Download or read book Influencing Tourism Industry Development Factors written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is push and pull factors to influence anytraveler who chooses where is whose preferable travelling destinationHow to predict individual traveler's behavioral intention of choosing a travel destination. Understanding why people travel and what factors influence their behavioral intention of choosing a travel destination is beneficial to tourism planning and marketing. In general, an individual's choice of a travel destination into two forces. The first force is the push factor that pushes an individual away from home and attempt to develop a general desire to go somewhere, without specifying where that may be. The other force is the pull factor that pull an individual toward in destination, due to a region-specific or perceived attractiveness of a destination. The respective push and pull factors illustrate that people travel because who are pushed by whose internal motives and pulled by external forced of a destination. However, the decision making process leading to the choice of a travel destination is a very complex process. For example, a Taiwanese traveler who might either choose new travel destination of Hong Kong or another old travel Asia destinations again or who also might choose any one of Western country, as a new travel destination. The travel agents can predict where who will have intention to choose to travel from whose past behavior and attitude, subjective and perceived behavioral control model.The factors influence where is the traveler choice, include personal safety, scenic beauty, cultural interest, climate changing, transportation tools, friendliness of local people, price of trip, trip package service in hotels and restaurants, quality and variety of food and shopping facilities and services etc. needs. So, whose factors will influence where is the individual travel's choice. It seems every traveler whose choice of travel process, will include past behavior. e.g. travelling experience, travelling habit, then to choose the best seasoned travelling action to satisfy whose travel needs. This process is the individual traveler's psychological choice process, who must need time to gather information to compare concerning of different travel packages, destination scene, climate change, transportation tools available to the destination, air ticket price etc. these factors, then to judge where is the best right destination to travel in the right time.Why expectation, motivation and attitude factor can influence travelling behaviour.Social psychology is concerned with gaining insight into the psychological of socially relevant behaviors and the processes. For instance, on a global level bad influence to global warming, it influences some countries extreme cold or hot bad climate changing occurrence, then it ought influence some travelers' behavioral decision to change their mind to choose some countries to go to travel at the moment which do not occur extreme hot or cold climate ( temperature). e.g. above than 40 degree in summer or below than 0 degree in winter. Due to the extreme climate changing environment in the countries, it will cause them to feel uncomfortable to play during their trips. So, the global warming causes to climate changing factor will influence the numbers of travel consumption to be reduced possibly. This is global climate changing environment factor influences to bad or uncomfortable social psychological feeling to global travelers' mind of traveling decision. What is individual traveler expectation, motivation and attitude? Tourism sector includes inbound (domestic) tourism and outbound (overseas) tourism both incomes to any countries. According to recent article, a tourist behavior model has been developed, called the expectation, motivation and attitude ( EMA) model ( Hsu et al., 2010).

Download or read book Factors Influence Tourism Industry Changes written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods to raise space traveler numberFuture space tourism will be one kind of new travel leisure market for any new space travel leisure companies to enter this undiscovered market in the beginning. However, how to predict future 10 to 20 years, even more space traveler number that is one important issue to any new space tourism leisure companies. I think that space tourism leisure companies need to define what kinds of space travel leisure service to be provided to space travelling passengers, however, what age group of space passengers who will be their space travelling target client. For example, their space travel leisure must provide any flight operation that takes one or more passengers beyond the altitude of 100 km and thus into space to let space travelling passengers who have fun, exciting space travelling feeling. Anyway, for any kind of space tourism ( leisure space travel) journey, space tourism leisure company needs anyone to be bring customer satisfaction, it is a plan or predictive methods to measure how to let every space travelling passenger to feel comfortable when they are catching the spacecraft ( space flying product) and they can have enjoyable and fun or exciting feeling when they have need providing any space tourism journey, services meet or surpass customer expectations. Thus, any space tourism leisure company needs to evaluate the degree of every time space tourism journey's customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction is also always evaluated in relationship to the every time ticket price of the space tourism journey. So, the space tourism leisure company will predict the next time of what the space tourism journey of passenger number is more accurate, after it has evaluated what degree of every time space tourism journey's customer satisfaction is. It aims to gather their opinions to find which aspects that they need to revise, e.g. choosing where will be the next time space tourism journey destination, how to improve spacecraft staff's service attitude and performance to serve to their space tourism passengers when they are catching the spacecraft, to evaluate whether the spacecraft can provide comfortable and safe environment to let them to catch in order to let the next time space travelling passengers can feel satisfactory and enjoyable when they are catching the space tourism leisure's spacecraft to fly to anywhere in space.In general, the expectation of factors space passengers include the following customer value elements, such as below: ⦁viewing space and the Earth.⦁experiencing weightlessness and being able to float freely in zero gravity.⦁experiencing pre-flight astronaut training and related sensations.⦁communicating from space to significant others.⦁being able to discuss the adventure in an informed way.⦁having astronaut like documentation and memorabilia.These objectives need to be combined with, sometimes conflicting constraints, such as guaranteed safe return, limited training time, reasonable comfort, and minimum medical restrictions. All these above issues which will be every space travelling passenger considerate matters before they choose the space tourism leisure company to catch its spacecraft to fly to space. So, all these factors will influence the next time space passenger number. Any space tourism leisure company can not neglect how to solve these all matters before they decide when their next time space tourism journey to be achieved.

Download or read book International Tourism Futures written by Clare Lade and published by Goodfellow Publishers Ltd. This book was released on 2020-10-19 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines influential factors such as the demographic, political, economic and technological changes, which will affect the nature, trends and participation in tourism, hospitality and events. It discusses contemporary concepts associated with the tourism, hospitality and event sector, generating plausible ideas and identifying future trends.

Download or read book Factors Influence Tourism Development written by John Lok and published by . This book was released on 2023-02-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, global tourism industry is experiencing decline stage or decline life cycle stage due to COVID19 human hung disease occurs. It brings many travelers begin to feel fear to catch air planes because any one passenger may be gotten this kind of new disease when one or more than one passenger who had owned this kind of new lung disease and he/she is or they are sitting in the air plane. So, many travelers believed that when one owned COVID 19 lung disease passenger is catching in any one air plane, it will have high chance that they will be contacted to give this kind of disease easily by the air in the closed windows airplane. Due to this reason, this kind of new disease had influenced global many travelers felt fear to catch air planes to go to different countries to travel in these two years, even future. However, whether COVID 19 disease is the main factor to influence global tourism industry decline and oil price changes. I shall explain why disease and oil price and airport service and traveler past travel experience may influence traveler individual touism destination choice.

Download or read book Factors Influence Tourism And Transport written by John Lok and published by . This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, global tourism industry is experiencing decline stage or decline life cycle stage due to COVID19 human hung disease occurs. It brings many travelers begin to feel fear to catch air planes because any one passenger may be gotten this kind of new disease when one or more than one passenger who had owned this kind of new lung disease and he/she is or they are sitting in the air plane. So, many travelers believed that when one owned COVID 19 lung disease passenger is catching in any one air plane, it will have high chance that they will be contacted to give this kind of disease easily by the air in the closed windows airplane. Due to this reason, this kind of new disease had influenced global many travelers felt fear to catch air planes to go to different countries to travel in these two years, even future. However, whether COVID 19 disease is the main factor to influence global tourism industry decline and oil price changes. It is one interesting question to research. In my this book, I shall attempt to apply behavioral economic theory to explain why and how traveler individual catching air planes leisure activities or travelling leisure need or leisure activities, they have direct or indirect relationship to influence future fuel price changes. Readers can attempt to follow behavioral economic view to explain whether traveler individual leisure activities can have any relationship to influence future global fuel need changes or price changes.

Download or read book Changes in Leisure Time written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an overview on leisure time trends relevant to tourism in 18 major tourism-generating countries. The book is intended to be a reference for the many people involved in the tourism industry to help them find solutions for success in an ever more competitive world.

Download or read book Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021 written by Wolfgang Wörndl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-11 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is the proceedings of the International Federation for IT and Travel & Tourism (IFITT)’s 28th Annual International eTourism Conference, which assembles the latest research presented at the ENTER21@yourplace virtual conference January 19–22, 2021. This book advances the current knowledge base of information and communication technologies and tourism in the areas of social media and sharing economy, technology including AI-driven technologies, research related to destination management and innovations, COVID-19 repercussions, and others. Readers will find a wealth of state-of-the-art insights, ideas, and case studies on how information and communication technologies can be applied in travel and tourism as we encounter new opportunities and challenges in an unpredictable world.

Download or read book Trends and Issues in Global Tourism 2009 written by Roland Conrady and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As other industries, the global travel and tourism industry has been facing immense challenges and highly visible upheaval since the beginning of the new millennium. The International Tourism Exchange ITB Berlin, the world’s leading travel trade show, aims at pinpointing the most important challenges, identifying the trends and offering a platform to solve pressing problems. The ITB Convention Market Trends & Innovations has developed into a centre of excellence and a driving force for the global travel and tourism industry, generating a much needed information platform. This compilation unites the highlights of the convention in articles prepared by renowned professionals and scientists from the industry. Readers may benefit from this comprehensive vision of the developments that are shaping the structure of the global tourism industry today and in the future. This book is indispensable for tourism and travel professionals as well as for academics and students anal- ing current global tourism and travel trends.

Download or read book Embracing and Managing Change in Tourism written by Bill Faulkner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines management responses to the major changes taking place in international tourism and considers tourism itself as an agent of change.

Download or read book Trends in Tourist Behavior written by Andrés Artal-Tur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines both how tourist behavior is being shaped by the new tourism products and segments that are appearing on the European market and how the tourist experience influences post-trip evaluation of destinations and of tourism and hospitality businesses. On this basis, practical implications and recommendations are highlighted that will help destination management organizations to improve the performance of their destinations and particular businesses. The first part of the book explores visitor engagement with a range of new products relating to sports activities and events, city tourism, wine tourism, and youth tourism. In the second part, the focus is primarily on the ways in which tourist experiences influence subsequent trip recommendations, revisiting attitudes, and reviewing behavior on social media. Other topics to be addressed include the factors affecting tourism expenditure on accommodation in World Heritage Cities and the impacts of experience on the motivation of participants in recreational sports tourism events. The book will be of interest for researchers, industry professionals, under- and postgraduate students, and others who wish to learn about new trends in tourist behavior and emerging tourism products.

Download or read book Introduction to Tourism written by Leonard J Lickorish and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Tourism is the essential guide to the tourism industry. It provides a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to all facets of tourism including: the history of tourism; factors influencing the tourism industry; tourism in developing countries; sustainable tourism; forecasting future trends. Tourism has changed radically in recent years with the onset of many technological and economic changes and an ever increasing concern for the environment. This book provides a down-to-earth introduction to this complex and multi-faceted industry. This invaluable introduction is written for all students of tourism and all those involved in the industry who want to know more about the structure, component activities and environment within which they work.

Download or read book Understanding and Managing Tourism Impacts written by C. Michael Hall and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the complexity of understanding how tourism impacts the world and how the world impacts tourism – from the global scale to the local and individual scale.

Download or read book Factors Influence Future Leisure Development written by John Lok and published by . This book was released on 2022-05-13 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book researchs what factors may influence global tourism and gas energy industries will experience recession rapidly . This book concerns to explain how and why tourism industry development will be influenced by these possible factors, e.g. pollution, travel stragegy, illness etc. different factors to cause global tourism development will spend how much time to experience growth stage from birth stage, growth stage to mature stage, even decline stage. For example, I shall explain how to prove environmental pollution will influence to the country's tourism industry will experience decline stage from growth stage. I shall attempt to explain how tourism industry strategies may assist the tourism development to experience growth stage or mature stage in short time rapidly. What are the strengths and weaknesses between online and offline travel agents? How can online travel agents win offline travel agents or how can offline travel agents win online travel? Why do travel consumers either choose online travel agents or offline travel agents to help them to arrange travel trips? What factors will change their mind to influence them to choose to buy electronic air ticket or paper air ticket from either offline travel agents or online travel agents? Any these strategies can assist tourism industry development to spend short time to experience growth, even mature life cycle stage.

Download or read book Handbook on Tourism and Behaviour Change written by Haywantee Ramkissoon and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-11-03 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A must-read for researchers and practitioners focusing on how the tourism industry needs to evolve given the societal and sustainability challenges we face, this comprehensive Handbook serves as a vital reference point for advanced research in tourism and behaviour change. Chapters depict critical reviews and debates on the topic, comprising both theoretical and empirical research illustrated by international case studies to explore strategies for current and future challenges in the field.

Download or read book Explaining Oil Price Is Not Main Factor to Influence Tourism Industry Development written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by . This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ⦁Can economic theory explain old price change to influence tourism income?I shall attempt to apply old and new economic theory to explain whether oil changing price has direct relationship to influence global tourism indusry development or tourism income as below: Is oil changing price the main to influence tourism income or tourism development or economic growth ? If oil price rises ar falls, it will or won't cause tourism income decreases or increases? If they have cause and effect relationship, what are the main factors to influence tourism income changes by oil price rises or falls ? I aim to investigate how any why among oil price shocks will influence tourism income variables. We may distinguish between these oil price shocks: Supply-side, aggregate demand and oil specific demand shocks. I assume that oil specific demand shocks affect inflation and the tourism sector equity index. By constrast, I also believe that aggregate demand oil price shock exercisr an effect, either directly and indirectly tourism generated income and economic growth. So, in old economic theory, supply-side, aggregate demand view to oil specific demand shocks will influence tourism income varies. So, governments ought implement strategies against future oil price movements or plan for economic policy development.In fact, instead of oil price changes will influence tourism income, it could also harm economic growth and tourism activities, due to the effect they expert on transporation, production cost, economic uncertainty.Because tourism activities is one important sector to influence any country's leisure consumption GDP income source. So, sudden fluctations in oil prices may also influence economic growth. It is based a hyphthesis known as the tourism led economic growth. So, it seems that they have direct or indirect relationship to case effect between oil price and tourism activities and development. So, increase on tourism income, the called " economic-driven tourism growth". In addition, high oil prices are affecting certain tourism industry segments, e.g. airlines, cruises lines, hotel, rent travelling car services etc. for oil, importing countries example, with reference to macro economic effects, higher oil prices generally lead to higher inflation, when they negatively influence to country's income. Hence, from a micro-economic perspective, positive oil price shocks lead to a decline in disposable income. for low income people, it will bring an immediate and negative impact on tourism, mainly due to they feel tourism leisure is regarded as a luxury good, when oil price shocks to rise suddenly . It influences any airline or cruise entertainment service providers' costs are influenced to raise. Then, they need to increase air ticket or cruise ticket price. It will bring on negative tourism leisure demands-side the oil price increases low income group, potential tourism leisure consumers. Hence, it seems that oil price may have indirect relationship to influence tourism leisure consumers' needs. ⦁How the price of oil changes influences global tourism industry growth or recession?

Download or read book Factors Influence Service Market Success written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-08 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether climate change can influence travelling behaviours.The flexibility of human travelling behavior is at least the result of one such mechanism, our ability to travel mentally in time and entertain potential future. Understanding of the impacts is holidays, particularly those involving travel. Using focus groups research to explores tourists' awareness of the impacts of travel own climate change, examines the extent to which climate change features in holiday travel decisions and identifies some of the barriers to the adoption of less carbon intensive tourism practices. The findings suggest many tourists don't consider climate change when planning their holidays. The failure of tourists to engage with the climate change to impact of holidays, combined with significant barriers to behavioral change, presents a considerable challenge in the tourism industry.Tourism is a highly energy intensive industry and has only recently attracted attention as an important contributions to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. It has been estimated that tourism contributes 5% of global carbon dioxide emissions. There have been a number of potential changes proposed for reducing the impact of air travel on climate change. These include technological changes, market based changes and behavioral changes. However, the role that climate change plays in the holiday and travel decisions of global tourists. How the global tourists of the impacts travel has on climate change to establish the extent to which climate change, considerations features in holiday travel decision making processes and to investigate the major barriers to global tourists adopting less carbon intensive travel practices. Whether tourists will aware the impacts that their holidays and travel have on climate changes.When, it comes to understand indvidual traveler's behavioral change, wide range of conceptual theories have been developed, utilizing various social, psychological, subjective and objective variables in order to model travel consumption behavior. These theories of travel behavioral change operate at a number of different levels, including the individual level, the interpersonal level and community level. Whether pro-environmental behavior can be used to predict travel consumption behavior in a climate change. However, the question of what determines pro-environmental behavior in such a complex one that it can not be visualized through one single framework or diagram.

Download or read book What Factors Influence Business Life Cycle Stages Change written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2020-09-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ⦁How the price of oil changes influences global tourism industry growth or recession?In macro-economic view, sudden mid and long term oil price shock can influence global torusim industry growth or recession. For example, a oil price of US$180 per barrel was considered only a few years ago, now this has a realistic scenario to which all plaers in the T&T sector have to adapt. At such a high level, the price of oil will become even more critical to almost every part of the tourism value chain. Although, weak global demand, caused by global economic recesson, resulted in a steep oil price decline to US$45 per barrel by the fourth quarter of 2008 in the past low oil price occurrence history, this won't change the mid to long -term oil forecast.In fact, the past oil price occurrence history of the dramatic structural had changed a high price imposed on airlines, travelers, and destination countries, all of which will have to navigate through times of shifting or even declining travel demand. I assume that a high oil price scenario is assumed in the long term in order to highlight the changes , such a senario would mean for consumer behavior and the competitiveness of several destinations. Low oil price in the 1970 and early 1980 did not bring significant growth of international air travel, but its growth has been strongest between 1980 and 2004, a period with stable and relatively moderate oil prices. Also, the rapid development of the low-cost carrier business model in the 1990s further fueled air travel growth by capturing tourism leisure demand , such as weekend leisure travel to cities using mostly secondary airports in any big area countries, such as UK, US . However, the tourism growth is whole influenced by high oil prices, due to oil price had been continue rising in possible.Basis of oil is shortage supply product, oil is assumed to be the main energy source for the aviation sector for the nest 30 years. Although, second-generation biofuels seem to be on the horizon, the economics as well as the production scalability and aviation biofuel shortage will be a main challenge to airline industry. So, I assume that oil price will continue rise up, if there have none any aviation biofuel can be reflected to oil to use for air plane energy.Until 2004, the only factors to have affected air travel growth, negatively were in external shocks , such as 9/11, causes catching air plane crisis or US regional geopolitical conflicts. It brings some travelers feel fear to go to US travel, as well as until recently 2019, human mouth disease can influence air to have disease to anyone from mouth. So, global travelers number had been continue decreasing, because they are fear to get disease by air when many themselves every stranger travelers are sitting on the without windows air planes. Although, mouth human and air disease and US 9/11 air attack both matters may influence oil price falls effect, because air planes flying times will reduce. They won't need frequent to fly, to cause aviation oil energy need reduce. Consequently, oil price will decrease, due to travelers number reduces and air planes flying times are also influenced to reduce. ( oil demand decreases cause oil price decrease). Although, air lines ' cost will also be influenced reduce, but oil price decrease can not bring travelers number increase , when air ticket price reduce because global many leisure and business trip travelers feel fear to catch air planes frequently when human mouth air disease occured in 2019. So, oil price decreases can not grow up tourism industry growth or rise tourism income.