Download or read book Factors for Consideration in a Test for Cigarette Ignition Propensity on Soft Furnishings written by V. Norman and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fire Safe Cigarettes written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche.
Download or read book Test Methods for Quanitifying the Propensity of Cigarettes to Ignite Soft Furnishings written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research funded under the Fire Safe Cigarette Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-352) has led to the development of two test methods for measuring the ignition propensity of cigarettes. The Mock-Up Ignition Test Method uses substrates physically similar to upholstered furniture and mattresses: a layer of fabric over padding. The measure of cigarette performance is ignition or non-ignition of the substrate. The Cigarette Extinction Test Method replaces the fabric/padding assembly with multiple layers of common filter paper. The measure of performance is full-length burning or self-extinguishment of the cigarette. Routine measurement of the relative ignition propensity of cigarettes is feasible using either of the two methods. Improved cigarette performance under both methods has been linked with reduced real-world ignition behavior; and it is reasonable to assume that this, in turn, implies a significant real-world benefit. Both methods have been subjected to interlaboratory study. The resulting reproducibilities were comparable to each other and comparable to those in other fire test methods currently being used to regulate materials which may be involved in unwanted fires. Using the two methods, some current commercial cigarettes are shown to have reduced ignition propensities relative to the current best-selling cigarettes.
Download or read book Cigarette Ignition of Soft Furnishings written by John Krasny and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Test Methods for Quantifying the Propensity of Cigarettes to Ignite Soft Furnishings written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards written by ASTM International and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Maro Polymer Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NIST Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compilation of all ASTM standards issued each year.
Download or read book Test Methods for Quantifying the Propensity of Cigarettes to Ignite Soft Furnishings Volume 2 Also Included Is written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book History of the Development of a Test Method for the Measurement of the Propensity of Cigarettes to Cause Smoldering Ignition of Soft Furnishings 1981 1993 written by D. Lowell Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are the proposed test methods valid and reproducible? The research concluded that the development of a test was accomplished through research, building on prior research, primarily as a mandate of Congress. Legislation introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1994 would require that the tests become part of a standard for creating a fire safe cigarette. This legislation and the tests will be attacked by special interests. Therefore, it is recommended that refinement of the tests continue to allow for testing of lower propensity cigarettes and to deter attacks on the scientific process. In addition, the history of the development of the tests may be used to chronicle the test efforts for those who wish to move forward with the issue.
Download or read book Development of a Candidate Test Method for the Measurement of the Propensity of Cigarettes to Cause Smoldering Ignition of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses written by John F. Krasny and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Test Methods for Quantifying the Propensity of Cigarettes to Ignite Soft Furnishing written by Thomas J. Ohlemiller and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Surrogate Smoldering Ignition Sources for Testing Soft Furnishings written by Richard G. Gann and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of cigarette ignition propensity standards has led to a reduction in the availability of high ignition propensity commercial cigarettes. Since high ignition propensity cigarettes are needed for soft furnishing flammability tests, a standard reference cigarette, SRM 1196, was developed. The current supply of SRM 1196 cigarettes is limited, and so the feasibility of a surrogate ignition source was examined. The surrogate ignition source should be repeatable, sustainable, relatively inexpensive, and should have a similar ignition propensity to the SRM 1196 cigarette on a broad range of substrates. A literature review identified several potential surrogate ignition sources including cartridge heaters, hot slugs, and materials that can smolder, such as charcoal, cotton plugs, and cotton rope. Experiments quantified the heat transfer characteristics and ignition propensity of the SRM 1196 cigarette as a baseline for evaluating candidate ignition sources. In particular, thermocouples were used to measure the temperatures at the interface of the cigarette and the substrate for both reactive and inert substrates. Screening experiments were performed to estimate the ignition propensities of the candidate surrogate sources. Analysis of and experiments with these sources found that cartridge heaters are impractical for routine testing and that commercial versions of the combustible materials do not show appropriate or repeatable values of ignition propensity. The use of hot slugs would require additional testing in which the materials, dimensions, shape, and mass were all systematically varied. Extensive testing to identify fabrics which, when supported on a foam slab, would lead to some, but not 100 % ignitions did not find enough fabrics to demonstrate equivalence to the SRM 1196 cigarette. Because of the unlikelihood of success, it is recommended that these tests not be performed and that the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) order another supply of SRM 1196 cigarettes.
Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications of the National Bureau of Standards Catalog written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cigarette Ignition Risk Project written by Shivani Mehta and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2004, New York became the first state in the United States to enact legislation requiring that cigarettes sold in the state be of low ignition strength, or "fire safe." The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) developed "model" legislation based on the New York state law and advocated successfully for other state legislatures to adopt it. Since that time, all 50 states have enacted similar legislation, making the marketing, sale, and distribution of "fire-safe cigarettes" a de facto national requirement. "Fire-safe" cigarettes, also called Reduced Ignition Propensity (RIP), are designed to stop burning when left unattended, thus implying that these new cigarettes will be less likely to start fires, especially on soft furnishings, such as upholstered furniture and mattresses. Because all cigarettes sold in the United States are now of the RIP type, the residential fire hazard associated with smoldering cigarettes may be changing. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) does not have statutory authority to regulate cigarettes, but it has the authority, through the Flammable Fabrics Act (FFA), to regulate the flammability of residential soft furnishings, including mattresses, bedding products, and upholstered furniture, which are frequently involved in cigarette-ignited fires. The CPSC addresses the cigarette ignition risk for mattresses and mattress pads in the Standard for the Flammability of Mattresses and Mattress Pads (16 CFR part 1632). The agency also has proposed a standard for the flammability of upholstered furniture that addresses cigarette ignition risk (proposed 16 CFR part 1634). The purpose of the Cigarette Ignition Risk project is to determine if RIP cigarettes present a reduced ignition risk relative to conventional (non-RIP) cigarettes when placed on a mattress or mattress pad. A reduced cigarette ignition hazard may warrant consideration of revisions to existing federal flammability regulations and voluntary flammability standards, and it also may impact the direction of current proposed rulemakings.
