Download or read book Factors affecting the toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms written by Gary J. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Factors Affecting the Toxicity of Cyanobacterial blue green Algal Blooms written by Gary J. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water written by Ingrid Chorus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacterial toxins are among the hazardous substances most widely found in water. They occur naturally, but concentrations hazardous to human health are usually due to human activity. Therefore, to protect human health, managing lakes, reservoirs and rivers to prevent cyanobacterial blooms is critical. This second edition of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water presents the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins as well as their impacts on health through water-related exposure pathways, chiefly drinking-water and recreational activity. It provides scientific and technical background information to support hazard identification, assessment and prioritisation of the risks posed by cyanotoxins, and it outlines approaches for their management at each step of the water-use system. It sets out key practical considerations for developing management strategies, implementing efficient measures and designing monitoring programmes. This enables stakeholders to evaluate whether there is a health risk from toxic cyanobacteria and to mitigate it with appropriate measures. This book is intended for those working on toxic cyanobacteria with a specific focus on public health protection. It intends to empower professionals from different disciplines to communicate and cooperate for sustainable management of toxic cyanobacteria, including public health workers, ecologists, academics, and catchment and waterbody managers. Ingrid Chorus headed the department for Drinking-Water and Swimming-Pool Hygiene at the German Environment Agency. Martin Welker is a limnologist and microbiologist, currently with bioMérieux in Lyon, France.

Download or read book Guidelines on recreational water quality Volume 1 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-07-12 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of coastal, estuarine and freshwater recreational environments has significant benefits for health and well-being, including rest, relaxation, exercise, cultural and religious practices, and aesthetic pleasure, while also providing substantial local, regional and national economic benefits. These guidelines focus on water quality management for coastal and freshwater environments to protect public health. The guidelines: 1. describe the current state of knowledge about the possible adverse health impacts of various forms of water pollution; and2. set out recommendations for setting national health-based targets, conducting surveillance and risk assessments, putting in place systems to monitor and control risks, and providing timely advice to users on water safety.These guidelines are aimed at national and local authorities, and other entities with an obligation to exercise due diligence relating to the safety of recreational water sites. They may be implemented in conjunction with other measures for water safety (such as drowning prevention and sun exposure) and measures for environmental protection of recreational water use sites.

Download or read book Factors Related to Cyanobacterial Blooms and Their Toxicity in Two Western Washington Lakes written by Diane Collier and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water written by Ingrid Chorus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacterial toxins are among the hazardous substances most widely found in water. They occur naturally, but concentrations hazardous to human health are usually due to human activity. Therefore, to protect human health, managing lakes, reservoirs and rivers to prevent cyanobacterial blooms is critical. This second edition of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water presents the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins as well as their impacts on health through water-related exposure pathways, chiefly drinking-water and recreational activity. It provides scientific and technical background information to support hazard identification, assessment and prioritisation of the risks posed by cyanotoxins, and it outlines approaches for their management at each step of the water-use system. It sets out key practical considerations for developing management strategies, implementing efficient measures and designing monitoring programmes. This enables stakeholders to evaluate whether there is a health risk from toxic cyanobacteria and to mitigate it with appropriate measures. This book is intended for those working on toxic cyanobacteria with a specific focus on public health protection. It intends to empower professionals from different disciplines to communicate and cooperate for sustainable management of toxic cyanobacteria, including public health workers, ecologists, academics, and catchment and waterbody managers. Ingrid Chorus headed the department for Drinking-Water and Swimming-Pool Hygiene at the German Environment Agency. Martin Welker is a limnologist and microbiologist, currently with bioMérieux in Lyon, France.

Download or read book Cyanotoxins written by Ingrid Chorus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxic cyanobacteria are increasingly recognised as a potential hazard in water for human use. The recent availability of methods for quantitative screening is leading to a surge of research on their occurrence. This book presents a novel compilation of extensive screening results showing the cyanotoxin levels that may be expected when certain taxa dominate. These results indicate cyanotoxins to be the most widespread among the chemicals of concern in water used for drinking and recreation. It further combines field data with results from laboratory culture experiments to suggest a unifying view of how environmental factors control the cyanotoxin levels in natural waters. A practical section is dedicated to the exposure of humans through drinking-water and recreation.

Download or read book Relationship Between Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms Psycho chemical Factors and Multiple Source Excreta Contamination in Affected Watershed written by Valentina Muñoz Ramos and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Missisquoi Bay (MB) is a temperate eutrophic freshwater ecosystem located in an agricultural watershed and it frequently experiences toxic Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms. Cyanobacterial population dynamics are influenced by a plethora of factors that may differ from system to system, requiring a site-specific assessment of bloom-promoting factors to design more effective bloom prevention or remediation strategies. This is the first biomonitoring study that combined data from high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, qPCR and environmental parameters from temporal and spatial samples to identify the main bloom-promoting factors. In addition, high-throughput amplicon sequencing of mitochondrial DNA genes was performed to qualitatively identify potential external sources of nutrients originating from animal excreta. Particular emphasis was placed on 1) determining whether there was a link between nutrients from external sources and cyanobacterial blooms and 2) analyzing in situ the effect of environmental factors (particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations) on the dynamics of cyanobacterial community composition, abundance and toxicity.The concentrations of total P (TP) and total N (TN) in MB in 2009 correlated significantly with the abundance of total cyanobacterial cells, the Microcystis 16S rRNA and mcyD genes and intracellular microcystin. The results suggest that external sources of nutrients, such as surface runoff and animal excreta, played a significant role in the load of nutrients into the bay and thus in the proliferation of toxic cyanobacterial blooms. This was indicated by the detection of non-aquatic mitochondrial DNA hosts in the bay and the relationships between the pattern of surface runoff, nutrient concentrations, E. coli counts and total cyanobacterial abundance. Potential sources of nutrients from non-aquatic animal excreta in the system comprised rodents, birds, cattle and humans, indicating that efforts are required to control pollution from animal excreta in MB. During the growing season, the major cyanobacterial taxa were members of the orders Chroococcales and Nostocales. The genus Microcystis was identified as the main mcyD-carrier and main microcystin producer, hence the most problematic taxon in the cyanobacterial bloom. The correlations observed with environmental parameters suggest that increasing nutrient concentrations and TN:TP (mass) ratios approaching 11:1, coupled with an increase in temperature, promoted Microcystis-dominated toxic cyanobacterial blooms. Although the importance of nutrient ratios and absolute concentrations on cyanobacterial and Microcystis dynamics has been documented, this is the first time that an optimum TN:TP ratio for Microcystis dominance has been observed in the field. This observation provides further support to the theory that nutrient supply ratios are an important determinant of species composition in natural phytoplankton assemblages. Although the validity and prediction potential of this optimum ratio for Microcystis dominance has yet to be verified through longer-term studies, it may provide practical guidelines for nutrient management strategies to avoid the proliferation of this toxin producing cyanobacterial genus in MB. " --

Download or read book Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms State of the Science and Research Needs written by H. Kenneth Hudnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 955 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ever-increasing incidence of harmful cyanobacterial algal blooms, this monograph has added urgency and will be essential reading for all sorts of researchers, from neuroscientists to cancer research specialists. The volume contains the proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms, and has been edited by H. Kenneth Hudnell, of the US Environmental Protection Agency. It contains much of the most recent research into the subject.

Download or read book Cyanobacterial blue green Algal Toxins written by Richard Scott Yoo and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 1995 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of Bloom Forming Cyanobacteria written by Archana Tiwari and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-07 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacterial blooms are potential health hazards in water supply reservoirs. Cyanobacteria are indicators of increasing eutrophication of water sources. Toxic bloom forming Cyanobacteria produce cyanotoxins, which can be hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, dermatotoxic or cytotoxic in nature. Many factors trigger bloom formation, severely affecting the aquatic flora and fauna and also posing health risks to animals and humans, who consume the water. Detecting toxicity in Cyanobacteria is a challenging tasks as Conventional methods are not suitable. Molecular investigation of toxicity seems to be a promising option. This book describes the features of bloom forming cyanobacteria- nature of cyanobacteria, factors affecting bloom formation, adverse effects of blooms, cyanotoxins and their impact, genes imparting toxicity and the role of metals on the metabolism and physiology.

Download or read book ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION OF CYANOBACTERIAL BLOOMS AND CYANOTOXINS written by Miss RAKHI Bajpai and published by Miss Rakhi Bajpai. This book was released on 2023-02-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [0:34 pm, 23/02/2023] Hafi: Cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins are influenced by a variety of environmental factors. Some of the key factors that affect the production of these blooms and toxins include: Nutrient levels: Cyanobacteria require nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, to grow and reproduce. Excess nutrients from human activities, such as agricultural and industrial runoff, sewage discharges, and atmospheric deposition, can promote the growth of cyanobacteria, leading to the formation of blooms. Temperature: Cyanobacteria are able to thrive in warm water environments. As water temperatures rise, cyanobacterial growth rates can increase, leading to more frequent and prolonged blooms. Cyanobacteria or Blue green bacteria, erstwhile known as Blue-Green Algae (BGA), are a group of gram-negative photosynthetic bacteria. These are micro-organisms which resemble bacteria in their prokaryotic nature but unlike bacteria, they are not chemosynthetic but oxygen evolving photosynthetic organisms. Their photosynthetic capability is due to the presence of essential and accessory photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a, (chlorophyll-b absent), carotenes, xanthophylls and phycoblin pigments namely c-phycocyanin and c- phycoerythrin. The last two pigments are found only in cyano Light: Cyanobacteria require light for photosynthesis, and high light intensity can enhance their growth. However, too much light can also cause photoinhibition, which can inhibit their growth. pH: Cyanobacteria can grow in a wide range of pH conditions, but they generally prefer alkaline conditions. Acidic conditions can inhibit their growth. Water flow: Cyanobacteria prefer still or slow-moving water. High water flow rates can prevent their growth and the formation of blooms. Salinity: Cyanobacteria can grow in both freshwater and saltwater environments, but different species have different salinity tolerances. Turbidity: High levels of suspended solids, such as sediment and organic matter, can decrease light penetration and limit cyanobacterial growth. Dissolved oxygen: Cyanobacteria can produce oxygen through photosynthesis, but as blooms grow and die off, they can deplete dissolved oxygen levels, leading to hypoxia and anoxia. These environmental factors can interact with each other in complex ways, and their effects on cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins can vary depending on the specific species of cyanobacteria present, as well as other environmental and biological factors. [0:35 pm, 23/02/2023] Hafi: nutrient levels; temperature; light; pH; water flow; salinity; turbidity; dissolved oxygen; cyanobacterial blooms; cyanotoxins.

Download or read book Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms written by Patricia M. Glibert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harmful algal blooms (HABs) - blooms that cause fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, or cause human or ecological health impacts and harm to local economies - are occurring more often, in more places and lasting longer than in past decades. This expansion is primarily the result of human activities, through increased nutrient inputs and various aspects of climate change. The Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (GEOHAB) programme promoted international collaboration to understand HAB population dynamics in various oceanographic regimes and to improve the prediction of HABs. This volume introduces readers to the overarching framework of the GEOHAB programme, factors contributing to the global expansion of harmful algal blooms, the complexities of HABs in different habitats, and the forward-looking issues to be tackled by the next generation of GEOHAB, GlobalHAB. The programme brought together an international team of contributing scientists and ecosystem managers, and its outcomes will greatly benefit the international research community.

Download or read book Cyanobacterial Toxins of Drinking Water Supplies written by Ian Robert Falconer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-12-20 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contamination of both drinking and recreational water supplies by cyanobacteria is increasingly a cause for concern worldwide. While contamination causes livestock deaths with relative frequency, acute poisoning is rare in humans. However, there is growing apprehension over the possible role of cylindrospermopsins and microcystins in gastrointe

Download or read book Freshwater Algal Toxins written by Angeles Jos and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacterial abundance has increased disproportionately, and this trend is likely to continue in the coming decades. This increase not only has deleterious effects on ecosystem biodiversity but also adversely affects drinking water supplies, livestock watering, crop yields, aquaculture, etc. Thus, the proliferation of cyanobacterial blooms presents human and animal health risks due to the common production of potent toxins, cyanotoxins. Moreover, these risks are aggravated by the accumulation potential of cyanotoxins and their transference to the food chain. In spite of the worldwide increasing occurrence of cyanotoxins, they are still underestimated in regulations. However, risk management of cyanotoxins is only possible after a thorough risk evaluation, and for that purpose, toxicity and exposure data are required. Thus, occurrence and monitoring information is of key importance, and new data in relation to the conditions that favor cyanobacterial growth and cyanotoxin production are welcome in order to prevent their appearance. On the other hand, in regard to toxicity, there are still many data gaps to fill. This book compiles 10 research papers and a review, which provide valuable contributions on all these aspects and demonstrate the importance of cyanobacteria toxins research.

Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Factors Constraining the Success and Toxicity of Microcystis Blooms written by Lauren Elisabeth Krausfeldt and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (cyanoHABs) have detrimental effects on freshwater lakes and reservoirs around the world. CyanoHABs severely reduce water quality, altering the food web and disrupting fishing and tourism industries. In addition, many bloom-forming cyanobacteria have the capacity to produce potent toxins, making the negative impacts of cyanoHABs of ecological and economic importance and a serious public health risk. Microcystis spp., which are the typically dominating cyanobacteria in blooms, often produce thick scums, taste and odor compounds and the hepatotoxins, microcystin, implicated in water advisories, human and animal poisonings and drinking water shutdowns globally. Primarily driven by anthropogenic nutrient loading and climate change, Microcystis blooms are on the rise, not only increasing in frequency but also intensity. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are considered the most important nutrients in driving bloom formation and persistence but historically management practices have solely focused on P abatements. Large inputs of N into the environment have now been tied to the increased prevalence of toxic Microcystis. To better understand the role of N and other environmental factors impacting the success and toxicity of Microcystis, a number of molecular techniques were employed to characterize bloom community dynamics and the physiology of Microcystis. Results from environmental studies generated new hypotheses about the role of heterotrophic bacteria in N-cycling and microcystin degradation, while observations from laboratory studies provided novel insight into the metabolism of N by Microcystis and subsequent microcystin production was proposed. Together, the findings presented here can be extrapolated to the natural environment and provide greater insight into the mechanisms that contribute to cyanoHAB expansion and toxicity.

Download or read book Recent Advances in the Analysis of Marine Toxins written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Advances in the Analysis of Marine Toxins, Volume 78, the newest release in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, presents chapters from the best authors in the field, making it an essential resource. Updated sections in this new volume include topics such as The importance of toxin detection and quantification: environmental issues, public health, food safety, animal health, bioterrorism, bioactive compounds, medical approach, an LC-MS/MS analysis of marine toxins, Animal bioassays: identification of toxins and mechanism of action, Receptor binding assays for the analysis of marine toxins, Immunoassays and optical biosensors (visual, SPR, fluorescence) for marine toxins, and Electrochemical biosensors for marine toxins. Chapters in this ongoing series contain practical and useful information, describing real advantages and limitations. Experts in this field contribute based on their research and personal point-of-view. - Contains contributions from the best authors in the field - Provides an essential resource for marine monitoring managers and scientific community