Download or read book Factors that are Related to Reducing Criminal Thinking written by Max T. Lindeman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Criminal Personality written by Samuel Yochelson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1994 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second of a three volume landmark study of the criminal mind. This book describes an intensive therapeutic approach designed to completely change the criminals way of thinking. The authors reject traditional treatment approaches as reinforcing of the criminals sense of being a victim of society. Rather Yochelson and Samenow stress that the criminal must make a choice to give up criminal thinking and learn morality. A Jason Aronson Book
Download or read book Criminal Thinking Styles in Criminals and Non Criminals Social Reasoning Empathy and Control written by Jha Nitesh Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2022-07-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTRODUCTION Criminal behavior has been associated with a number of factors related to one's environment and circumstances. It is also related to the decision making process which is based on person's cognitive processing capabilities. Socialcognition is an approach which tries to understand these cognitive capabilities along with social contexts and situations. The situation, in which a person finds himself, how he perceives and understands his social environment, will all be processed by his cognitive processes. His ability to analyze all this information is dependent on his socio-cognitive skills. People arrive at conclusions based on this information. Hence, this enables us to understand that perhaps more than the social contexts, these socio-cognitive skills are responsible for the way we perceive the world. It can also be stated that deficits in these socio-cognitive skills can therefore lead to criminal behavior. Review states that the kind of thinking styles a person possesses will influence his behavior. Anti-social attitudes and higher levels of criminal thinking styles will predict anti-social behavior in an individual. Moral development theorists suggest that moral reasoning deficits can also lead to criminal behavior. Delays in moral behavior development can predict antisocial behavior in an individual. Psychologists also believe that empathy underlies pro-social behavior and its absence can result in aggressive behaviors. Hence, empathy is considered as a central component of social functioning for maintaining social relationships and for achieving the psychological wellbeing of a person. Locus of control also has a significant role in a person's life as it helps in making choices and decisions. 1.1 CRIME AND CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR Crime and Criminal Behavior are not simple phenomenon to understand and deal with. In legal terms, crime can be defined as an intentional act which violates law of a particular society. According to Tappan (1947), crime can be understood "as an intentional act in violation of the criminal law committed without defence or excuse and penalized by the state as a felony or misdemeanour". Tappan (1960) has defined crime as "an intentional act or omission in violation of criminal law committed without defence or justificatio,
Download or read book Closing the Integration Gap in Criminology written by Glenn D. Walters and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closing the Integration Gap in Criminology: The Case for Criminal Thinking offers a multi -stage model of theory integration that organizes verified risk factors around the construct of criminal thinking to provide an exemplar working paradigm for criminology. In the model, once relevant risk factors have been identified, they are organized into triads —three-variable networks of antecedent, mediating, or moderating effects—and then those triads are combined into clusters of thematically related constructs. While debate continues to rage over how to handle the burgeoning number of theories in criminology, little significant progress has been made in reducing the number of criminological theories. This book argues that theoretical integration is vital to the continued viability of criminological theory and to the growth and development of criminology as a scientific discipline. It posits that criminal thinking may be useful as a core variable in constructing a useful integrated theory for criminology, and maps out a plan for scholars to organize information for further study. The innovative theoretical approach in this book is essential reading for students, academics, and researchers in both criminology and forensic psychology concerned with the reduction of crime via scientific inquiry.
Download or read book Implementing Evidence Based Practices in Community Corrections and Addiction Treatment written by Faye S. Taxman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-20 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Community corrections programs are emerging as an effective alternative to incarceration for drug-involved offenders, to reduce recidivism and improve public health and public safety. Since evidence-based practice is gaining recognition as a success factor in both community systems and substance abuse treatment, a merger of the two seems logical and desirable. But integrating evidence-based addiction treatment into community corrections is no small feat—costs, personnel decisions, and effective, appropriate interventions are all critical considerations. Featuring the first model of implementation strategies linking these fields, Implementing Evidence-Based Practices in Community Corrections and Addiction Treatment sets out criteria for identifying practices and programs as evidence. The book’s detailed blueprint is based on extensive research into organizational factors (e.g., management buy-in) and external forces (e.g., funding, resources) with the most impact on the adoption of evidence-based practices, and implementation issues ranging from skill building to quality control. With this knowledge, organizations can set realistic, attainable goals and achieve treatment outcomes that reflect the evidence base. Included in the coverage: Determining evidence for “what works.” Organization change and technology transfer: theory and literature review. The current state of addiction treatment and community corrections. Unique challenges of evidence-based addiction treatment under community supervision. Assessing suitability of evidence-based practice in real-world settings. A conceptual model for implementing evidence-based treatment in community corrections. Implementing Evidence-Based Practices in Community Corrections and Addiction Treatment is a breakthrough volume for graduate- and postgraduate-level researchers in criminology, as well as policymakers and public health researchers.
Download or read book Adolescent Criminal Thinking ACT written by Beverli B. Mormile and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antisocial thoughts and behaviors have been a widely studied phenomenon for decades (Walters, 2006). Research (Moffitt, 2006) has proposed that adolescent antisocial thinking patterns foreshadow antisocial/criminal behaviors.While there has been increased controversy associated with adolescent development and other factors that place the adolescent at risk for developing antisocial and/or criminal thinking patterns; there are limited interventions available to adolescents that address this worsening problem which impacts all segments of society. The Adolescent Criminal Thinking (ACT) Program utilizes evidenced-based interventions, primarily cognitive-behavioral models to help to promote thought restructuring in the adolescent forensic population. The program's goal is to create cognitive empowerment by instilling awareness of potential risk factors associated with the development of criminal thinking patterns. The program utilizes a variety of components to educate the target population on the effects of antisocial/ criminal thinking. Various multidimensional methods will be utilized to increase effectiveness. These include psychoeducational information, open/guided discussions, video excerpts, cognitive restructuring, role playing, class assignments, in vivo peer to peer interaction, case studies, handouts, and homework assignments. Topics include: History of juvenile delinquency, identifying risk and protective factors, identifying faulty schemas related to criminality, increasing awareness of antisocial attitudes, identifying criminal thinking errors, setting goals, instilling motivation, learning coping strategies and cognitive restructuring. It is expected that participants who successfully complete the program will show increased knowledge of risk factors associated with juvenile criminality and the onset of anti-social thoughts and behaviors that lead to criminal attitudes and behaviors. Participants will also be able to distinguish between automatic schemas and motivating factor(s) associated with antisocial/criminal thoughts and behaviors. Participants will be able to utilize various cognitive strategies as a means of identifying alternatives ways of viewing situations and responses, in particular, alternate ways of thinking about, peers, school, family, and community that influence antisocial/criminal thinking. In addition, participants will be expected to utilize cognitive strategies to decrease antisocial attitudes and behaviors and decrease the development and or incidence of criminal thinking, as a means to reduce criminal activity. Finally, participants are expected to develop a more optimistic sense of self worth by increasing positive self-concept and future focus. Participants are also likely to experience empowerment through improved cognitive control and enhanced goal directed ideas and thoughts, which may promote increased pro-social cognitions, and associated thoughts and behaviors.
Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of Criminal Psychology written by Robert D. Morgan and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 3395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Criminal Psychology will be a modern, interdisciplinary resource aimed at students and professionals interested in the intersection of psychology (e.g., social, forensic, clinical), criminal justice, sociology, and criminology. The interdisciplinary study of human behavior in legal contexts includes numerous topics on criminal behavior, criminal justice policies and legal process, crime detection and prevention, eyewitness identification, prison life, offender assessment and rehabilitation, risk assessment and management, offender mental health, community reintegration, and juvenile offending. The study of these topics has been increasing continually since the late 1800s, with people trained in many legal professions such as policing, social work, law, academia, mental health, and corrections. This will be a comprehensive work that will provide the most current empirical information on those topics of greatest concern to students who desire to work in these fields. This encyclopedia is a unique reference work that looks at criminal behavior primarily through a scientific lens. With over 500 entries the book brings together top empirically driven researchers and clinicians across multiple fields—psychology, criminology, social work, and sociology—to explore the field.
Download or read book Mental Disorder and Crime written by Sheilagh Hodgins and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1992-12-29 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors to this volume present and discuss new data which suggest that major mental disorder substantially increases the risk of violent crime. These findings come at a crucial time, since those who suffer from mental disorders are increasingly living in the community, rather than in institutions. The book describes the magnitude and complexity of the problem and offers hope that humane, effective intervention can prevent violent crime being committed by the seriously mentally disordered.
Download or read book Desistance from Crime written by Michael Rocque and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-25 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a brief treatise on the theory and research behind the concept of desistance from crime. This ever-growing field has become increasingly relevant as questions of serious issues regarding sentencing, probation and the penal system continue to go unanswered. Rocque covers the history of research on desistance from crime and provides a discussion of research and theories on the topic before looking towards the future of the application of desistance to policy. The focus of the volume is to provide an overview of the practical and theoretical developments to better understand desistance. In addition, a multidisciplinary, integrative theoretical perspective is presented, ensuring that it will be of particular interest for students and scholars of criminology and the criminal justice system.
Download or read book What Works and Doesn t in Reducing Recidivism written by Edward J. Latessa and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers criminologists and students an evidence-based discussion of the latest trends in corrections. Over the last several decades, research has clearly shown that rehabilitation efforts can be effective at reducing recidivism among criminal offenders. However, researchers also recognize that treatment is not a "one size fits all" approach. Offenders vary by gender, age, crime type, and/or addictions, to name but a few, and these individual needs must be addressed by providers. Finally, issues such as leadership, quality of staff, and evaluation efforts affect the quality and delivery of treatment services. This book synthesizes the vast research for the student interested in correctional rehabilitation as well as for the practitioner working with offenders. While other texts have addressed issues regarding treatment in corrections, this text is unique in that it not only discusses the research on "what works" but also addresses implementation issues as practitioners move from theory to practice, as well as the importance of staff, leadership and evaluation efforts.
Download or read book Rethinking Substance Abuse written by William R. Miller and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While knowledge on substance abuse and addictions is expanding rapidly, clinical practice still lags behind. This book brings together leading experts to describe what treatment and prevention would look like if it were based on the best science available. The volume incorporates developmental, neurobiological, genetic, behavioral, and social–environmental perspectives. Tightly edited chapters summarize current thinking on the nature and causes of alcohol and other drug problems; discuss what works at the individual, family, and societal levels; and offer robust principles for developing more effective treatments and services.
Download or read book Risk and Protective Factors Among the Forensic Population written by Danielle Marie Todd-Fritz (Psy.D. candidate at the University of Hartford) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on risk and protective factors among the forensic population has examined multiple factors that influence criminal thinking and behavior. Although many individual factors have been identified as risk or protective, the relationship among multiple factors has not been studied comprehensively. Additionally, the majority of research on risk and protective factors emphasizes the likelihood of an offender’s subsequent behavior (e.g., re-arrest, recidivism), without considering offender’s criminal thinking. Therefore, the current study sought to examine the relationship between perceived social support and criminal thinking, while also accounting for the role that prior adverse childhood experiences and perceived social support’s engagement in criminal behavior has on current criminal thinking. A sample size of 22 participants on community supervision status provided informed consent status and completed all measures of the current study. It was hypothesized that participants that reported a higher level of perceived social support would report lower criminal thinking. Additionally, it was hypothesized that participants that reported higher social support would report lower criminal thinking, unless they indicated high perceived social support involvement in criminal activity, which would moderate this relationship. Lastly, it was hypothesized that participants that reported higher adverse childhood experiences would report higher criminal thinking, unless they indicated high perceived social support, thus moderating this effect. Correlational and regressional analyses did not reject the null hypotheses, as perceived social support was not statistically related to criminal thinking and perceived social support involvement in criminal thinking and adverse childhood experiences did not moderate the relationship between perceived social support and criminal thinking. Despite these findings, bivariate correlational analysis determined that there was a statistically significant relationship between adverse childhood experiences and fear of change, noting that participants who reported greater exposure to childhood adversity also indicated a greater fear of change. Implications of this study include gaining a greater understanding of the relationship between quality and type of perceived social support, adverse experiences and criminal thinking. In addition, this knowledge could help tailor forensic treatment programs to identify and provide intervention for factors related to re-offense.
Download or read book The Prevention of Crime written by Delbert Elliott and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Prevention of Crime provides a unique and comprehensive overview of effective crime prevention programs, strategies and policies, demonstrating how criminological theories, research, and practice are interrelated. Offers the most cutting-edge, comprehensive summaries of effective interventions based on the latest research, by the foremost scholars on the topic of crime prevention in the U.S Provides unique practical information and discussions on how to effectively replicate prevention strategies in communities and criminal-justice settings is highly relevant to students, providing them with the latest research in this area Coverage of multiple theories of crime includes the more recent public-health and life-course developmental perspectives Includes a comprehensive review of the increasing number of effective crime prevention interventions and the practicalities of ensuring that these programs, practices and policies are effectively implemented, both in the U.S and in other countries Presents the most cutting-edge current and optimistic view regarding crime prevention: that it is possible to effectively reduce crime but that efforts need to start early in communities and continue through the life-course
Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Download or read book Simulation Strategies to Reduce Recidivism written by Faye S. Taxman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-05 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of simulation modeling in criminal justice dates back to the 1970s. Early models were developed to capture the realities of the criminal justice system, to identify what changes were needed, and how small changes would affect the overall picture. Significant time and effort were devoted to these projects and although they achieved some success, the complex nature of the criminal justice system and the difficulties associated with improving and maintaining the models prohibited wide spread adoption in the field. Some of the problems with early simulation projects were the lack of data to validate models, the lack of technical skills needed by staff to design and build the models, and the technical difficulties with software programming to transform models into computerized representations. As simulation modeling has becoming a more popular technique across many disciplines, and technology as well as the technical skills of researchers has improved, this book revisits the concept of simulation modeling with new applications for the criminal justice system. The wider availability of data has made for more opportunity to verify and validate models; computing software has become more available and easier to use; and the capacity for visualization and communication of models shows promise for the future of simulation in criminal justice. The time has come to examine the past, present, and future contributions of simulation modeling to the field of criminal justice. This work provides a central resource of information for the current state of simulation modeling, and overview of existing techniques and cases of success, and directions for future development. This work will be an important resource for researchers in criminal justice and related fields, as well as those studying policy-related topics.
Download or read book Fixing Broken Windows written by George L. Kelling and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1997 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cites successful examples of community-based policing.
Download or read book A Simple and Effective Cure for Criminality written by Reg Reynolds and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2019-01-11 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A ten-year research project to understand and treat criminality has led to the development of a new test of criminal thinking, Survey of Thoughts, Feelings, and Behaviors (STFB) and a new understanding of criminality as six sets of angry distress-rejecting attitudes and behaviors on the part of offenders—behaviors that put them into conflict with society and get them in trouble with the law. This new understanding of criminality suggested the development of six different treatment programs, one for each of these six separate components of criminality, and these treatment programs were delivered in six day-long (i.e., four-and-a-half hour) large-group treatment workshops. None of those inmates who were assigned to and received three or more of these treatment workshops recidivated (i.e., relapsed into crime) within the two years following release from prison; in contrast to a control group of inmates who received none of these criminality workshops, half of whom were back in prison within two years of being released. It was concluded that this particular approach to understanding and treating criminality would seem to warrant further investigation and application.
