self-perceived risk and knowledge about falls, and their self-efficacy to engage in falls prevention behaviours. However providing inpatient education did not have a sustained effect in reducing falls rates in the six months after discharge. Falls rates in the cohort, including injurious falls rates, were increased for six months following discharge when compared to the general community population. Forty percent of participants fell and over 50% of these sustained an injurious fall. Three protective interactions: receiving assistance with Activities of daily living if a participant had depressed mood at discharge, receiving assistance with Activities of daily living if the participant had fallen in the six months prior to hospital admission and being a male participant with a visual impairment, lowered the risk of falls outcomes. Participants were found to have low levels of knowledge about suitable falls prevention strategies to use after discharge and only 35% were engaging in exercise when surveyed at six months post discharge. Those participants who believed that they were at risk of sustaining a serious injury if they fell were significantly more likely to be engaging in exercise. Discussion This research programme was the first to investigate older patients' response to falls prevention education designed using the HBM. The constructs of the HBM, utilised with adult education principles, were effectively applied to design and delivery of falls prevention education for older patients. The HBM was a suitable model of health behaviour change to explain older people's attitudes towards and knowledge of falls, and engagement in exercise following discharge. The results of the research also demonstrate for the first time that older people are at increased risk of sustaining a fall and falls-related injury in the six months after leaving hospital. Feedback provided by older people in this study suggests that low levels of knowledge and adherence to falls prevention strategies may contribute to falls risk in this population. Identification of risk factors for falls in the post discharge period highlighted that receiving assistance with ADL reduces falls risk and injurious falls risk in high risk cohorts of the post discharge population, including participants who had a history of previous falls. Conclusion An educational intervention designed using the HBM improved older people's awareness and knowledge of falls and falls prevention strategies and enhanced their self-efficacy to engage in falls preventive behaviours. Older people were at increased risk of falls after hospital discharge but had low levels of knowledge about how to reduce falls risk and low levels of engagement in exercise. Future research should develop and evaluate interventions that are specifically targeted to this population.

Download or read book Implementing a Modified Otago Exercise Program for Fall Prevention Using the Health Belief Model for Communty dwelling Seniors in the Senior Center Setting written by Theodora Barenholtz and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the implementation of a fall prevention exercise program for community-dwelling seniors based on a behavior change component using the Health Belief Model (HBM) was studied. The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) was administered to groups of seniors in three senior center settings for five sessions over eight weeks with a follow-up at 12 weeks. The study design was a quasi-experimental, nonrandomized control group with blinded pre-test and post-test. The primary outcome was balance ability, measured using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The secondary outcomes were attitudes toward fall prevention using a survey based on the HBM constructs. The study hypothesis was that the OEP with behavior change based on the HBM would yield a more significant increase in the BBS score than the OEP group without the behavior change component. The results retained the null hypothesis, and there was not a significant difference between the groups. Both the OEP group and the OEP + HBM group experienced a significant improvement in balance as measured by the BBS. There was no significant change in attitudes as measured by the survey for the intervention group. The clinical importance of this study was the investigation of a novel approach to implementing a fall prevention exercise program. The study indicates that as few as five sessions of group fall prevention exercises can achieve significant improvements in balance for community-dwelling seniors.

Download or read book Community dwelling Older Adults Adherence to Fall Prevention Recommendations written by Suzänne Fleming Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Falling among older adults is a leading cause of concern due to the known impacts including physical injury, loss of independence, increased health care costs, and mortality. In efforts to decrease the numbers of falls experienced by older adults, healthcare providers assess individuals' fall risks and provide corresponding fall prevention recommendations. The effectiveness however, of these recommendations, is only as strong as the level of adherence to those recommendations; which has proven low in recent research. Using the theoretical foundation of the Health Belief Model, this study quantified adherence to environmental fall prevention recommendations. Twenty-two community-dwelling older adults participated in this randomized control group study that took place across three home visits, scheduled approximately 30 days apart. Participants were interviewed regarding their recent falls and perceived susceptibility to future falls; then a home evaluation was conducted. Treatment group participants were provided personalized education explaining how and why environmental fall prevention recommendations were important to decrease their risk of falls while control group participants were provided general recommendations. A two-sample t-test for independent groups determined a statistically significant relationship: participants who received personalized education intervention were more likely to follow recommendations than those who received general education intervention. Multiple regressions were conducted to review relationships between an individual's recent falls, and their perceived susceptibility to future falls, with their extent of adherence with fall prevention recommendations. No statistically significant relationship was found. This study suggests that providing personalized education for community-dwelling older adults regarding environmental fall prevention recommendations increases their extent of adherence with such recommendations.

Download or read book EVIDENCE BASED GUIDELINES OF F written by Man-Wai Law and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Evidence-based Guidelines of Fall Prevention Programme for Hospitalized Older Patients" by Man-wai, Law, 羅敏慧, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Background: Falls are one of the most common and serious problems facing the elderly and are known to be associated with significant mortality, morbidity, decreased functioning and premature institutionalization. In Hong Kong, the prevalence of falls among community-dwelling older adults is 19.3%. Moreover, the incidence of falls among older people in institutions is almost three times the fall rates for the community-dwelling elderly. Institutional falls are regarded as common adverse events in hospitalized older patients. Significant mortality, morbidity and healthcare costs associated with institutional falls led institutions to recognize falls as a high-priority safety risk for hospitalized patients. This demonstrated the significance of providing the health care providers with an evidenced-based practice guideline of an effective multifactorial fall prevention programme in order to prevent in-patient falls. Objectives: The objectives of the study are to systematically review and present the best evidence for the effectiveness of multifactorial fall prevention interventions in reducing falls in hospitals, to translate the reviewed evidence and to develop evidence-based practice guidelines for the multifactorial fall prevention programme as well as to develop a plan for implementing and evaluating the multifactorial fall prevention programme. Methods: The relevant literature was searched by several electronic databases. The related literature was then retrieved, reviewed and synthesized. The quality assessment of the studies was performed according to the methodological checklist for controlled trials designed by the Scottish intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN). Evidenced-based practice guidelines for the multifactorial fall prevention programme were then synthesized according to the findings of the reviewed literature, while the implementation potential being assessed in terms of transferability, feasibility and the cost-benefit ratio. Results: Five studies were identified according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria set. "Evidence-based guidelines of fall prevention programme for hospitalized older patients" were formulated based on the review of the selected studies. Fourteen recommendations of the evidence-based guidelines are formulated and graded according to the grading system of Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). The evidence-based recommendations can offer nurses and other health care professionals the standards and strategies required for implementing multifactorial fall risk assessment and multifactorial fall prevention interventions, including environmental modifications, knowledge, medication reviews and exercise. A communication plan for various parties in hospitals including a pilot test for determining the feasibility of the innovation and an evaluation plan to determine the effectiveness of the fall prevention programme were subsequently developed. Conclusion: This study reviewed evidence for the effectiveness of the multifactorial fall prevention programme in reducing the incidence of falls, translated the reviewed evidence and developed evidence-based guidelines for a multifactorial fall prevention programme, which can provide the health care practitioners with an evidence-based approach in fall risk assessment and management so as to prevent in-patient falls. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5088408 Subjects: Fa

Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/

Download or read book Analyzing and Interpreting Qualitative Research written by Charles Vanover and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2021-04-08 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the expertise of major names in the field, this text provides comprehensive coverage of the key methods for analyzing, interpreting, and writing up qualitative research in a single volume.

Download or read book Using an Online Learning Module in a Nursing Program to Improve Knowledge and Skills to Prevent Falls in the Community Dwelling Older Adult Population written by Susan Kane Patton and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nationally, 28.4% of older adults fall each year. Falls and resulting injury result in decreased mobility, functional impairment, loss of independence, and increased mortality. Utilization of evidence based protocols by providers to identify older adults at risk of falling is limited and rates of participation by older adults in prevention activities is low. Because of nursing's increasing role in caring for older adults, development of fall prevention education for nursing students would result in increased awareness of the need for fall prevention in community dwelling older adults and increased access of older adults to falls risk assessment. There is a need to extend research to inform teaching and learning strategies for fall prevention. After pretesting, a convenience sample of 52 BSN students and 20 graduate nursing students completed an online education program and performed a falls risk assessment on an older adult before completing a posttest and self-efficacy survey. Data were analyzed using multivariate statistical tests. A qualitative approach was used to investigate a subset of student's views about relationships between acquiring knowledge, self-efficacy, and skill mastery and their perceptions of barriers and facilitators to incorporating falls risk assessment into practice. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method to review, code, and categorize data. Results revealed a rise in knowledge and student self-reporting of self-efficacy with falls risk assessment skills. Themes that emerged from semi-structured interviews included nurses are too busy to perform fall risk assessments, the older adult is a barrier, the importance of increasing awareness of falls prevention among nurses, opportunities to address health beliefs of older adults, and need for policies or guidelines. In conclusion, an online program enhanced with opportunity for hands on practice provides an effective environment for learning to use falls risk tools and should be incorporated into nursing education in order to increase older adults' access to fall risk assessment.

Download or read book Adult Learning written by Sharan B. Merriam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solidly grounded in theory and research, but concise and practice-oriented, Adult Learning: Linking Theory and Practice is perfect for master’s-level students and practitioners alike. Sharan Merriam and Laura Bierema have infused each chapter with practical applications for instruction which will help readers personally relate to the material. The contents covers: Adult Learning in Today’s World Traditional Learning Theories Andragogy Self-Directed Learning Transformative Learning Experience and Learning Body and Spirit in Learning Motivation and Learning The Brain and Cognitive Functioning Adult Learning in the Digital Age Critical Thinking and Critical Perspectives Culture and Context Discussion questions and activities for reflection are included at the end of each chapter.

Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.

Download or read book WHO Global Report on Falls Prevention in Older Age written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO Falls Prevention for Active Ageing model provides an action plan for making progress in reducing the prevalence of falls in the older adult population. By building on the three pillars of falls prevention, the model proposes specific strategies for: 1. Building awareness of the importance of falls prevention and treatment; 2. Improving the assessment of individual, environmental, and societal factors that increase the likelihood of falls; and 3. For facilitating the design and implementation of culturally appropriate, evidence-based interventions that will significantly reduce the number of falls among older persons. The model provides strategies and solutions that will require the engagement of multiple sectors of society. It is dependent on and consistent with the vision articulated in the WHO Active Ageing Policy Framework. Although not all of the awareness, assessment, and intervention strategies identified in the model apply equally well in all regions of the world, there are significant evidence-based strategies that can be effectively implemented in all regions and cultures. The degree to which progress will be made depends on to the success in integrating falls prevention strategies into the overall health and social care agendas globally. In order to do this effectively, it is necessary to identify and implement culturally appropriate, evidence-based policies and procedures. This requires multi-sectoral, collaborations, strong commitment to public and professional education, interaction based on evidence drawn from a variety of traditional, complementary, and alternative sources. Although the understanding of the evidence-base is growing, there is much that is not yet understood. Thus, there is an urgent need for continued research in all areas of falls prevention and treatment in order to better understand the scope of the problem worldwide. In particular, more evidence of the cost-effectiveness of interconnections is needed to develop strategies that are most likely to be effective in specific setting and population sub-groups.

Download or read book Theory at a Glance written by Karen Glanz and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Health Behavior written by Karen Glanz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential health behavior text, updated with the latest theories, research, and issues Health Behavior: Theory, Research and Practice provides a thorough introduction to understanding and changing health behavior, core tenets of the public health role. Covering theory, applications, and research, this comprehensive book has become the gold standard of health behavior texts. This new fifth edition has been updated to reflect the most recent changes in the public health field with a focus on health behavior, including coverage of the intersection of health and community, culture, and communication, with detailed explanations of both established and emerging theories. Offering perspective applicable at the individual, interpersonal, group, and community levels, this essential guide provides the most complete coverage of the field to give public health students and practitioners an authoritative reference for both the theoretical and practical aspects of health behavior. A deep understanding of human behaviors is essential for effective public health and health care management. This guide provides the most complete, up-to-date information in the field, to give you a real-world understanding and the background knowledge to apply it successfully. Learn how e-health and social media factor into health communication Explore the link between culture and health, and the importance of community Get up to date on emerging theories of health behavior and their applications Examine the push toward evidence-based interventions, and global applications Written and edited by the leading health and social behavior theorists and researchers, Health Behavior: Theory, Research and Practice provides the information and real-world perspective that builds a solid understanding of how to analyze and improve health behaviors and health.

Download or read book Falls and Their Prevention written by Laurence Z. Rubenstein and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue features such article topics as epidemiology of falls in older adults, exercise for fall prevention, cardiac causes of falls and their treatment, medications and falls, vision and fall prevention, and more.

Download or read book Falls in Older People written by Stephen R. Lord and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first edition of this very successful book was written to synthesise and review the enormous body of work covering falls in older people, there has been an even greater wealth of informative and promising studies designed to increase our understanding of risk factors and prevention strategies. This second edition, first published in 2007, is written in three parts: epidemiology, strategies for prevention, and future research directions. New material includes recent studies covering: balance studies using tripping, slipping and stepping paradigms; sensitivity and depth perception visual risk factors; neurophysiological research on automatic or reflex balance activities; and the roles of syncope, vitamin D, cataract surgery, health and safety education, and exercise programs. This edition will be an invaluable update for clinicians, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, nurses, researchers, and all those working in community, hospital and residential or rehabilitation aged care settings.

Download or read book The Gift of Caring written by Marcy Cottrell Houle and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The desire to help our elders navigate health issues is clear and universal—how to assure proper care and a good ending is not. Combining adroit storytelling skills with expert advice, The Gift of Caring: Saving Our Parents from the Perils of Modern Healthcare brings the reader into all-too-familiar scenarios facing our aging parents and offers answers to questions we may not know to ask until it’s too late. Author and biologist Marcy Houle shares her personal journey of caring for her father, a surgeon, who developed Alzheimer’s, and later her mother, who succumbed to other medical conditions. Like many children of aging parents, Marcy often felt powerless traveling this sad trajectory—watching them fall through the cracks of a fragmented and confusing healthcare system, where professionals often wrote off their symptoms as “just old age.” Not having the understanding of the changes that come with aging, she was led to believe there was nothing she could do to help. The tragic secret? According to coauthor and geriatrics physician Elizabeth Eckstrom, these symptoms frequently are not “just old age.” Rather, the problem is that the current healthcare delivery model for older people is ill-equipped to provide the comprehensive, person-centered care seniors need. Today, thousands of aging people face unnecessary suffering, hospitalizations, nursing home stays, and even death due to complications that could have been prevented or treated. Even more troubling, many healthcare professionals have had little or no training in the care of older adults. The Gift of Caring reveals these pitfalls and provides families with tools they can use to avoid them. Interspersed with every few chapters of Marcy’s riveting story, Dr. Eckstrom shares professional medical insights, compiled from the latest research, into what Marcy could have done to safeguard her parents. She shows us how to navigate the system, how we can become our loved one’s best advocate, and what we need to know to achieve healthy aging and meaningful, compassionate final years. Honest, at times humorous, and ultimately uplifting, The Gift of Caring sheds new light on aging from twin perspectives: a story of a daughter desperately seeking help for the parents she loves, and a geriatrician who gives us the knowledge we need to insist upon a better way.

Download or read book Retooling for an Aging America written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-08-27 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the first of the nation's 78 million baby boomers begin reaching age 65 in 2011, they will face a health care workforce that is too small and woefully unprepared to meet their specific health needs. Retooling for an Aging America calls for bold initiatives starting immediately to train all health care providers in the basics of geriatric care and to prepare family members and other informal caregivers, who currently receive little or no training in how to tend to their aging loved ones. The book also recommends that Medicare, Medicaid, and other health plans pay higher rates to boost recruitment and retention of geriatric specialists and care aides. Educators and health professional groups can use Retooling for an Aging America to institute or increase formal education and training in geriatrics. Consumer groups can use the book to advocate for improving the care for older adults. Health care professional and occupational groups can use it to improve the quality of health care jobs.

Download or read book Occupational Therapy in Community and Population Health Practice written by Marjorie E Scaffa and published by F.A. Davis. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Be prepared for the growing opportunities in community and population health practice with the 3rd Edition of this groundbreaking resource. The New Edition reflects the convergence of community and population health practice with expanded content on health promotion, well-being, and wellness. Drs. Scaffa and Reitz present the theories underpinning occupational therapy practice in community and population health. Then, the authors provide practical guidance in program needs assessment, program development, and program evaluation. Both new practitioners and students will find practice-applicable coverage, including expanded case examples, specific strategies for working in the community, and guidance on securing funding for community and population health programs.