Download or read book Factors Associated with School Meal Participation and the Relationship Between Different Participation Measures Final Report written by Quinn Moore and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report investigates three important aspects of National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and School Breakfast Program (SBP) participation using recently collected data on a large, nationally representative sample of students certified for free and reduced-price meals during the 2005-2006 school year. First, we examine the factors that influence the participation decisions of children from low-income households. In this analysis, school type and student attitudes toward school meals emerged as factors with particularly strong relationships for both school lunch and school breakfast participation. Second, we examine the relationship between school meal certification status and participation using meal certification error as a natural experiment. The most policy-relevant finding from this analysis is evidence that eliminating the reduced-price certification category would increase lunch participation among students eligible for reduced-price meals under the current program rules, but that it would not increase breakfast participation. Finally, we explore the extent to which parent reports of student NSLP/SBP meal participation accurately represent actual school meal participation as determined from school administrative records. This analysis suggests that using parent reports on a short period of time leads to overstatements of actual school meal participation over longer periods, and could cause researchers to incorrectly identify the relationship between participation and other factors. Appendices include: (1) Supplemental Tables for the Analysis of Factors Related to School Meal Participation; (2) Stigma and the Grade Structure of Elementary and Middle Schools; (3) Variation in Participation Over the School Year; (4) Subgroup Findings Related to Individual-Level Comparisons of Parent Reports to Administrative Records; and (5) Factors Associated with Participation. (Contains 29 tables, 3 figures and 33 footnotes.).
Download or read book Factors Associated with School Meal Participation and the Relationship Between Different Participation Measures written by Quinn Moore and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Influencing School and Student Participation in the School Breakfast Program 1977 78 written by United States. Food and Nutrition Service. Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Association Between Participation in the School Breakfast Program and the National School Lunch Program and Weight Status Among 12 to 15 year olds written by Joan Hampson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examined the association between participation in school meal programs and weight status among 12 to 15 year olds using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999--2006). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the data concerning 12 to 15 year old Black, White, and Hispanic students who attended schools that participated in the School Breakfast Program and the National School Lunch Program, while controlling for race, gender, age, physical activity, poverty, and the survey period and treating race or a combination of race and poverty income ratio as effect modifiers. Initial exploration of potential non-linear association revealed that: the school breakfast-weight status association could be modeled as linear type; and school lunch-weight status association could be modeled as a reverse-V shape. Race was found to be an effect modifier for the school breakfast-weight status association and not for school lunch-weight association. Among Blacks, breakfast participation showed non-significant positive association with at risk of overweight (OR=1.06 for each increase in weekly breakfast participation, p = 0.17) and with overweight (OR= 1.02, p = 0.58). Among Whites, breakfast participation was positively associated with overweight (OR=1.12, p = 0.06) and negatively associated with at risk of overweight (OR=0.88, p = 0.10). There was a statistically significant association between school lunch participation and overweight (p = 0.01). Shift of lunch participation from zero to 1 is associated with increased odds of being overweight. (OR=2.09, p = 0.01), and further increase in lunch participation beyond 1 per week was associated with decreased odds of being overweight (OR for per each weekly lunch participation = 0.85, p = 0.01). The results raise some concerns over whether school breakfast is serving the intended purpose. Frequent breakfast participants among Whites were found to have high probability of being overweight and can be considered as a target for intervention. School lunch participants and non-participants showed marked difference in probability of being overweight. Racial differences in the association between meal participation and weight status and the underlying reasons thereof should be explored for further study, with consideration given to all foods consumed throughout the day. -- Abstract.
Download or read book School Meal Program Participation and Its Association with Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity written by Philip Gleason and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-02 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Changing Participation in Food Assistance Programs Among Low Income Children After Welfare Reform written by Jessica E. Todd and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1996, the safety net for poor households with children changed when Fed. legislation replaced AFDC with TANF. This study investigates participation in, and benefits received from, AFDC/TANF and food assistance programs, before and after the legislation, for children in low-income households. Between 1990 and 2004, the share of children receiving food stamps declined, esp. among children in the poorest households. The share of children in households that received benefits from AFDC/TANF or food assistance programs grew from 35% to 52%. However, the net result of these changes is that average total household benefits from all programs declined. The decline was largest among children in the poorest households. Illustrations.
Download or read book School Meal Programs written by Kay Brown and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In FY 2008, 31 million children participated in the Nat. School Lunch Program and 10 million children participated in the School Breakfast Program each school day. The majority of school meals are provided for free or at a reduced price to low-income students. Some states and school districts have chosen to implement programs that eliminate the reduced-price fee (known as ERP programs) and instead provide free meals to students eligible for the reduced fee. This report provides info. on: (1) what is known about the states and districts that have eliminated the reduced-price fee for school meals; (2) the experiences of states and districts that have ERP programs; and (3) the factors that may help or hinder the estab. or continuation of ERP programs.
Download or read book SNAP Matters written by Judith Bartfeld and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-25 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1963, President Kennedy proposed making permanent a small pilot project called the Food Stamp Program (FSP). By 2013, the program's fiftieth year, more than one in seven Americans received benefits at a cost of nearly $80 billion. Renamed the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in 2008, it currently faces sharp political pressure, but the social science research necessary to guide policy is still nascent. In SNAP Matters, Judith Bartfeld, Craig Gundersen, Timothy M. Smeeding, and James P. Ziliak bring together top scholars to begin asking and answering the questions that matter. For example, what are the antipoverty effects of SNAP? Does SNAP cause obesity? Or does it improve nutrition and health more broadly? To what extent does SNAP work in tandem with other programs, such as school breakfast and lunch? Overall, the volume concludes that SNAP is highly responsive to macroeconomic pressures and is one of the most effective antipoverty programs in the safety net, but the volume also encourages policymakers, students, and researchers to continue examining this major pillar of social assistance in America.
Download or read book Handbook of Nutrition and Food written by Carolyn D. Berdanier and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 1472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of the Handbook of Nutrition and Food follows the format of the bestselling earlier editions, providing a reference guide for many of the issues on health and well being that are affected by nutrition. Completely revised, the third edition contains 20 new chapters, 50 percent new figures. A comprehensive resource, this book is a reference guide for many of the issues on health and well being that are affected by nutrition. Divided into five parts, the sections cover food, including its composition, constituents, labeling, and analysis; nutrition as a science, covering basic terminology, nutritional biochemistry, nutrition and genetics, food intake regulation, and micronutrients; nutrient needs throughout the human life cycle; assessment of nutrient intake adequacy; and clinical nutrition, from assessments to a wide variety of disease and health topics.
Download or read book Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program Final Report written by David Smallwood and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizes the Food Assist. and Nutrition Research Program (FANRP) activities and accomplishments in FY 2009, including newly awarded projects and recent pub. FANRP supports research on a wide range of policy-relevant food assistance and nutrition topics. The three perennial program themes are: (1) Program Outcomes and Economic Well-Being of Participants; (2) Program Access and Economic Determinants of Participation; and (3) Program Dynamics and Efficiency. The core food and nutrition assistance programs include the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP; formerly the Food Stamp Program), the child nutrition programs, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Illus.
Download or read book The Condition of Education 2018 written by Education Department and published by Bernan Press. This book was released on 2019-06-30 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Condition of Education 2018 summarizes important developments and trends in education using the latest available data. The report presents 47 indicators on the status and condition of education. The indicators represent a consensus of professional judgment on the most significant national measures of the condition and progress of education for which accurate data are available. The Condition of Education includes an "At a Glance" section, which allows readers to quickly make comparisons across indicators, and a "Highlights" section, which captures key findings from each indicator. In addition, The Condition of Education contains a Reader's Guide, a Glossary, and a Guide to Sources that provide additional background information. Each indicator provides links to the source data tables used to produce the analyses.
Download or read book A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of School Lunch Program for Reducing Childhood Obesity written by Li-Tung Tony Hung and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of School Lunch Program for Reducing Childhood Obesity" by Li-tung, Tony, Hung, 幸利東, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness of school lunch programs for reducing childhood obesity by examining changes to the Body Mass Index (BMI) as an outcome measure to compare and assess the effectiveness of different school lunch interventions. Background: Childhood obesity has a high likelihood of leading to obesity in adulthood and this negative effect is well documented. School lunches have been widely implemented in this decade for tackling childhood obesity. Many countries are following this trend to align school lunches with national or standard nutrition guidelines as part of the school policy. Since many schools have only recently started to provide school lunches, the impact of these programs in terms of reducing childhood obesity has yet to be fully explored. Methods: Published literature about school lunch and body mass index from 2008 to 2014 was collected through PubMed and ScienceDirect. Relevant studies, including cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, case control studies, and observational studies, were included if they involved interventions that measured BMI as an independent outcome. Results: Nine studies from USA and one from Norway were included in this systematic review. For measuring school lunch participation, 4 were associated with increased BMI after intervention, 1 was associated with decreased BMI and 3 were not statistically significant with BMI. For studies that included consumption or observed energy intake, 3 were associated with lower BMI and 1 study showed that higher consumption lowered initial BMI but increased BMI over time. Overall, the results were inconsistent, and this may be attributed to confounding factors such as different food environments, meal quality, and availability of school snacks. Conclusion: The implications for school lunch programs as a key factor in lowering childhood obesity are complicated. No solid conclusions can be inferred for the effectiveness of school lunch program for lowering childhood obesity, as certain studies show positive relationships and others show no association. Future research with primary data and longitudinal cohort with years follow up may be considered for studying the relationship of between the school lunch program and the trend of BMI of children change at each level of school. Research on extending observed energy intake should also be applied in order to provide guidance for policy change on the meal quality, food options, competitive foods availability as well as nutrition guidelines. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5320357 Subjects: Obesity in children Luncheons
Download or read book National School Lunch Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For several years, including the years pre-dating the implementation of the new standards, participation has been rising among low-income children and declining among children not eligible for free or reduced-price meals. These trends have persisted since the new standards took effect. There are larger factors at play than the school nutrition standards. FRAC undertook this analysis to provide a better understanding of the complex economic and policy-related causes that are leading to these changes in participation levels.
Download or read book How Effective are Food for Education Programs written by Sarah Adelman and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2008 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments use food for education (FFE) programs to increase school participation and support learning through better nutrition. But how effective are these programs? This food policy review surveys the empirical literature to assess the impact of FFE programs on the students' schooling, learning, and nutrition. It examines the economic rationale for FFEs, critically assesses the evidence on their effectiveness, identifies areas where further research is needed, and offers guidelines for future program design and use.
Download or read book Student Participation Meal Costs and Meal Production in School Foodservice Programs written by United States. Food and Nutrition Service. Office of Analysis and Evaluation and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A literature review focused on 3 specific topics: factors affecting student participation in school meal programs; the determinants of school meal costs; and economic cost and production functions. Each section contains subsections. The section on student participation considered participation factors, previous research efforts, and case-by-case review. The meal cost section covered definition and measurement of costs, data sources and uses, production models, and a description of selected research. The section on cost and productions reviewed the literature on theory and economic models of cost and production, joint production, (where 2 products, e.g., breakfast and lunch, are produced) and managerial efficiency. The latter part of section 2 and all of section 3 are written for professional economists and statisticians. Citations of published research are followed by a discussion of the researchers purpose, methodology, and results; a critique also is provided. (kbc).
Download or read book Using American Community Survey Data to Expand Access to the School Meals Programs written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs, administered by the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), are key components of the nation's food security safety net, providing free or low-cost meals to millions of schoolchildren each day. To qualify their children each year for free or reduced-price meals, many families must submit applications that school officials distribute and review. To reduce this burden on families and schools and to encourage more children to partake of nutritious meals, USDA regulations allow school districts to operate their meals programs under special provisions that eliminate the application process and other administrative procedures in exchange for providing free meals to all students enrolled in one or more school in a district. FNS asked the National Academies' Committee on National Statistics and Food and Nutrition Board to convene a panel of experts to investigate the technical and operational feasibility of using data from the continuous American Community Survey (ACS) to estimate students eligible for free and reduced-price meals for schools and school districts. The ACS eligibility estimates would be used to develop "claiming percentages" that, if sufficiently accurate, would determine the USDA reimbursements to districts for schools that provided free meals to all students under a new special provision that eliminated the ongoing base-year requirements of current provisions. Using American Community Survey Data to Expand Access to the School Meals Program was conducted in two phases. It first issued an interim report (National Research Council, 2010), describing its planned approach for assessing the utility of ACS-based estimates for a special provision to expand access to free school meals. This report is the final phase which presents the panel's findings and recommendations.
Download or read book School Meal Program Participation and Its Association with Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity Final Report written by Philip Gleason and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We used data from the School Nutrition Dietary Assessment III Study to examine the dietary patterns of school meal program participants and nonparticipants and the relationship between school meal participation and children's BMI and risk of overweight or obesity. School Breakfast Program (SBP) participants consumed more low nutrient energy dense (LNED) baked goods and more calories at breakfast than non participants. National School Lunch Program (NSLP) participants had lower intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and a lower percentage of calories from LNED foods and beverages than nonparticipants. Overall, NSLP participation was not significantly related to students BMI, though participants were less likely to be overweight or obese than non-participants among black students but more likely to be so among "other race" students. SBP participants had significantly lower BMI than non-participants, possibly because SBP participants are more likely to eat breakfast and eat more at breakfast, spreading calorie intake more evenly over the course of the day. A section on Dietary Patterns of School Meal Participants and Nonparticipants: Supplemental Tables is appended. (Contains 40 tables, 4 figures and 41 footnotes.).
